件

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See also: 仵, 仟, 任, and 伴
件 U+4EF6, 件
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EF6
← 仵
[U+4EF5]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 价 →
[U+4EF7]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
6 strokes

Han character[edit]

件 (radical 9 人+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人竹手 (OHQ), four-corner 25200, composition ⿰亻牛)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 94, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 410
  • Dae Jaweon: page 200, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 122, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+4EF6

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 件

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 件
Small seal script
ACC-s05909.svg

s05909
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 亻 (“man”) + 牛 (“cow”) – man and cow form a unit.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • kiǎⁿ/kiāⁿ - vernacular;
  • kiǎn/kiān - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 件
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕian⁵¹/
Harbin /t͡ɕian⁵³/
Tianjin /t͡ɕian⁵³/
Jinan /t͡ɕiã²¹/
Qingdao /t͡ɕiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕian³¹²/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/
Xining /t͡ɕiã²¹³/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕian¹³/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕiɛ̃n¹³/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕian²¹³/
Wuhan /t͡ɕiɛn³⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕian¹³/
Guiyang /t͡ɕian²¹³/
Kunming /t͡ɕiɛ̃²¹²/
Nanjing /t͡ɕien⁴⁴/
Hefei /t͡ɕiĩ⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie⁴⁵/
Pingyao /t͡ɕie̞³⁵/
Hohhot /t͡ɕie⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /d͡ʑi²³/
Suzhou /d͡ʑiɪ³¹/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡ʑi³⁵/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕie³⁵/ 一～衣裳
/t͡ɕʰie³⁵/
Tunxi /t͡ɕʰiɛ²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕiẽ⁵⁵/
/t͡ɕiẽ¹¹/
Xiangtan /d͡ʑiẽ²¹/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹/
Hakka Meixian /kʰian⁵³/
Taoyuan /kʰien⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kin²²/
Nanning /kin²²/
Hong Kong /kin²²/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kian²²/
/kiã²²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kyɔŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kiŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kiã³⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kin³³/
Rime
Character 件
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 仙 (79)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 其輦切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡˠiᴇnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡᵚiɛnX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiænX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gianX/
Li
Rong		 /ɡjɛnX/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭɛnX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯ɛnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jiàn
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 件
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jiàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gjenX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]r[a][n]ʔ/ (no pre-Qín exx?)
English item

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 件
Reading # 1/1
No. 6183
Phonetic
component		 件
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 件
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡranʔ/
Notes 見漢印

Definitions[edit]

件

  1. document; letter
    文件  ―  wénjiàn  ―  document, file
    郵件 / 邮件  ―  yóujiàn  ―  mail
    信件  ―  xìnjiàn  ―  letter
    證件 / 证件  ―  zhèngjiàn  ―  certificate, document, ID
  2. item; component
    部件  ―  bùjiàn  ―  parts, components
    零件  ―  língjiàn  ―  part, component
    備件 / 备件  ―  bèijiàn  ―  spare part
    軟件 / 软件  ―  ruǎnjiàn  ―  software
  3. Classifier for things which can be numerically counted, such as pieces of luggage, clothes, events: piece
    一件東西 / 一件东西  ―  yī jiàn dōngxi  ―  a thing
    一件嘢 [Cantonese]  ―  jat1 gin6 je5 [Jyutping]  ―  a thing
    一件襯衫 / 一件衬衫  ―  yī jiàn chènshān  ―  a shirt

See also[edit]

  • 條／条 (tiáo, “classifier for pants”)

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 件

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

件

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Noun[edit]

件 (hiragana けん, rōmaji ken)

  1. case
  2. matter
  3. subject

件 (hiragana くだん, rōmaji kudan)

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
  1. example
  2. precedent
  3. kudan; half-human, half-ox mythical creature

件 (hiragana くだり, rōmaji kudari)

  1. clause, passage, paragraph
  2. precedent (see 件[くだん] [2])

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

件 • (geon) (hangeul 건, revised geon, McCune-Reischauer kŏn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

件 (kiện, kịn, kẹn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

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