join

See also: jõin

English

Alternative forms

• joyn, joyne, joyen (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English joinen, joynen, joignen, from Old French joindre, juindre, jungre, from Latin iungō (“join, yoke”, verb), from Proto-Indo-European *yewg- (“to join, unite”). Cognate with Old English iucian, iugian, ġeocian, ġyċċan (“to join; yoke”). More at yoke.

Pronunciation

• enPR: join, IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒɔɪn/
• Rhymes: -ɔɪn

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: join

Verb

join (third-person singular simple present joins, present participle joining, simple past joined, past participle joined or (archaic) joint)

2. (transitive) To connect or combine into one; to put together.

   The plumber joined the two ends of the broken pipe.

   We joined our efforts to get an even better result.

3. (intransitive) To come together; to meet.

   Parallel lines never join.

   These two rivers join in about 80 miles.

4. (intransitive) To enter into association or alliance, to unite in a common purpose.
   • c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act I, scene ii:

     Forſake thy king and do but ioyne with me
     And we will triumph ouer al the world.

   • c. 1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life and Death of King Iohn”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 8, column 2:

     […] Nature and Fortune ioyn’d to make thee great.

5. (transitive) To come into the company of.

   I will join you watching the football game as soon as I have finished my work.

   • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 46:

     No matter how early I came down, I would find him on the veranda, smoking cigarettes, or otherwise his man would be there with a message to say that his master would shortly join me if I would kindly wait.

6. (transitive) To become a member of.

   Many children join a sports club.

   Most politicians have joined a party.

   • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     In the autumn there was a row at some cement works about the unskilled labour men. A union had just been started for them and all but a few joined. One of these blacklegs was laid for by a picket and knocked out of time.

7. (computing, databases, transitive) To produce an intersection of data in two or more database tables.

   By joining the Customer table on the Product table, we can show each customer's name alongside the products they have ordered.

8. To unite in marriage.
   • 1549 March 7, Thomas Cranmer [et al.], compilers, “Of Matrimony”, in The Booke of the Common Prayer and Administration of the Sacramentes, […], London: […] Edowardi Whitchurche […], →OCLC, folio xiii, recto:

     Into the whiche holy eſtate theſe two perſones pꝛeſent: come nowe to be ioyned.

   • c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii], page 198, column 2:

     […] this fellow wil but ioyne you together, as they ioyne
     Wainscot, then one of you wil proue a ſhrunke pannell […]

   • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 19:6, column 2:

     What therefore God hath ioyned together, let not man put aſunder.

9. (obsolete, rare) To enjoin upon; to command.
   • 1528 October 12 (Gregorian calendar), William Tyndale, “Anoylynge”, in The Obediẽce of a Christen Man […], [Antwerp]: [Johannes Hoochstraten], →OCLC, folio Cxj, recto:

     And they ioyne them penaunce / as they call it / to faſt / to goo pylgremages ⁊ geve ſo moch to make ſatiſfaccion with all.

10. To accept, or engage in, as a contest.

    to join encounter, battle, or issue

    • c. 1587–1588 (date written), [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. […] The First Part […], 2nd edition, part 1, London: […] [R. Robinson for] Richard Iones, […], published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire; London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene i:

      Then when our powers in points of ſwords are ioin’d
      And cloſde in compaſſe of the killing bullet, […]

    • 1667, John Milton, “Book VI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

      On the rough edge of battel ere it joyn'd.

    • 1965, Cho-yun Hsu, Ancient China in Transition: An Analysis of Social Mobility, 722–222 b.c.‎^[1], Stanford University Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 19:

      Before joining battle, the officers and warriors gathered to make divinations "before the spirits of the former rulers," as at the battle of Yen-ling between Chin and Ch'u in 575 b.c.

Conjugation

Conjugation of join

infinitive	(to) join
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	join	joined
2nd-person singular	join, joinest†	joined, joinedst†
3rd-person singular	joins, joineth†	joined
plural	join
subjunctive	join	joined
imperative	join	—
participles	joining	joined

^† Archaic or obsolete.

