任

See also: 仟 and 件

§Translingual

Stroke order

§Etymology

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 壬 – a person doing their duty.

§Han character

任 (radical 9 人+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人竹土 (OHG), four-corner 2221₄, composition ⿰亻壬)

1. trust to, rely on, appoint
2. to bear, duty, office
3. allow
4. a Chinese surname

§Derived characters

• 賃 (赁)

§References

• KangXi: page 94, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 416
• Dae Jaweon: page 200, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 122, character 6
• Unihan data for U+4EFB

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§Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		任

§Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): rèn (ren⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jam⁶
• Min Nan (POJ): jīm / līm / jîm / lîm

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: rèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄣˋ
    • Wade-Giles: jên⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: renn
    • IPA ^(key): /ʐən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jam⁶
    • Yale: yahm
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jam⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /jɐm²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jīm / līm / jîm / lîm
    • Tâi-lô: jīm / līm / jîm / lîm
    • IPA (Taipei): /d͡ʑim³³/, /lim³³/, /d͡ʑim²³/, /lim²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ʑim²²/, /lim²²/, /d͡ʑim¹³/, /lim¹³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (任, reconstructed)
Character (任), Pronunciation 1/2
Initial: 日 (38) Final: 侵 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 如林切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ȵiɪm/	/ȵʑi̯əm/	/ȵiəm/	/ȵim/	/ȵim/	/ȵʑĭĕm/	/ȵʑjem/
Character (任), Pronunciation 2/2
Initial: 日 (38) Final: 侵 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Departing (H)			Fanqie: 汝鴆切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/ȵiɪmH/	/ȵʑi̯əmH/	/ȵiəmH/	/ȵimH/	/ȵimH/	/ȵʑĭĕmH/	/ȵʑjemH/

Old Chinese pronunciation (任, reconstructed)
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character								Modern Beijing (Pinyin)								Middle Chinese								Old Chinese								English
任								rèn								‹ nyimH ›								/*n[ə]m-s/								burden; charge (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
任					10808					壬					侵					1					任					/*njɯm/
任					10823					壬					侵					1					妊					/*njɯms/

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§Japanese

§Kanji

任

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. responsibility
2. duty
3. term
4. entrust to
5. appoint

§Readings

• Goon: にん (nin), にむ (nimu)
• Kan’on: じん (jin), じむ (jimu) (non-Jōyō reading)
• Kun: まかせる (makaseru), になう (ninau), たえる (taeru)

§Compounds

責任 (せきにん, sekinin) 委任 (いにん, inin) 解任 (かいにん, kainin)

無責任 (むせきにん, musekinin) 専任 (せんにん, sennin) 信任 (しんにん, shinnin)

任命 (にんめい, ninmei) 任務 (にんむ, ninmu)

§Noun

任 (hiragana にん, romaji nin)

1. duty, responsibility, obligation

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§Korean

§Hanja

任 (im) (hangeul 임, revised yim, McCune-Reischauer im)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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§Vietnamese

§Han character

任 (nhậm, nhẩm, nhầm, nhiệm, nhâm, nhăm, nhặm, vững)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

§References

• Nom Foundation