Jump to content

行李

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

[edit]
to go; to do; capable
to go; to do; capable; all right; competent; OK; to travel; temporary; to walk; will do; behaviour; conduct; a row; profession; professional
 
 phonetic
trad. (行李) 行 李
simp. #(行李) 行 李

Etymology

[edit]

From 行理 (“messenger”).

Pronunciation

[edit]
Rime
Character 行 李
Reading # 2/4 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 庚 (109) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) II III
Fanqie 戸庚切 良士切
Baxter haeng liX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦˠæŋ/ /lɨX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦᵚaŋ/ /lɨX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣaŋ/ /lieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦaɨjŋ/ /lɨX/
Li
Rong 		/ɣɐŋ/ /liəX/
Wang
Li 		/ɣɐŋ/ /lĭəX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɣɐŋ/ /liX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		héng lǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hang4 lei5
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 行 李
Reading # 2/3 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xíng lǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hæng › ‹ liX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*Cə.[ɡ]ˁraŋ/ /*C.rəʔ/
English walk (v.) plum

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 行 李
Reading # 3/4 1/1
No. 13867 17869
Phonetic
component 		行 子
Rime
group 		陽 之
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		行 里
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡraːŋ/ /*rɯʔ/

Noun

[edit]

行李

  1. belongings one carries for travelling; luggage; baggage (Classifier: 件 m c; 奇 mn)
    行李托運／行李托运  ―  xínglǐ tuōyùn  ―  bag drop
    行李安檢／行李安检  ―  xínglǐ ānjiǎn  ―  luggage inspection
    行李寄存處／行李寄存处  ―  xínglǐ jìcúnchù  ―  luggage deposit
    托運行李／托运行李  ―  tuōyùn xínglǐ  ―  to check through luggage
    行李傳送帶／行李传送带  ―  xínglǐ chuánsòngdài  ―  baggage carousel
    請把他的行李拿回家。 [MSC, trad.]
    请把他的行李拿回家。 [MSC, simp.]
    Qǐng bǎ tā de xíngli ná huíjiā. [Pinyin]
    Please take his luggage back home.
    行李讓雨給淋濕了。 [MSC, trad.]
    行李让雨给淋湿了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Xíngli ràng yǔ gěi lìnshī le. [Pinyin]
    The luggage was soaked by rain.
  2. (Classical) herald; messenger

Derived terms

[edit]

Descendants

[edit]
Sino-Xenic (行李):
  • → Japanese: 行李(こうり) (kōri)
  • → Korean: 행리(行李) (haengni)
  • → Vietnamese: hành lí (行李)

Others:

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]
    Kanji in this term
    行 李
    こう
    Grade: 2     		り
    Jinmeiyō
    kan'on on'yomi
    Alternative spelling
    梱
    行李・梱 (kōri, kori): a wicker trunk.
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia
    English Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia

    /kauri/ → /kɔːri/ → /koːri/

    From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 行李 (MC haeng liX, “baggage, luggage”). First cited in Japanese in a section of the 続日本紀 (Shoku Nihongi) dated to 706.[1]

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Counter

    [edit]

    行(こう)李(り) • (-kōri) ←かうり (-kauri)?

    1. [from 1867] used to count items of luggage, cargo, or freight: box, bundle, item, bale, package
    Usage notes
    [edit]

    More commonly encountered with the shortened reading kori.[1][2][4]

    Noun

    [edit]

    行(こう)李(り) • (kōri) ←かうり (kauri)?

    1. [from 1612] a wicker trunk used as luggage, with a lid that slides down over the top, generally made of bamboo, willow, or wisteria
      Synonym: 葛籠 (tsuzura, more general term for any wicker basket or box)
    2. [from 892] a messenger, an envoy
      Synonym: 使者 (shisha)
    3. [from 706] luggage, baggage (what one takes on a trip to contain one's possessions)
      Synonym: 荷物 (nimotsu)
    4. [from early 1100s] a trip, a voyage (by extension from the luggage sense)
      Synonyms: 旅 (tabi), 旅行 (ryokō)
    5. [from 1939] (historical, military) in the former Japanese army, the unit tasked with transporting materiel and supplies: military logistics

    Etymology 2

    [edit]
      Kanji in this term
      行 李
      こう > こ
      Grade: 2       		り
      Jinmeiyō
      irregular on'yomi
      Alternative spelling
      梱

      /kɔːri/ → /kori/

      Analyzable as a shortening of the kōri reading. First cited in 1523.[5]

      Pronunciation

      [edit]

      Counter

      [edit]

      行(こ)李(り) • (-kori) 

      1. [from late 1870s] used to count items of luggage, cargo, or freight: box, bundle, item, bale, package

      Noun

      [edit]

      行(こ)李(り) • (kori) 

      1. [from 1523] a bundle of one or more pieces of luggage secured with rope or cord
      2. [from 1603] a wicker trunk used as luggage, with a lid that slides down over the top, generally made of bamboo, willow, or wisteria
        Synonym: 葛籠 (tsuzura, more general term for any wicker basket or box)

      Etymology 3

      [edit]
        Kanji in this term
        行 李
        あん
        Grade: 2         		り
        Jinmeiyō
        tōon on'yomi

        Shift from earlier kōri reading to adopt the tō-on reading for the initial 行 character. May be either a later re-borrowing from Chinese, or influenced by later changes in Chinese pronunciation.

        First attested in the 1230s.[6]

        This reading is not included in various dictionaries[2][3][4] and may be obsolete.

        Pronunciation

        [edit]

        Noun

        [edit]

        行(あん)李(り) • (anri) 

        1. [from 1230s] (Zen Buddhism) alternative spelling of 行履 (anri): daily life, what one does in a regular day
          Synonyms: 行住坐臥 (gyōjūzaga, Zen terminology, literally “going, staying, sitting, lying down”), 日常生活 (nichijō seikatsu, general terminology, literally “daily lifestyle”)
        2. [from 1548] (archaic, possibly obsolete) luggage, baggage (what one takes on a trip to contain one's possessions)
          Synonym: 荷物 (nimotsu)
        3. [from 1717] (archaic, possibly obsolete) a messenger, an envoy
          Synonym: 使者 (shisha)

        References

        [edit]
        1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “行李・梱”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
        2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
        3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
        4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
        5. ^ “梱・行李”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[2] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
        6. ^ “行李”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[3] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

        Vietnamese

        [edit]
        chữ Hán Nôm in this term
        行李

        Noun

        [edit]

        行李

        1. chữ Hán form of hành lí (“luggage; baggage”)
        Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=行李&oldid=87673323"