Synonyms

• (to combine more than one item into one): bewed, connect, fay, unite; see also Thesaurus:join

Derived terms

• cojoin
• conjoin
• interjoin
• joinability
• joinable
• joiner
• join forces
• join-hand
• join hands
• join in
• joining fee
• join issue
• join out
• join the choir invisible
• join the club
• join the dots
• join the majority
• join up
• multijoin
• rejoin
• subjoin
• underjoin
• unjoin
• why buy a book when you can join a library
• why buy a book when you can join the library

Translations

to combine more than one item into one; to put together

• Altai:

  Southern Altai: биригер (biriger)

• Arabic: وَصَلَ (ar) (waṣala)
• Armenian: միացնել (hy) (miacʻnel)
• Aromanian: mpriunedz, unescu
• Azerbaijani: birləşdirmək (az), qovuşdurmaq
• Belarusian: злуча́ць impf (zlučácʹ), злучы́ць pf (zlučýcʹ), ядна́ць impf (jadnácʹ), аб'ядна́ць pf (abʺjadnácʹ)
• Bulgarian: обединя́вам (bg) impf (obedinjávam), обединя́ pf (obedinjá), съединя́вам (bg) impf (sǎedinjávam), съединя́ pf (sǎedinjá)
• Catalan: ajuntar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 連接 / 连接 (zh) (liánjiē)

• Czech: spojovat (cs) impf, spojit (cs) pf
• Dutch: samenvoegen (nl), verenigen (nl)
• Esperanto: aliĝi (join oneself to something larger), aligi (join another to something larger), kuniĝi (join oneself with another, forming something larger), kunigi (join an other with another, forming something larger)
• Finnish: liittää (fi)
• French: joindre (fr)
• Friulian: zontâ
• Galician: xuntar (gl)
• Georgian: შეერთება (šeerteba), გაერთიანება (gaertianeba), შემოერთება (šemoerteba), დაკავშირება (daḳavšireba)
• German: verknüpfen (de), vereinigen (de), anschließen (de), verbinden (de)
• Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐍆𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gahaftjan), 𐌲𐌰𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌽 (gawidan)
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: συνάπτω (sunáptō), ἁρμόζω (harmózō), ζεύγνυμι (zeúgnumi)

• Hebrew: הִצְטָרֵף (hitstaréf)
• Hindi: जोड़ना (hi) (joḍnā)
• Hmong:

  White Hmong: koom

• Hungarian: összekapcsol (hu), összeköt (hu)
• Icelandic: sameina
• Indonesian: sambung (id)
• Ingrian: liittää
• Irish:

  Old Irish: ad·comla

• Italian: unire (it), giuntare (it)
• Japanese: 繋げる (ja) (つなげる, tsunageru), 接続する (ja) (せつぞくする, setsuzoku suru), 結合する (ja) (けつごうする, ketsugō suru)
• Javanese: sambung

  Old Javanese: sambuṅ

• Kabuverdianu: djunta
• Latin: iungō (la), coniungō, cōnectō
• Latvian: savienot, saistīt, apvienot (lv)
• Lithuanian: jungti (lt), sujungti
• Macedonian: спојува impf (spojuva), спои pf (spoi), здружува impf (združuva), здружи impf (združi)
• Māori: hoto, tūhono, tūhoto
• Marathi: जोडणे (joḍṇe)
• Norman: joindre
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: sammenstille

• Old English: fēġan
• Persian: پیوستن (fa) (peyvastan)
• Polish: łączyć (pl) impf, połączyć (pl) pf
• Portuguese: juntar (pt), unir (pt)
• Quechua: huñuy, t'inkiy
• Romanian: alătura (ro), împreuna (ro), uni (ro)
• Russian: соединя́ть (ru) impf (sojedinjátʹ), соедини́ть (ru) pf (sojedinítʹ); скреплять (ru) impf (skrepljatʹ), скрепить (ru) pf (skrepitʹ); объединя́ть (ru) impf (obʺjedinjátʹ), объедини́ть (ru) pf (obʺjedinítʹ) efforts
• Sanskrit: युनक्ति (yunakti)
• Serbo-Croatian: spajati (sh) impf, spojiti (sh) pf
• Slovak: spájať (sk) impf, spojiť pf, spojovať impf
• Slovene: spojiti pf, združiti pf
• Spanish: juntar (es), aunar (es), unir (es), empalmar (es), yuntar (es) (dated), uñir (es) (dated)
• Swedish: sammanfoga (sv), foga samman (a number of objects), slå samman (efforts), föra samman (sv)
• Turkish: birleştirmek (tr)

