營
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Translingual
[edit]Traditional | 營 |
---|---|
Shinjitai | 営 |
Simplified | 营 |
Han character
[edit]營 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+13 in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 火+12 in mainland China, 17 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 16 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 火火月口口 (FFBRR), four-corner 99606, composition ⿱𤇾吕(G) or ⿱𤇾呂(HTJKV))
Derived characters
[edit]Related characters
[edit]- 営 (Japanese shinjitai)
- 营 (Simplified Chinese)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 684, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19457
- Dae Jaweon: page 1096, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2237, character 5
- Unihan data for U+71DF
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 營 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 营 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
---|---|
鶯 | *qreːŋ |
罃 | *qreːŋ |
嫈 | *qreːŋ, *qreːŋs, *qʷeŋ |
褮 | *qreːŋ, *qʷeŋ, *ɢʷeːŋ |
覮 | *pqʰʷeːŋ |
謍 | *qʰʷreːŋ, *qʷreːŋ, *ɢʷeŋ |
䁝 | *qʷraːŋʔ |
嶸 | *ɢʷreːŋ, *ɢʷreŋ |
嵤 | *ɢʷreːŋ |
榮 | *ɢʷreŋ |
瑩 | *ɢʷreŋ, *qʷeːŋs |
蠑 | *ɢʷreŋ |
禜 | *ɢʷreŋ, *ɢʷreŋs |
醟 | *ɢʷreŋs, *qʰʷeŋs |
檾 | *kʰʷeŋʔ, *kʰʷeːŋʔ |
煢 | *ɡʷeŋ |
焭 | *ɡʷeŋ |
縈 | *qʷeŋ |
營 | *ɢʷeŋ |
鎣 | *ɢʷeŋ, *qʷeːŋs |
塋 | *ɢʷeŋ |
濴 | *ɢʷeŋ |
熒 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
螢 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
滎 | *ɡʷeːŋ |
濙 | *qʷeːŋʔ |
瀅 | *qʷeːŋs |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɢʷeŋ) : abbreviated phonetic 熒 (OC *ɡʷeːŋ) + abbreviated semantic 宮 (“palace”), depicting a person working all night with a light on his house.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yun2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): yn4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ing1
- Northern Min (KCR): iâng / ě̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): iàng / ìng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6yon / 6yin / 2yin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): in2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄥˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yíng
- Wade–Giles: ying2
- Yale: yíng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yng
- Palladius: ин (in)
- Sinological IPA (key): /iŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yun2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: wen
- Sinological IPA (key): /yn²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jing4
- Yale: yìhng
- Cantonese Pinyin: jing4
- Guangdong Romanization: ying4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɪŋ²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yen3
- Sinological IPA (key): /jen²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: yn4
- Sinological IPA (key): /yn³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàng / yìn
- Hakka Romanization System: iangˇ / inˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yang2 / yin2
- Sinological IPA: /i̯aŋ¹¹/, /in¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàng / yìn
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iangˇ / (r)inˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yang2 / yin2
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯aŋ¹¹/, /(j)in¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
Note:
- Sixian:
- yàng - vernacular;
- yìn - literary.
- Meixian:
- yang2 - vernacular;
- yin2 - literary.
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ing1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ĩŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: iâng / ě̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /iaŋ³³/, /œyŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
Note:
- iâng - vernacular;
- ě̤ng - literary.
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: iàng / ìng
- Sinological IPA (key): /iaŋ⁵³/, /iŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- iàng - vernacular;
- ìng - litearry.
Note: iâⁿ - vernacular, êng - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ian5 / iong5
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iâⁿ / iông
- Sinological IPA (key): /ĩã⁵⁵/, /ioŋ⁵⁵/
- (Teochew)
Note:
- ian5 - vernacular;
- iong5 - literary.
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: in2
- Sinological IPA (key): /in¹³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 營 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /iŋ³⁵/ |
Harbin | /iŋ²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /iŋ⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /iŋ⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /iŋ⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /iŋ⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /iŋ²⁴/ | |
Xining | /iə̃²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /iŋ⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ĩn⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /iŋ⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /in²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /yn³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /in²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ĩ³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /in²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /in⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /iəŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /iŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ĩŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ɦioŋ²³/ /ɦiŋ²³/ |
Suzhou | /ɦin¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɦin²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /joŋ³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /yʌ̃⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /iɛ⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /in¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /yn¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /yn⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /iaŋ¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /in¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jeŋ²¹/ |
Nanning | /jeŋ²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /jiŋ²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /iŋ³⁵/ /iã³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /iaŋ⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /iaŋ³³/ 名 /œyŋ²¹/ 動 | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /iã⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /eŋ³¹/ /zɔŋ³¹/ /ia³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: yweng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷeŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷeŋ/
Definitions
[edit]營
- encampment; barracks
- (military) battalion
- camp; activity; event
- to encamp
- to build; to construct
- to operate; to run
- to manage; to handle
- to seek for; to seek
- to measure
Usage notes
[edit]- (military): Under the National Revolutionary Army, a battalion was composed of three or four companies (連/连 (lián)). In turn, for infantry regiments, three infantry battalions formed a regiment (團/团 (tuán)), in infantry.
