sandhi

See also: Sandhi

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit संधि (saṃdhí, “junction, union”). Partial piecewise doublet of synthesis and synth.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈsændi/, /ˈsʌndi/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈsʌndi/, /ˈsɑndi/
• (India, Nepal, Indic) IPA^(key): /s̪ɐn̪.d̪ʱí/, /s̪ɐ̃n̪.d̪ʱí/, /sɐn.dʱí/, /sɐ̃n.dʱí/
• Homophones: Sunday, sundae

Noun

Examples
crasis in Portuguese liaison in French syntactic gemination in Italian

sandhi (countable and uncountable, plural sandhis)

1. (phonology) Any of a wide variety of phonological processes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries, such as the fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of sounds due to neighboring sounds or due to the grammatical function of adjacent words.
   • 1879, R. C. Childers, “On Sandhi in Pali”, in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, New Series, Volume 11, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, page 101:

     Mixed sandhi has two divisions, viz. when a word ending in a vowel is followed by a word beginning with a consonant, and when a word ending in a consonant is followed by a word beginning with a vowel. Cases of mixed sandhi are very few, and in the second division are limited to the changes of anusvâra before a vowel.

   • 1884, Edward Müller, A Simplified Grammar of the Pali Language, Trübner & Co., page 59:

     The rules on sandhi in Pâli may be divided into rules on vowel-sandhi, and rules on mixed sandhi where a vowel and a consonant are concerned. Consonantal sandhi does not occur in Pâli.

   • 2017, Hanbo Yan, The Nature of Variation in Tone Sandhi Patterns of Shanghai and Wuxi Wu, Springer:

Hyponyms

• crasis
• liaison
• mutation
• hiatus

Derived terms

• external sandhi
• internal sandhi
• tone sandhi

Translations

phonological process

• Arabic: سَنْدْهِي m (sandhī), وَصْل (ar) m (waṣl)
• Assamese: সন্ধি (xondhi)
• Bengali: সন্ধি (bn) (śondhi)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 連音 / 连音 (zh) (liányīn)

• Dutch: sandhi (nl) f
• Finnish: sandhi-ilmiö, sandhi, rajailmiö
• French: sandhi (fr) m
• German: Sandhi (de) n
• Gujarati: સંધિ (sandhi)
• Hindi: सन्धि (hi) (sandhi)
• Hungarian: szandhi
• Indonesian: sandi (id)
• Italian: sandhi m, legamento (it) m
• Japanese: 連音 (れんおん, ren'on)
• Kannada: ಸಂಧಿ (kn) (sandhi), ಕೂಡಿಕೆ (kn) (kūḍike)
• Korean: 연음 (yeoneum)
• Malayalam: സന്ധി (ml) (sandhi)
• Odia: ସନ୍ଧି (sandhi)
• Polish: sandhi (pl) n
• Portuguese: sândi m
• Punjabi: ਸੰਧੀ (pa) (sandhī)
• Russian: са́ндхи (ru) n (sándxi)
• Sanskrit: सन्धि (sa) (saṃdhí)
• Spanish: sandhi m
• Swedish: sandhi c
• Tamil: புணர்ச்சி (ta) (puṇarcci), சந்தி (ta) (canti)
• Telugu: సంధి (te) (sandhi)
• Thai: สนธิ (th) (sǒn-tí)
• Tocharian B: meske
• Urdu: سندھی (ur) (sandhī)

Further reading

• sandhi on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Danish, danish, handis

French

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit संधि (saṃdhi). Partial piecewise doublet of synthèse.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɑ̃.di/

Noun

sandhi m (uncountable)

1. (linguistics) sandhi

Further reading

• “sandhi”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀲𑀦𑁆𑀥𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• सन्धि (Devanagari script)
• সন্ধি (Bengali script)
• සන්‍ධි (Sinhalese script)
• သန္ဓိ or သၼ္ꩪိ or သၼ်ꩪိ (Burmese script)
• สนฺธิ or สันธิ (Thai script)
• ᩈᨶ᩠ᨵᩥ (Tai Tham script)
• ສນ຺ຘິ or ສັນຘິ (Lao script)
• សន្ធិ (Khmer script)
• 𑄥𑄚𑄴𑄙𑄨 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Derived from Sanskrit सन्धि (sandhi) or संधि (saṃdhi).

Noun

sandhi f

1. union
2. junction
3. joint
4. connection
5. agreement
6. sandhi

Declension

Declension table of "sandhi" (feminine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	sandhi	sandhiyo or sandhī
Accusative (second)	sandhiṃ	sandhiyo or sandhī
Instrumental (third)	sandhiyā	sandhīhi or sandhībhi
Dative (fourth)	sandhiyā	sandhīnaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	sandhiyā	sandhīhi or sandhībhi
Genitive (sixth)	sandhiyā	sandhīnaṃ
Locative (seventh)	sandhiyā or sandhiyaṃ	sandhīsu
Vocative (calling)	sandhi	sandhiyo or sandhī

Derived terms

• sandhiṃ chindati
• sandhiccheda
• paṭisandhi

References

Pali Text Society (1921–1925), “sandhi”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit संधि (saṃdhi). Doublet of sąd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsan.txi/
• Rhymes: -antxi
• Syllabification: san‧dhi(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

Noun

sandhi n (indeclinable)

1. (phonology) sandhi (any of a wide variety of phonological processes that occur at morpheme or word boundaries, such as the fusion of sounds across word boundaries and the alteration of sounds due to neighboring sounds or due to the grammatical function of adjacent words)

Further reading

• sandhi in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• sandhi in PWN's encyclopedia