  Ottoman Turkish: قوشمق (koşmak)

• Ukrainian: з'є́днувати impf (zʺjédnuvaty), з'єдна́ти pf (zʺjednáty), об'є́днувати impf (obʺjédnuvaty), об'єдна́ти pf (obʺjednáty)
• Welsh: ymuno (cy)

to come together; to meet

• Arabic: اِتَّصَلَ (ittaṣala)
• Armenian: միանալ (hy) (mianal)
• Azerbaijani: qovuşmaq
• Bulgarian: свъ́рзвам се (bg) impf (svǎ́rzvam se), свъ́ржа се pf (svǎ́rža se), съединя́вам се (bg) impf (sǎedinjávam se), съединя́ се pf (sǎedinjá se)
• Czech: spojovat se (cs) impf, spojit se (cs) pf
• Dutch: samenkomen (nl)
• Finnish: kohdata (fi)
• Galician: xuntar (gl)
• Georgian: შეერთება (šeerteba), შეკავშირება (šeḳavšireba), დაკავშირება (daḳavšireba)
• German: zusammenkommen (de), sich treffen
• Hiligaynon: abáy
• Hindi: जुड़ना (hi) (juṛnā)
• Hungarian: beletorkollik (hu), találkozik (hu)
• Italian: incontrare (it)
• Japanese: 繋がる (ja) (つながる, tsunagaru), 接続する (ja) (せつぞくする, setsuzoku suru); (for a river or road) 合流する (ja) (ごうりゅうする, gōryū suru)
• Latvian: apvienoties, vienoties, savienoties
• Macedonian: се спојува impf (se spojuva), се спои pf (se spoi), се здружува impf (se združuva), се здружи impf (se združi)
• Old English: fegan
• Persian: پیوستن (fa) (peyvastan)
• Polish: łączyć się (pl) impf, połączyć się (pl) pf
• Portuguese: juntar-se
• Russian: соединя́ться (ru) impf (sojedinjátʹsja), соедини́ться (ru) pf (sojedinítʹsja); объединя́ться (ru) impf (obʺjedinjátʹsja), объедини́ться (ru) pf (obʺjedinítʹsja)
• Slovak: spojovať sa impf, spájať sa (sk) impf, spojiť sa pf
• Spanish: empalmar (es), entroncar (es)
• Swedish: mötas, förenas (sv)
• Turkish: birleşmek (tr), çakışmak (tr), kesişmek (tr), bir araya gelmek (tr)
• Ukrainian: з'є́днуватися impf (zʺjédnuvatysja), з'єдна́тися pf (zʺjednátysja), об'є́днуватися impf (obʺjédnuvatysja), об'єдна́тися pf (obʺjednátysja)
• Zazaki: tor kerden

to come into the company of

• Armenian: միանալ (hy) (mianal)
• Azerbaijani: qoşulmaq (az)
• Belarusian: далуча́цца impf (dalučácca), далучы́цца pf (dalučýcca), прылуча́цца impf (prylučácca), прылучы́цца pf (prylučýcca)
• Bulgarian: присъединя́вам се (bg) impf (prisǎedinjávam se), присъединя́ се pf (prisǎedinjá se)
• Catalan: unir-se (ca), afegir-se (ca), agregar-se (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 參加 / 参加 (zh) (cānjiā), 加入 (zh) (jiārù)

• Dutch: vervoegen (nl)
• Finnish: liittyä (fi)
• French: se joindre (fr)
• Galician: xuntar (gl)
• Georgian: შეერთება (šeerteba), შემოერთება (šemoerteba)
• German: sich anschließen (de)
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: συμμείγνυμι (summeígnumi)

