鐘

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 鍾, 钟, and 鈡
鐘 U+9418, 鐘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9418
← 鐗
[U+9417] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鐙 →
[U+9419]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

鐘 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+12, 20 strokes, cangjie input 金卜廿土 (CYTG), four-corner 80114, composition ⿰釒童)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1323, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40902
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1822, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4258, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+9418

Chinese[edit]

trad. 鐘
simp. 钟*
alternative forms 鍾
銿
鈡／钟
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 鐘
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (重) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
撞 *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
幢 *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs
橦 *rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ
噇 *rdoːŋ
𩪘 *rdoːŋ
艟 *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
憧 *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ
畽 *tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ
董 *toːŋʔ
蕫 *toːŋʔ, *doːŋ
箽 *toːŋʔ
懂 *toːŋʔ
湩 *toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs
曈 *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
童 *doːŋ
僮 *doːŋ
瞳 *doːŋ
罿 *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
犝 *doːŋ
潼 *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ
穜 *doːŋ, *doŋ
動 *doːŋʔ
慟 *doːŋs
堹 *toŋs
諥 *toŋs
蹱 *tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ
重 *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs
緟 *doŋ, *doŋs
蝩 *doŋ
褈 *doŋ, *tʰjoŋ
鐘 *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ
鍾 *tjoŋ
籦 *tjoŋ
種 *tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs
腫 *tjoŋʔ
踵 *tjoŋʔ
歱 *tjoŋʔ
喠 *tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ
偅 *tjoŋs
衝 *tʰjoŋ
揰 *tʰjoŋs
尰 *djoŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ): semantic 金 + phonetic 童 (OC *doːŋ).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • cheng - vernacular;
  • chiong - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 鐘
    Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂuŋ⁵⁵/
    Harbin /t͡suŋ⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡suŋ²¹/
    Jinan /ʈ͡ʂuŋ²¹³/
    Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂuŋ²⁴/
    Xi'an /p͡fəŋ²¹/
    Xining /ʈ͡ʂuə̃⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂuŋ⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /p͡fə̃n³¹/
    Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂuŋ⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
    Kunming /ʈ͡ʂoŋ⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂoŋ³¹/
    Hefei /ʈ͡ʂəŋ²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡suəŋ¹¹/
    Pingyao /t͡suŋ¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡sũŋ³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /t͡soŋ⁵³/
    Suzhou /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /t͡soŋ³³/
    Wenzhou /t͡ɕyɔ³³/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sʌ̃³¹/
    Tunxi /t͡san¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂoŋ³³/
    Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂən³³/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡suŋ⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡suŋ⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /tʃuŋ²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
    Nanning /t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵/
    /t͡siŋ⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡syŋ⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sœyŋ⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡seŋ³³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /toŋ²³/
    /t͡soŋ²³/
    /t͡siaŋ²³/
    Rime
    Character 鐘
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 章 (23)
    Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 職容切
    Baxter tsyowng
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ɕɨoŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/t͡ɕioŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ɕioŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/cuawŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ɕioŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ɕĭwoŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/t͡ɕi̯woŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhōng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zung1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 鐘
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		zhōng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsyowng ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*toŋ/
    English bell

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 鐘 鐘
    Reading # 1/2 2/2
    No. 17465 17467
    Phonetic
    component         		重 重
    Rime
    group         		東 東
    Rime
    subdivision         		0 0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		鍾 鍾
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tjoŋ/ /*tjoŋ/

    Definitions[edit]

