joindre

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French joindre, from Latin iungere (“join”), from Proto-Italic *jungō, from Proto-Indo-European *yunégti ~ *yungénti, from the root *yewg-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒwɛ̃dʁ/

• Audio (Paris):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: joindre
• Rhymes: -wɛ̃dʁ

Verb

joindre

1. to join

   à pieds joints ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   pièce jointe ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   joindre l’utile à l’agréable ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   joindre le geste à la parole ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   joindre les deux bouts ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. to join up
3. to reach, to contact

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.

Conjugation of joindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	joindre
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	joignant /ʒwa.ɲɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		joint /ʒwɛ̃/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	joins /ʒwɛ̃/	joins /ʒwɛ̃/	joint /ʒwɛ̃/	joignons /ʒwa.ɲɔ̃/	joignez /ʒwa.ɲe/	joignent /ʒwaɲ/
	imperfect	joignais /ʒwa.ɲɛ/	joignais /ʒwa.ɲɛ/	joignait /ʒwa.ɲɛ/	joignions /ʒwa.ɲjɔ̃/	joigniez /ʒwa.ɲje/	joignaient /ʒwa.ɲɛ/
	past historic2	joignis /ʒwa.ɲi/	joignis /ʒwa.ɲi/	joignit /ʒwa.ɲi/	joignîmes /ʒwa.ɲim/	joignîtes /ʒwa.ɲit/	joignirent /ʒwa.ɲiʁ/
	future	joindrai /ʒwɛ̃.dʁe/	joindras /ʒwɛ̃.dʁa/	joindra /ʒwɛ̃.dʁa/	joindrons /ʒwɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/	joindrez /ʒwɛ̃.dʁe/	joindront /ʒwɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/
	conditional	joindrais /ʒwɛ̃.dʁɛ/	joindrais /ʒwɛ̃.dʁɛ/	joindrait /ʒwɛ̃.dʁɛ/	joindrions /ʒwɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/	joindriez /ʒwɛ̃.dʁi.je/	joindraient /ʒwɛ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	joigne /ʒwaɲ/	joignes /ʒwaɲ/	joigne /ʒwaɲ/	joignions /ʒwa.ɲjɔ̃/	joigniez /ʒwa.ɲje/	joignent /ʒwaɲ/
	imperfect2	joignisse /ʒwa.ɲis/	joignisses /ʒwa.ɲis/	joignît /ʒwa.ɲi/	joignissions /ʒwa.ɲi.sjɔ̃/	joignissiez /ʒwa.ɲi.sje/	joignissent /ʒwa.ɲis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	joins /ʒwɛ̃/	—	joignons /ʒwa.ɲɔ̃/	joignez /ʒwa.ɲe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• adjoindre
• disjoindre
• joignable
• joint
• jointer
• jointure
• rejoindre

Further reading

• “joindre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Norman

Etymology

From Old French joindre, from Latin iungō, iungere (“join, yoke”), from Proto-Indo-European *yewg- (“to join, unite”).

Verb

joindre

1. (Jersey) to join

Old French

Etymology

From Latin iungere, present active infinitive of iungō (“join”).

Verb

joindre

1. to meet up with; to go and see
2. to join; to join onto
   • c. 1180,, Chrétien de Troyes, Lancelot ou le Chevalier de la charrette:

     La ou l’espaule au col se joint

     At the point where the shoulder joins onto the neck

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of joindre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		joindre			avoir joint
gerund		en joignant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		joignant
past participle		joint
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	joing	joinz	joint	joignons	joigniez	joignent
	imperfect	joignoie, joigneie	joignoies, joigneies	joignoit, joigneit	joigniiens, joigniens	joigniiez, joigniez	joignoient, joigneient
	preterite	joins	joinsis	joinst	joinsimes	joinsistes	joinstrent
	future	joindrai	joindras	joindra	joindrons	joindroiz, joindreiz, joindrez	joindront
	conditional	joindroie, joindreie	joindroies, joindreies	joindroit, joindreit	joindriiens, joindriens	joindriiez, joindriez	joindroient, joindreient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	joigne	joignes	joigne	joigniens, joignons	joigniez	joignent
	imperfect	joinsisse	joinsisses	joinsist	joinsissons, joinsissiens	joinsissoiz, joinsissez, joinsissiez	joinsissent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	joing	—	joignons	joigniez	—

Descendants

• Middle English: joinen
  • English: join
• French: joindre