• Hungarian: csatlakozik (hu)
• Italian: aggregarsi, entrare a fare parte di
• Japanese: 加わる (ja) (くわわる, kuwawaru), 同伴する (ja) (どうはんする, dōhan suru); (figurative) 合流する (ja) (ごうりゅうする, gōryū suru), 加入する (ja) (かにゅうする, kanyū suru)
• Korean: 가입하다 (ko) (gaiphada)
• Latvian: pievienoties
• Lithuanian: prisijungti, prisidėti
• Macedonian: се придружува impf (se pridružuva), се приклучува impf (se priklučuva)
• Māori: kuhu, whakatapoko
• Persian: پیوستن (fa) (peyvastan)
• Polish: dołączać się (pl) impf, dołączyć się (pl) pf, przyłączać się (pl) impf, przyłączyć się (pl) pf
• Portuguese: juntar-se a
• Russian: присоединя́ться (ru) impf (prisojedinjátʹsja), присоедини́ться (ru) pf (prisojedinítʹsja), вступа́ть (ru) impf (vstupátʹ), вступи́ть (ru) pf (vstupítʹ)
• Slovene: pridružiti se pf
• Spanish: juntarse (es), unirse (es), agregarse (es)
• Swedish: följa med (sv), komma med (sv), hänga med (sv), göra sällskap
• Turkish: katılmak (tr)
• Ukrainian: приє́днуватися impf (pryjédnuvatysja), приєдна́тися pf (pryjednátysja)
• Zazaki: tor biyayen

to become a member of

• Arabic: اِلْتَحَقَ بِـ (iltaḥaqa bi-), اِنْضَمَّ إِلَى (inḍamma ʔilā)
• Armenian: միանալ (hy) (mianal)
• Azerbaijani: üzv olmaq, qatılmaq
• Belarusian: уступа́ць impf (ustupácʹ), уступі́ць pf (ustupícʹ)
• Bulgarian: ста́вам член impf (stávam člen)
• Catalan: unir-se (ca), ingressar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 加盟 (zh) (jiāméng), 加入 (zh) (jiārù)

• Czech: vstupovat (cs) impf, vstoupit (cs) pf, připojovat se impf, připojit se (cs) pf, stát se členem
• Dutch: lid worden van, toetreden (nl)
• Esperanto: aliĝi, aniĝi
• Finnish: liittyä (fi)
• French: se joindre (fr)
• Galician: xuntar (gl)
• Georgian: წევრად შესვლა (c̣evrad šesvla), წევრიანდება (c̣evriandeba), გაწევრიანდება (gac̣evriandeba)
• German: beitreten (de)
• Greek:

  Ancient Greek: προσχωρέω (proskhōréō)

• Hungarian: belép (hu)
• Italian: aderire (it), entrare a far parte, partecipare (it)
• Japanese: 加わる (ja) (くわわる, kuwawaru), 参加する (ja) (さんかする, sanka suru); (figurative) 合流する (ja) (ごうりゅうする, gōryū suru), 加盟する (ja) (かめいする, kamei suru), 加入する (ja) (かにゅうする, kanyū suru)
• Korean: 합류하다 (ko) (hamnyuhada), 참가하다 (ko) (chamgahada), 가맹하다 (gamaenghada), 가입하다 (ko) (gaiphada)
• Latin: participō
• Latvian: iestāties
• Lithuanian: įstoti
• Macedonian: стапува (stapuva), се зачленува (se začlenuva)
• Māori: whakatapoko
• Persian: پیوستن (fa) (peyvastan)
• Polish: wstępować (pl) impf, wstąpić (pl) pf, przystępować (pl) impf, przystąpić (pl) pf
• Portuguese: juntar-se a, entrar em
• Russian: вступа́ть (ru) impf (vstupátʹ), вступи́ть (ru) pf (vstupítʹ)
• Slovak: pripájať sa impf, pripojiť sa pf
• Slovene: pristopati impf, pristopiti pf
• Spanish: unirse (es), afiliarse (es), aunarse (es), coligarse (es), coaligarse (es)
• Swedish: gå med (i)
• Turkish: üye olmak (tr), katılmak (tr)
• Ukrainian: вступа́ти impf (vstupáty), вступи́ти pf (vstupýty)
• Zazaki: eza biyayen

to engage or join in battle

• Māori: harapaki
• Zazaki: tede kewten

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Catalan: ^{(please verify)} afegir (ca), ^{(please verify)} ajuntar (ca)
• French: ^{(please verify)} rejoindre (fr)
• Slovene: ^{(please verify)} združiti (1, 2), ^{(please verify)} pridružiti se (3, 4)
• Woiwurrung: ^{(please verify)} kerr-boo-on-ool

Noun

join (plural joins)

1. An act of joining or the state of being joined; a junction or joining.
   • 2023 May 11, Wen-Wei Liao, Mobin Asri, Jana Ebler, et al., “A draft human pangenome reference”, in Nature, volume 617, →DOI, page 313:

     We found 217 putative interchromosomal joins. Only one of these joins (in the paternal assembly of HG02080) was located in a euchromatic, non-acrocentric region and was manually confirmed to be a misassembly.