    鐘

    1. bell (Classifier: 架; 座)
      那個鐘每小時響一次。 [MSC, trad.]
      那个钟每小时响一次。 [MSC, simp.]
      Nà ge zhōng měi xiǎoshí xiǎng yīcì. [Pinyin]
      That bell rings once every hour.
    2. clock (Classifier: 架; 座)
      這個鐘快了，所以我把它校準了。 [MSC, trad.]
      这个钟快了，所以我把它校准了。 [MSC, simp.]
      Zhè ge zhōng kuài le, suǒyǐ wǒ bǎ tā jiàozhǔn le. [Pinyin]
      The clock was fast so I corrected it.
    3. time measured in hours and minutes
      點鐘／点钟  ―  diǎnzhōng  ―  o'clock
      分鐘／分钟  ―  fēnzhōng  ―  minute
      秒鐘／秒钟  ―  miǎozhōng  ―  second
    4. (Cantonese) hour (Classifier: 個／个; 粒; 句)
    5. (Cantonese, in general) time
    6. (Cantonese, colloquial) time, services of prostitutes
    7. (historical) metal ceremonial percussion instrument hung from a rack and struck with a mallet
    8. Alternative form of 鍾／钟 (zhōng, “unit of capacity”)
    9. a surname

    Usage notes[edit]

    • The surname (鐘／钟 (zhōng)) is different from the surname 鍾／锺 (zhōng).

    Synonyms[edit]

    Dialectal synonyms of 小時 (“hour (counting)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 小時 ‡, 鐘頭 †, 鐘點
    Mandarin Taiwan 小時 ‡, 鐘頭 †
    Harbin 鐘頭 †, 鐘點兒 †
    Yantai (Muping) 鐘頭 †
    Luoyang 鐘頭兒 †, 鐘點兒 †
    Wanrong 鐘頭兒 †
    Liuzhou 鐘頭 †
    Yangzhou 鐘頭子 †
    Malaysia 小時 †
    Singapore 小時 †, 鐘頭 †
    Cantonese Guangzhou 鐘 †, *, 鐘頭 †, 點鐘 ×
    Hong Kong 鐘 †, §, 鐘頭 †
    Taishan 鐘頭 †
    Dongguan 點鐘 ×
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 鐘 †
    Penang (Guangfu) 鐘 †
    Singapore (Guangfu) 鐘 †
    Gan Nanchang 鐘頭 †
    Lichuan 鐘頭 †
    Hakka Meixian 點鐘 ×
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 點鐘 ×
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 點鐘 ×
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 點鐘 ×
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 點鐘 ×
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 點鐘 ×
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 點鐘 ×
    Huizhou Jixi 鐘頭 †
    Jin Taiyuan 鐘頭 †
    Min Bei Jian'ou 點鐘 ×, 鐘頭
    Min Dong Fuzhou 點鐘 ×
    Singapore (Fuqing) 點鐘 ×
    Min Nan Xiamen 點鐘 ×
    Shishi 點鐘 ×
    Tainan 點鐘 ×
    Penang (Hokkien) 點鐘 ×
    Singapore (Hokkien) 點鐘 ×
    Manila (Hokkien) 點鐘 ×
    Chaozhou 點鐘 ×
    Shantou 點鐘 ×
    Shantou (Chenghai) 點鐘 ×
    Jieyang 點鐘 ×
    Singapore (Teochew) 點鐘 ×
    Haikou 鐘頭 †
    Singapore (Hainanese) 點鐘 ×
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 鐘 †, 鐘頭 †, 點鐘 ×
    Sanxiang 點鐘 ×
    Wu Shanghai 鐘頭 †
    Danyang 鐘頭 †
    Ningbo 鐘頭 †
    Note † - requires the classifier 個; ‡ - can be used with or without the classifier 個; § - requires the classifier 粒; * - requires the classifier 句; ¶ - requires the classifier 隻; × - cannot be used with a classifier

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (鐘):
    • → Japanese: 鐘(しょう) (shō)
    • → Korean: 종(鐘) (jong)

    Others

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    鐘

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    鐘
    かね
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    鐘(かね) • (kane) 

    1. bell

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    鐘
    しょう
    Grade: S
    on’yomi

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    鐘(しょう) • (shō) 

    1. bell

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    鐘 (eumhun 쇠북 종 (soebuk jong))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    鐘: Hán Nôm readings: chung, chuông

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=鐘&oldid=76206999"