先行

Chinese

		early; prior; former early; prior; former; in advance; first	to go; to do; capable to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; okay; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behavior; conduct; a row; profession; professional
simp. and trad. (先行)		先	行

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiānxíng

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄥˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sin¹ haang⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siên-hàng
• Min Nan (POJ): sian-hêng / suiⁿ-kiâⁿ / seng-kiâⁿ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiānxíng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄥˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shianshyng
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siansíng
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕjɛn⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sin¹ haang⁴
    • Yale: sīn hàahng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sin¹ haang⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: xin¹ hang⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /siːn⁵⁵ häːŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siên-hàng
    • Hakka Romanization System: xien´ hangˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xian¹ hang²
    • IPA: /ɕi̯en²⁴ haŋ¹¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sian-hêng
    • Tâi-lô: sian-hîng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sienheeng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ²³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɛn³³ hiɪŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² hiɪŋ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: suiⁿ-kiâⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: suinn-kiânn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svui'kviaa
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /suĩ³³ kiã²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: seng-kiâⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: sing-kiânn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sengkviaa
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã²⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiã¹³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiã²³/

Note:

• sian-hêng - literary;
• suiⁿ-kiâⁿ/seng-kiâⁿ - vernacular (to go ahead).

Verb

先行

1. to advance; to move forward
2. to go ahead of the rest; to start off before the others

Adjective

先行

1. advance; ahead of the rest

Adverb

先行

1. in advance; beforehand

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Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
先	行
さき Grade: 1	ゆき Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Native Japanese readings.

Alternative forms

• 先行き

Noun

先行 (hiragana さきゆき, rōmaji sakiyuki)

1. future, prospects
2. movement in the future of an exchange

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
先	行
せん Grade: 1	こう Grade: 2
on’yomi

Sino-Japanese readings.

Noun

先行 (hiragana せんこう, rōmaji senkō)

1. preceding
2. taking priority

Compounds

• 先行権
• 先行詞

Verb

先行する (suru conjugation, hiragana せんこうする, rōmaji senkō suru)

1. go ahead of, go in front of
2. precede
3. be earlier

Conjugation

Conjugation of "先行する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	先行し	せんこうし	senkō shi
Continuative (連用形)	先行し	せんこうし	senkō shi
Terminal (終止形)	先行する	せんこうする	senkō suru
Attributive (連体形)	先行する	せんこうする	senkō suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	先行すれ	せんこうすれ	senkō sure
Imperative (命令形)	先行せよ¹ 先行しろ²	せんこうせよ¹ せんこうしろ²	senkō seyo¹ senkō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	先行される	せんこうされる	senkō sareru
Causative	先行させる 先行さす	せんこうさせる せんこうさす	senkō saseru senkō sasu
Potential	先行できる	せんこうできる	senkō dekiru
Volitional	先行しよう	せんこうしよう	senkō shiyō
Negative	先行しない	せんこうしない	senkō shinai
Negative continuative	先行せず	せんこうせず	senkō sezu
Formal	先行します	せんこうします	senkō shimasu
Perfective	先行した	せんこうした	senkō shita
Conjunctive	先行して	せんこうして	senkō shite
Hypothetical conditional	先行すれば	せんこうすれば	senkō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.