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懂

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 𢤦
懂 U+61C2, 懂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61C2
← 懁
[U+61C1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 懃 →
[U+61C3]

Translingual

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Stroke order
16 strokes

Han character

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懂 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+13 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 心+12 in simplified Chinese and Japanese, 16 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 15 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, Cangjie input 心廿竹土 (PTHG), four-corner 94015 or 94014, composition ⿰忄董)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 405, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11320
  • Dae Jaweon: page 745, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2353, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+61C2

Chinese

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trad. 懂
simp. # 懂
2nd round simp. 㤏
alternative forms 𢤦

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
撞 *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢 *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦 *rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇 *rdoːŋ
𩪘 *rdoːŋ
艟 *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧 *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽 *tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董 *toːŋʔ
蕫 *toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽 *toːŋʔ
懂 *toːŋʔ
湩 *toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈 *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童 *doːŋ
僮 *doːŋ
瞳 *doːŋ
罿 *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝 *doːŋ
潼 *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜 *doːŋ, *doŋ
動 *doːŋʔ
慟 *doːŋs
堹 *toŋs
諥 *toŋs
蹱 *tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重 *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟 *doŋ, *doŋs
蝩 *doŋ
褈 *doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘 *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾 *tjoŋ
籦 *tjoŋ
種 *tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫 *tjoŋʔ
踵 *tjoŋʔ
歱 *tjoŋʔ
喠 *tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅 *tjoŋs
衝 *tʰjoŋ
揰 *tʰjoŋs
尰 *djoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *toːŋʔ): semantic 心 (“heart”) + phonetic 董 (OC *toːŋʔ).

Etymology

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Perhaps cognate with 黨 (OC *taːŋʔ, “to know”), an ancient Chu dialect word (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • Zhangzhou, Taiwan:
    • tóng - literary;
    • táng - vernacular (limited, e.g. 懂嚇).
Rime
Character 懂
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 東 (1)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 多動切
Baxter tuwngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tuŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tuŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tuŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/təwŋX/
Li
Rong 		/tuŋX/
Wang
Li 		/tuŋX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/tuŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dǒng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dung2
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 懂
Reading # 1/1
No. 17435
Phonetic
component 		重
Rime
group 		東
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		董
Old
Chinese 		/*toːŋʔ/
Notes 右原從蕫，今字見韻會覩動切

Definitions

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懂

  1. to understand; to comprehend
    我懂了。  ―  Wǒ dǒng le.  ―  I see.
    懂禮貌／懂礼貌  ―  dǒng lǐmào  ―  to understand good manners
    他的話我聽懂了。 [MSC, trad.]
    他的话我听懂了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā de huà wǒ tīngdǒng le. [Pinyin]
    I understand what he said.
    你懂英語嗎？／你懂英语吗？  ―  Nǐ dǒng yīngyǔ ma?  ―  Do you understand English?
    阿拉勿懂。 [Shanghainese, trad. and simp.]
    7aq-laq 8veq 5ton [Wugniu]
    I don't understand.
  2. (Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong) to know
    你這暑假準備幹什麼？我不懂。 [MSC, trad.]
    你这暑假准备干什么？我不懂。 [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ zhè shǔjià zhǔnbèi gànshénme? Wǒ bù dǒng. [Pinyin]
    What are you doing this summer? I don't know.
  3. used in 懵懂 (měngdǒng, “confused”)
  4. a surname, Dong

Synonyms

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  • (to understand):

Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of “to understand”):

See also

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Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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懂

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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  • Go-on: つう (tsū)
  • Kan-on: とう (tō)
  • Kun: みだれる (midareru, 懂れる)

Korean

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Pronunciation

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Hanja

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懂 (eumhun 심란할 동 (simnanhal dong))

  1. disturbed, unsettled
  2. foolish, slow-witted
  3. to know, realize
  4. to understand, comprehend

Vietnamese

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Hán-Nôm

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懂: Hán Việt readings: đổng[1][2]
懂: Nôm readings: đỏng[1]

  1. chữ Hán form of đổng (“to understand”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of đỏng (“haughty, pretentious”)

Compounds

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Trần (2004).
  2. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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