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勝

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 胜
勝 U+52DD, 勝
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-52DD
← 勜
[U+52DC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 勞 →
[U+52DE]

Translingual

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Han character

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勝 (Kangxi radical 19, 力+10, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 月火手尸 (BFQS), four-corner 79227, composition ⿰月劵(TJ) or ⿸𰮤力(K))

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 148, character 31
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2409
  • Dae Jaweon: page 335, character 10
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2090, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+52DD

Chinese

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trad. 勝
simp. 胜*
alternative forms 𠢧
𡕲
𢾶
𠅫

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 勝
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (朕) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
黱 *l'ɯːs
朕 *l'ɯmʔ
鰧 *l'ɯmʔ, *l'ɯːŋ
螣 *l'ɯmʔ, *l'ɯːŋ, *l'ɯːɡ
栚 *l'ɯmʔ
眹 *l'ɯnʔ
騰 *l'ɯːŋ
滕 *l'ɯːŋ
縢 *l'ɯːŋ
儯 *l'ɯːŋ
幐 *l'ɯːŋ, *l'ɯːŋs
藤 *l'ɯːŋ
謄 *l'ɯːŋ
膡 *l'ɯːŋ, *hljɯŋs, *lɯŋs
籐 *l'ɯːŋ
勝 *hljɯŋ, *hljɯŋs
蕂 *hljɯŋs
榺 *hljɯŋs
塍 *ɦljɯŋ
媵 *ljɯŋs, *lɯŋs
賸 *ɦljɯŋs, *lɯŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *hljɯŋ, *hljɯŋs): phonetic 朕 (OC *l'ɯmʔ) + semantic 力 (“strength”).

Graphically, the character decomposes as 月 + 劵 (which gives rise to the simplified form 胜), though this is not the etymology.

Pronunciation 1

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Rime
Character 勝
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 蒸 (133)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 識蒸切
Baxter sying
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɕɨŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɕɨŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɕieŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɕiŋ/
Li
Rong 		/ɕiəŋ/
Wang
Li 		/ɕĭəŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɕi̯əŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shēng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sing1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 勝
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shēng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ sying ›
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥əŋ/
English equal to, capable of

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 勝
Reading # 1/2
No. 17127
Phonetic
component 		朕
Rime
group 		蒸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		升
Old
Chinese 		/*hljɯŋ/

Definitions

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勝

  1. to be able to bear; to be able to withstand
    勝任／胜任  ―  shēngrèn  ―  competent; qualified
    不勝負荷／不胜负荷  ―  bùshēngfùhé  ―  unable to withstand the load
  2. to be equal to; to match
  3. exhaustively; entirely; completely
    不可勝數／不可胜数  ―  bùkěshēngshǔ  ―  too numerous to count
  4. alternative form of 升 (shēng, “unit of measure for grain volumes”)
  5. alternative form of 伸 (shēn, “to stretch”)

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Rime
Character 勝
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 蒸 (133)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 詩證切
Baxter syingH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɕɨŋH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɕɨŋH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɕieŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɕiŋH/
Li
Rong 		/ɕiəŋH/
Wang
Li 		/ɕĭəŋH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɕi̯əŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shèng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		sing3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 勝
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shèng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ syingH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*l̥əŋ-s/
English overcome; surpass

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 勝
Reading # 2/2
No. 17128
Phonetic
component 		朕
Rime
group 		蒸
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		勝
Old
Chinese 		/*hljɯŋs/

Definitions

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勝

  1. to defeat; to win; to succeed; to be victorious
    Synonym: 贏 / 赢 (yíng)
    Antonym: 敗 / 败 (bài)
    知可以戰與不可以戰者勝 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    知可以战与不可以战者胜 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: The Art of War, circa 5th century BCE, translation: Lionel Giles, modified
    zhī kě yǐ zhàn yǔ bù kě yǐ zhàn zhě shèng [Pinyin]
    He will triumph who knows when to fight and when not to fight.
  2. victory; success; triumph
  3. to surpass; to prevail over; to outdo
  4. to spread; to be popular; to be employed
  5. to restrain; to check; to subdue; to bring under control
  6. annihilated; destroyed; fallen (of nation or dynasty)
  7. to bully; to place oneself over; to coerce; to subjugate
  8. wonderful; excellent; outstanding
  9. famed; of superior quality
  10. scenic spots and historical sites; scenic attraction
  11. (historical) a kind of splendid jewellery worn by ancient women
  12. (historical) axle on a loom which holds the warp

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (勝):
  • → Vietnamese: thắng (勝)

Japanese

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Shinjitai 勝
Kyūjitai
[1]
勝󠄁
勝+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
勝󠄃
勝+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji

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勝

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. (かつ, かち) to win (a game)
  2. (すぐれる, まさる) to be superior to

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
勝
しょう
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 勝 (MC syingH).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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勝(しょう) • (shō) ←しよう (syou)?

  1. win, victory

Counter

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勝(しょう) • (-shō) ←しよう (-syou)?

  1. wins, victories
    Antonym: 敗 (-hai)

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
勝
まさ(る)
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From the verb 勝(まさ)る (masaru, “to be superior to, to excel, to surpass, to rival”).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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勝(まさる) • (Masaru) 

  1. a male given name

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
勝
すぐ(る)
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From the Classical Japanese verb 優(すぐ)る (suguru, “to be good at, to be superior”), modern form 優(すぐ)れる (sugureru), also spelled with this character as 勝(すぐ)れる (sugureru).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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勝(すぐる) • (Suguru) 

  1. a male given name

References

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  1. ^ “勝”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

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Hanja

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勝 (eumhun 이길 승 (igil seung))

  1. hanja form? of 승 (“to win, to beat”)

Kunigami

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Kanji

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勝

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Miyako

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Kanji

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勝

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Okinawan

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Kanji

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勝

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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勝: Hán Nôm readings: thắng

  1. to win, to defeat, to be victorious

Yaeyama

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Kanji

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勝

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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