Compounds
[edit]- 丁家營/丁家营 (Dīngjiāyíng)
- 上營/上营 (Shàngyíng)
- 不營/不营
- 不鑽營/不钻营
- 佈陣安營/布阵安营
- 侯營/侯营 (Hóuyíng)
- 偷營/偷营 (tōuyíng)
- 偷營劫寨/偷营劫寨
- 傾身營救/倾身营救
- 入營/入营
- 公營/公营 (gōngyíng)
- 公營事業/公营事业
- 公營企業/公营企业
- 公營電視/公营电视
- 共同經營/共同经营
- 共營/共营
- 兵營/兵营 (bīngyíng)
- 兼營/兼营
- 劫營/劫营 (jiéyíng)
- 勞改營/劳改营 (láogǎiyíng)
- 南營/南营 (Nányíng)
- 右營/右营 (Yòuyíng)
- 合營/合营 (héyíng)
- 國營/国营 (guóyíng)
- 國營事業/国营事业
- 國營貿易/国营贸易
- 夏令營/夏令营 (xiàlìngyíng)
- 多角經營/多角经营
- 大本營/大本营 (dàběnyíng)
- 大樹營/大树营 (Dàshùyíng)
- 大農經營/大农经营
- 天體營/天体营 (tiāntǐyíng)
- 央浼營幹/央浼营干
- 孫王營/孙王营 (Sūnwángyíng)
- 安營/安营 (ānyíng)
- 安營下寨/安营下寨 (ānyíngxiàzhài)
- 安營紮寨/安营扎寨
- 宿營/宿营 (sùyíng)
- 專營/专营 (zhuānyíng)
- 小本經營/小本经营
- 屏營/屏营 (bīngyíng)
- 左營/左营 (Zuǒyíng)
- 幹營生/干营生
- 征營
- 怔營/怔营
- 惟利是營/惟利是营
- 慘澹經營/惨澹经营
- 拔營/拔营 (báyíng)
- 插箭遊營/插箭游营
- 斫營/斫营
- 新營/新营 (Xīnyíng)
- 朱營/朱营 (Zhūyíng)
- 柳營/柳营 (Liǔyíng)
- 植黨營私/植党营私
- 椿木營/椿木营 (Chūnmùyíng)
- 樊營/樊营 (Fányíng)
- 步步為營/步步为营 (bùbùwéiyíng)
- 民營/民营 (mínyíng)
- 民營企業/民营企业 (mínyíng qǐyè)
- 民營化/民营化 (mínyínghuà)
- 永續經營/永续经营
- 沒本營生/没本营生
- 汲汲營營/汲汲营营 (jíjíyíngyíng)
- 沈營 (Shěnyíng)
- 汪營/汪营 (Wāngyíng)
- 沒營生/没营生
- 沒營養/没营养
- 活廠經營/活厂经营
- 澹淡經營/澹淡经营
- 營作/营作
- 營利/营利 (yínglì)
- 營利稅/营利税
- 營前/营前 (Yíngqián)
- 營力/营力
- 營勾/营勾
- 營區/营区 (yíngqū)
- 營口/营口 (Yíngkǒu)
- 營口市/营口市
- 營哨/营哨
- 營商/营商 (yíngshāng)
- 營地/营地 (yíngdì)
- 營壘/营垒 (yínglěi)
- 營寨/营寨 (yíngzhài)
- 營州/营州
- 營工/营工
- 營帳/营帐
- 營幹/营干
- 營建/营建 (yíngjiàn)
- 營建業/营建业
- 營房/营房 (yíngfáng)
- 營收/营收 (yíngshōu)
- 營救/营救 (yíngjiù)
- 營業/营业 (yíngyè)
- 營業利益/营业利益
- 營業員/营业员 (yíngyèyuán)
- 營業收入/营业收入
- 營業日/营业日
- 營業機關/营业机关
- 營業稅/营业税 (yíngyèshuì)
- 營業費用/营业费用
- 營業車/营业车
- 營業額/营业额 (yíngyè'é)
- 營求/营求
- 營活/营活
- 營混子/营混子
- 營火/营火 (yínghuǒ)
- 營火會/营火会
- 營營/营营
- 營營役役/营营役役 (yíngyíngyìyì)
- 營生/营生 (yíngshēng)
- 營田/营田
- 營療/营疗
- 營盤/营盘 (yíngpán)
- 營福/营福
- 營私/营私 (yíngsī)
- 營私舞弊/营私舞弊 (yíngsīwǔbì)
- 營窟/营窟
- 營繕/营缮
- 營舍/营舍
- 營葬/营葬
- 營衛/营卫
- 營謀/营谋
- 營販/营贩
- 營辦/营办
- 營造/营造 (yíngzào)
- 營造尺/营造尺
- 營造法式/营造法式
- 營運/营运 (yíngyùn)
- 營隊/营队
- 營養/营养 (yíngyǎng)
- 營養不良/营养不良 (yíngyǎng bùliáng)
- 營養午餐/营养午餐
- 營養失調/营养失调
- 營養學/营养学 (yíngyǎngxué)
- 營養素/营养素 (yíngyǎngsù)
- 營首/营首
- 特殊營業/特殊营业
- 狗苟蠅營/狗苟蝇营
- 異營性/异营性
- 直營/直营
- 研習營/研习营
- 私營/私营 (sīyíng)
- 細柳營/细柳营
- 紮營/扎营 (zhāyíng)
- 結營/结营 (jiéyíng)
- 結黨營私/结党营私 (jiédǎngyíngsī)
- 經營/经营 (jīngyíng)
- 綠營/绿营
- 老營/老营
- 老營兒/老营儿
- 老營生/老营生
- 聯營/联营
- 聯營公車/联营公车
- 肖營/肖营 (Xiàoyíng)
- 胡家營/胡家营 (Hújiāyíng)
- 自然營力/自然营力
- 自營/自营 (zìyíng)
- 自營性/自营性
- 花柳營/花柳营
- 花營錦陣/花营锦阵
- 苦心經營/苦心经营 (kǔxīnjīngyíng)
- 苟營/苟营
- 蔡家營/蔡家营 (Càijiāyíng)
- 蠅營/蝇营
- 蠅營狗苟/蝇营狗苟 (yíngyínggǒugǒu)