2. An intersection of piping or wiring; an interconnect.
3. (computing, databases) An intersection of data in two or more database tables.
4. (computing) The act of joining something, such as a network.
   • 2010, Dustin Hannifin, Microsoft Windows Server 2008 R2 Administrator's Reference:

     The offline domain join is a three-step process described subsequently: […]

5. (algebra) The lowest upper bound, an operation between pairs of elements in a lattice, denoted by the symbol ∨.

   Antonym: meet

Hyponyms

• ANSI join
• antijoin
• autojoin
• cross join
• equijoin
• explicit join
• full join
• hash join
• implicit join
• inner join
• left join
• natural join
• outer join
• right join
• self join
• semijoin
• straight join
• theta join

Derived terms

• disjoin
• full outer join
• Jacob's join
• join point
• left outer join
• misjoin
• right outer join
• self-join

Translations

an intersection of piping or wiring; an interconnect

• Bulgarian: съедине́ние (bg) n (sǎedinénie)
• Catalan: unió (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 連接 / 连接 (zh) (liánjiē)

• Dutch: verbinding (nl) f
• Finnish: yhde, liitos (fi), yhteys (fi)
• French: jointure (fr) f
• German: Verbindung (de) f
• Hungarian: kötés (hu), csatlakozás (hu), toldás (hu)
• Italian: giuntura (it) f, giunzione (it) m
• Japanese: 接続 (ja) (せつぞく, setsuzoku), 結合 (ja) (けつごう, ketsugō)
• Korean: 접속(接續) (jeopsok), 결합(結合) (ko) (gyeolhap)
• Macedonian: спојка f (spojka), спојница f (spojnica), спој m (spoj)
• Portuguese: conexão (pt) f
• Romagnol: atàc m
• Russian: соедине́ние (ru) n (sojedinénije), стык (ru) m (styk)
• Ukrainian: з'є́днання (uk) n (zʺjédnannja)

an intersection of data

• Finnish: liitos (fi)
• French: jointure (fr) f
• Greek: συνένωση (el) f (synénosi)
• Portuguese: junção (pt) f

Anagrams

• Nijo

Chinese

Etymology

From English join.

Pronunciation

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zon¹ / zoi¹

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zon¹ / zoi¹
    • Yale: jōn / jōi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzon¹ / dzoi¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zon¹ / zoi¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːn⁵⁵/, /t͡sɔːi̯⁵⁵/

Verb

join (Hong Kong Cantonese)

1. to join; to become member of
2. to join; to meet up

Dalmatian

Noun

join

1. alternative spelling of ioin

Finnish

Etymology 1

Verb

join

1. first-person singular indicative past of juoda

Etymology 2

Noun

join

1. instructive plural of joki

Anagrams

• Joni, ojin

Lashi

Etymology

From Proto-Lolo-Burmese [Term?], from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kron. Cognates include Burmese ကျွန် (kywan).

Pronunciation

• (Waingmaw) IPA^(key): [d͡ʑojn˧˧]
• (Mongko) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃɔn˥˧]
• Hyphenation: join

Noun

join (classifier yug)

1. slave, servant
   • 2005, “Apoem ayang꞉ 12:16 [Genesis 12:16]”, in Jhoem꞉ mougsougˮ [The Book of the Bible]‎^[2]:

     yang kyung- coid kyung- nu꞉ kyungˮ- myang꞉ kyung joem- join joem yoʼ gola-ug joem ri byid꞉ da꞉.

     he gave sheep, goats, cattle, horses, slaves and camels.

References

• Qingxia Dai; Jie Li (2007), 勒期语研究 [The study of the Leqi language], Beijing: Central Institute for Nationalities Publishing House, →ISBN, page 280
• Hkaw Luk (2017), A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎^[3], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis), page 16