雖然
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See also: 虽然
Chinese
[edit]although; even though | so; thus; like this so; thus; like this; ‑ly; correct; right | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (雖然) | 雖 | 然 | |
simp. (虽然) | 虽 | 然 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): xu1 ran2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): суйжан (suyřan, I-I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): seoi1 jin4
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhui1 ngen3*
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): chŭi-iòng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1soe-zoe
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄟ ㄖㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: sueirán
- Wade–Giles: sui1-jan2
- Yale: swēi-rán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sueiran
- Palladius: суйжань (sujžanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʐän³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, variant in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄟˊ ㄖㄢˊ → ㄙㄨㄟˊ ˙ㄖㄢ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: suéirån
- Wade–Giles: sui2-jan5
- Yale: swéi-ran
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: swei.ran
- Palladius: суйжань (sujžanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /su̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʐän³⁵/ → /su̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʐän³/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: xu1 ran2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: xyrhan
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɕy⁵⁵ zan²¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: суйжан (suyřan, I-I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /suei²⁴ ʐæ̃²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: seoi1 jin4
- Yale: sēui yìhn
- Cantonese Pinyin: soey1 jin4
- Guangdong Romanization: sêu1 yin4
- Sinological IPA (key): /sɵy̯⁵⁵ jiːn²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: lhui1 ngen3*
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɬui³³ ᵑɡen²²⁻²²⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sûi-yèn
- Hakka Romanization System: suiˊ ienˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sui1 yan2
- Sinological IPA: /su̯i²⁴ i̯en¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sûi-yàn
- Hakka Romanization System: suiˊ (r)ianˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: sui1 yan2
- Sinological IPA: /su̯i²⁴ (j)i̯an¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chŭi-iòng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰui⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sui-liân
- Tâi-lô: sui-liân
- Phofsit Daibuun: suilieen
- IPA (Taipei): /sui⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /sui³³ liɛn²⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen): /sui⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sui-jiân
- Tâi-lô: sui-jiân
- Phofsit Daibuun: suijieen
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /sui⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɛn²³/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /sui⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛn¹³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sui1 riêng5 / sui1 riang5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sui jiêng / sui jiâng
- Sinological IPA (key): /sui³³⁻²³ d͡zieŋ⁵⁵/, /sui³³⁻²³ d͡ziaŋ⁵⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
Note: sui1 riêng5 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: swij nyen
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-qʷij [n]a[n]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰʷi njen/
Conjunction
[edit]雖然
- although
- (Classical) although so; despite this; nevertheless; that being said
Usage notes
[edit]Unlike in English, in Chinese it is customary for 雖然/虽然 (suīrán, “although”) to be followed by 但是 (dànshì, “but; however”).
Synonyms
[edit]- (although):
Dialectal synonyms of 雖然 (“although”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 雖 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 雖然, 雖則, 雖說 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 雖然 |
Taiwan | 雖然 | |
Harbin | 雖說 | |
Singapore | 雖然 | |
Central Plains Mandarin | Luoyang | 雖說 |
Xi'an | 雖說 | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 雖然, 雖說 |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 雖說 |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 雖然, 雖則 |
Hong Kong | 雖然, 雖則 | |
Taishan | 雖然 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 雖然 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 雖話 |
Hakka | Meixian | 雖然 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 雖然 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 雖然 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 雖然 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 雖然 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 雖然 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 雖然 | |
Huizhou | Jixi | 雖則其然 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 雖然 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 雖然, 雖罔, 雖講 |
Quanzhou | 雖然 | |
Zhangzhou | 雖然, 雖罔 | |
Tainan | 雖然, 雖罔 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 雖然 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 雖然 | |
Jieyang | 名呾 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 雖然 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 雖然, 雖則 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 雖則 | |
Ningbo | 雖則 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 雖然得, 雖然得是 |
Related terms
[edit]- 固然 (gùrán)
Descendants
[edit]Categories:
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