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嘗

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 嚐, 甞, and 尝
嘗 U+5617, 嘗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5617
← 嘖
[U+5616] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 嘘 →
[U+5618]

Translingual

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Han character

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嘗 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+11, 14 strokes, Cangjie input 火月口心日 (FBRPA), four-corner 90601, composition ⿱𫩠旨)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 206, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4205
  • Dae Jaweon: page 429, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1529, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+5617

Chinese

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trad. 嘗/嚐
simp. 尝
alternative forms 甞
嚐: “to taste; to experience”

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 嘗
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (尚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
當 *taːŋ, *taːŋs
襠 *taːŋ
鐺 *taːŋ, *sʰraːŋ
簹 *taːŋ
璫 *taːŋ
檔 *taːŋ, *taːŋs
儅 *taːŋ, *taːŋs
蟷 *taːŋ
擋 *taːŋʔ, *taːŋs
黨 *taːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋʔ
讜 *taːŋʔ
欓 *taːŋʔ
譡 *taːŋs
闣 *taːŋs
瓽 *taːŋs
鏜 *tʰaːŋ
闛 *tʰaːŋ, *daːŋ
鼞 *tʰaːŋ
曭 *tʰaːŋʔ
儻 *tʰaːŋʔ, *tʰaːŋs
戃 *tʰaːŋʔ
矘 *tʰaːŋʔ
爣 *tʰaːŋʔ
攩 *hl'aːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋʔ, *ɦʷlaːŋs
淌 *tʰaːŋʔ
倘 *tʰaːŋʔ
躺 *tʰaːŋʔ
趟 *tʰaːŋs, *rtaːŋ, *rtaːŋs
堂 *daːŋ
坣 *daːŋ
棠 *daːŋ
糛 *daːŋ
螳 *daːŋ
隚 *daːŋ
橖 *daːŋ
掌 *tjaŋʔ
廠 *tʰjaŋʔ, *tʰjaŋs
敞 *tʰjaŋʔ
僘 *tʰjaŋʔ
氅 *tʰjaŋʔ
常 *djaŋ
嘗 *djaŋ
裳 *djaŋ
徜 *djaŋ
尚 *djaŋ, *djaŋs
甞 *djaŋ
鋿 *djaŋ
嫦 *djaŋ
償 *djaŋ, *djaŋs
賞 *hjaŋʔ
瞠 *rtʰaːŋ
撐 *rtʰaːŋ
樘 *rtʰaːŋ
橕 *rtʰaːŋ
牚 *rtʰaːŋs
埫 *tʰoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *djaŋ): phonetic 尚 (OC *djaŋ, *djaŋs) + semantic 旨 (“tasty”).

Etymology

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Schuessler (2007:181) tries to derive this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *mjaŋ (“to taste, experience”), but the d- initial remains difficult to explain.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • siông/siâng - literary;
  • chn̂g - vernacular (“to lick”);
  • sióng/siáng - vernacular (俗).
Note:
  • sion5/siên5 - vernacular (siên5 - Chaozhou, Chenghai);
  • siang5 - literary.
Note: (Suzhounese) 2zan - colloquial.
Rime
Character 嘗
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 陽 (105)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 市羊切
Baxter dzyang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʑɨɐŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ʑiɐŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʑiɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ʑɨaŋ/
Li
Rong 		/ʑiaŋ/
Wang
Li 		/ʑĭaŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ʑi̯aŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		cháng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		soeng4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 嘗
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		cháng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzyang ›
Old
Chinese 		/*Cə.daŋ/
English taste (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 嘗
Reading # 1/1
No. 11153
Phonetic
component 		尚
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		常
Old
Chinese 		/*djaŋ/
Notes 同甞

Definitions

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嘗

  1. to taste; to try the flavour
    alt. forms: 嚐 / 尝 (cháng)
    來嘗嘗這個蛋糕吧。 [MSC, trad.]
    来尝尝这个蛋糕吧。 [MSC, simp.]
    Lái cháng cháng zhège dàngāo ba. [Pinyin]
    Come and have a taste of this cake.
  2. to attempt; to try
  3. to experience
    嘗到甜頭／尝到甜头  ―  cháng dào tiántóu  ―  to come to know the benefits
    嘗盡辛酸／尝尽辛酸  ―  cháng jìn xīnsuān  ―  to experience all kinds of hardship
  4. (literary) ever; once
    何嘗／何尝  ―  hécháng  ―  ever so
  5. (Mainland China Hokkien) to lick
  6. a surname

Synonyms

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  • (to taste):
Dialectal synonyms of 嘗 (“to taste”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 嘗
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 嘗
Taiwan 嘗
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 嘗
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 嘗
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 嘗
Wuhan 嘗
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 嘗
Hefei 嘗
Cantonese Guangzhou 試
Hong Kong 試
Yangjiang 試, 嘗
Gan Nanchang 嘗
Hakka Meixian 嘗
Jin Taiyuan 嘗
Northern Min Jian'ou 嘗
Eastern Min Fuzhou 嘗, 咂, 試
Southern Min Xiamen 試, 啖
Chaozhou 試, 嘗
Wu Shanghai 嗒, 嘗
Suzhou 嗒, 嘗
Wuxi 嗒
Haining (Xiashi) 嗒
Yixing 嗒
Hangzhou 嘗
Ningbo 嗒
Wenzhou 嘗
Xiang Changsha 試
Shuangfeng 試, 嘗
  • (to attempt):
  • (to experience): 感受 (gǎnshòu)
  • (ever):

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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嘗

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. once
  2. before
  3. formerly
  4. ever
  5. never
  6. ex-
  7. lick
  8. lap up
  9. burn up
  10. taste
  11. undergo
  12. underrate
  13. despise

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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嘗 • (sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune–Reischauer sang)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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嘗: Hán Việt readings: thường

  1. chữ Hán form of thường (“(obsolete, possibly literary when it was in use) once”)
    • (Can we date this quote?), 大越史記捷錄總序 [Đại Việt sử ký tiệp lục tổng tự]‎[2], page 8a:
      初𤤰先皇嘗打𩵜於瀧膠水，特蔑丐玉大圭。鈌𡘮蔑𧣳。柴厨𧡊麻嘆浪：「酉𣈜𡢐富貴，庄別世𱜢麻呐。只恨福德庄特𨱽丕。」
      Xưa vua Tiên Hoàng thường đánh cá ở sông Giao Thuỷ, được một cái ngọc Đại Khuê. Khuyết mất một góc. Thầy chùa thấy mà than rằng: "Dẫu ngày sau phú quý, chăng biết thế nào mà nói. Chỉ giận phúc đức chăng được dài vậy."
      In the past, the Former Đinh Emperor once went fishing at Giao Thuỷ river, there he obtained a large jade tablet. The corner was chipped. A monk saw and sighed saying: "Oh, in the future you will have wealth beyond what words could describe. I only resent that your blessings will not last long."
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