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See also:
U+6041, 恁
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6041

[U+6040]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6042]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 61, +6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人土心 (OGP), four-corner 22331, composition )

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 383, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10518
  • Dae Jaweon: page 713, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2291, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6041

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *njɯm, *njɯmʔ) : phonetic (OC *njɯm, *njɯms) + semantic (heart).

Etymology 1[edit]

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms
𢗖
“to think”
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-njam (to think). Cognate with (OC *nɯːms, “to think”). See there for more.

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation[edit]



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial () (38) (38)
Final () (139) (139)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter nyim nyimX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ȵiɪm/ /ȵiɪmX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ȵim/ /ȵimX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȵʑjem/ /ȵʑjemX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ȵim/ /ȵimX/
Li
Rong
/ȵiəm/ /ȵiəmX/
Wang
Li
/ȵʑĭĕm/ /ȵʑĭĕmX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȵʑi̯əm/ /ȵʑi̯əmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
rén rěn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jam4 jam5
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
rèn
Middle
Chinese
‹ nyimX ›
Old
Chinese
/*n[ə]mʔ/
English think

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 10812 10817
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*njɯm/ /*njɯmʔ/

Definitions[edit]

  1. to think of; to reminisce
  2. to allow
    Synonym: 任憑任凭 (rènpíng)
  3. honest
  4. weak

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms Hakka
Hakka
This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Uncertain. Some postulate that it is from the fusion of 那物

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • jam6 - original reading;
  • jam5 - vernacular reading.

Definitions[edit]

  1. (literary or dialectal) so
  2. (literary or dialectal) this; that
  3. (literary or dialectal) how
  4. (literary or dialectal) what
Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

Allegedly a contraction of 汝儂汝侬 (lí-nâng, “you people”). See (“person; pronoun suffix”) for more.

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • ning2 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
  • neng2 - Shantou, Chenghai;
  • nêng2 - Jieyang.

    Definitions[edit]

    1. (dialectal) you (singular)
    2. (Southern Min) you (plural)
      食飽未食饱未 [Hokkien]  ―  Lín chia̍h-pá--bōe? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  Have y'all eaten?
    3. (Southern Min) your (singular or plural)
    Synonyms[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 4[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“(Mandarin, polite form) you”).
    (This character is a variant form of ).

    Etymology 5[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to cook thoroughly”).
    (This character is recorded in one or more historical dictionaries as an ancient form of ).

    Etymology 6[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“(Cantonese) to think; to consider”).
    (This character is a variant form of ).

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    1. thus; so; in this way
    2. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings[edit]

    Alternative forms[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (im) (hangeul , revised im, McCune–Reischauer im, Yale im)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: nhắm, nhẩm, nhậm, nhẫm

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References[edit]