- 行營/行营 (xíngyíng)
- 賣俏營奸/卖俏营奸
- 賣公營私/卖公营私
- 軍營/军营 (jūnyíng)
- 農業經營/农业经营
- 巡防營/巡防营
- 連營畫角/连营画角
- 連鎖經營/连锁经营
- 遊營撞屍/游营撞尸
- 鄭營/郑营 (Zhèngyíng)
- 野營/野营 (yěyíng)
- 錦營花陣/锦营花阵
- 錦陣花營/锦阵花营
- 鑽營/钻营 (zuānyíng)
- 陣營/阵营 (zhènyíng)
- 集中營/集中营 (jízhōngyíng)
- 難民營/难民营 (nànmínyíng)
- 露營/露营 (lùyíng)
- 黃家營/黄家营 (Huángjiāyíng)
Further reading
[edit]- “營”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]営 | |
營 |
Kanji
[edit]營
(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 営)
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 營 (MC yweng).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | Recorded as Middle Korean ᄋᆑᇰ (Yale: yuyeng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 바오달〮 여ᇰ | Recorded as Middle Korean 여ᇰ (yeng) (Yale: yeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527. |
Gwangju Cheonjamun, 1575 | 집 영 | Recorded as Middle Korean 영 (yeng) (Yale: yeng) in Gwangju Cheonjamun (光州千字文 / 광주천자문), 1575. |
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 | ᄆᆡᆼᄀᆞᆯ 영 | Recorded as Middle Korean 영 (yeng) (Yale: yeng) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576. |
Early Modern Korean | ||
Text | Final (韻) | Reading |
Samun Seonghwi, 1751 | 혜아릴 영 | Recorded as Early Modern Korean 영 (Yale: yeng) in Juhae Cheonjamun (註解千字文 / 주해천자문), 1804. |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jʌ̹ŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [영]
Hanja
[edit]營 (eumhun 경영할 영 (gyeong'yeonghal yeong))
- hanja form? of 영 (“encampment; barracks”)
- hanja form? of 영 (“to manage; to operate”)
- hanja form? of 영 (“to build; to construct”)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
- 운영 (運營, unyeong)
- 경영 (經營, gyeong'yeong)
- 진영 (陣營, jinyeong)
- 영양 (營養, yeong'yang)
- 영업 (營業, yeong'eop)
- 영리 (營利, yeongni)
- 국영 (國營, gugyeong)
- 영위 (營爲, yeong'wi)
- 영창 (營倉, yeongchang)
- 관영 (官營, gwanyeong)
- 조영 (造營, joyeong)
- 통영 (統營, tong'yeong)
- 병영 (兵營, byeong'yeong)
- 직영 (直營, jigyeong)
- 시영 (市營, siyeong)
- 입영 (入營, ibyeong)
- 공영 (公營, gong'yeong)
- 영농 (營農, yeongnong)
- 겸영 (兼營, gyeomyeong)
- 영조 (營造, yeongjo)
- 영생 (營生, yeongsaeng)
- 영외 (營外, yeong'oe)
- 군영 (軍營, gunyeong)
- 야영 (野營, yayeong)
- 영역 (營域, yeong'yeok)
- 민영 (民營, minyeong)
- 영내 (營內, yeongnae)
- 영문 (營門, yeongmun)
- 영소 (營所, yeongso)
- 탈영 (脫營, taryeong)
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]營: Hán Nôm readings: dinh, doanh
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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