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From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also:
U+5019, 候
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5019

[U+5018]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+501A]

Translingual

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Stroke order
9 strokes

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 9, +8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人中弓大 (OLNK), four-corner 27234, composition ⿰⿰⿱⿱𠃍 or ⿰⿰⿱⿱)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 108, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 775
  • Dae Jaweon: page 229, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 178, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5019

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. 𫶬
alternative forms 𠋫
𠊱

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɡoːs) : semantic + phonetic (OC *ɡoː), as 𠊱. The component (here in modified form where the first 丿 stroke is omitted and the second 丿 stroke is written as a stroke) is an ancient form of (hóu).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • hiō/hō͘ - literary;
  • hāu - vernacular.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (33)
Final () (137)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter huwH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦəuH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦəuH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣəuH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦəwH/
Li
Rong
/ɣuH/
Wang
Li
/ɣəuH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ɣə̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
hòu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
hau6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
hòu
Middle
Chinese
‹ huwH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɡ]ˁ(r)o-s/
English wait upon

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 5154
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
𠋫
Old
Chinese
/*ɡoːs/

Definitions

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  1. to reconnoitre; to scout
  2. to observe; to survey
  3. to wait for; to await
  4. to respectfully await
  5. to visit; to send one's respects to
  6. to wait on; to attend to; to take care of
  7. to forecast; to predict (by divination)
  8. (historical) scout; lookout; vanguard
  9. (historical) Alternative form of (hòu, fortress)
  10. (historical) official
  11. (historical) posthouse; station
  12. (historical) pentad (ancient time unit composed of five days)
  13. climate; season
  14. omen; sign; portent
  15. (traditional Chinese medicine) to examine (pulse)
  16. (traditional Chinese medicine) medical sign and symptom
  17. (dialectal) to pay for (a bill)

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. climate
  2. season
  3. weather

Readings

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See also

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
こう
Grade: 4
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC huwH). The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(こう) (

  1. (literary) the season, the weather of the current season
Derived terms
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Compounds
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
うかみ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Daijirin-only entry, probable RFD”)

Noun

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(うかみ) (ukami

  1. (obsolete) Alternative spelling of 窺見 (lookout, scout)

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
そうろう
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

, /saburaɸu/ → , /sauraɸu/ → , /soːroː/

A sound shift from (さぶら) (saburau, to serve by one's side), historical さぶらふ. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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(そうろう) (sōrouさうらふ (saurafu)?godan (stem (そうろい) (sōroi), past (そうろっ) (sōrotta))

  1. (archaic) Alternative form of 候う (to serve; to be)
Derived terms
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Compounds
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Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
そろ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

Late-medieval transition from sōrō above.[1]

Pronunciation

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Verb

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(そろ) (soro
(alternative reading hiragana , rōmaji su)
(alternative reading hiragana そう, rōmaji sou, historical hiragana さう)

  1. (archaic) to be; auxiliary used in place of -ある after or when forming a copula
  2. (archaic) to do; auxiliary used in place of -ます after the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, continuative or stem form) of a verb
    • 1939, Takamori Saigō, 遺牘[3]:
      (まこと)可笑(わらうべき)(こと)御座(ござい)(そろ)
      Makoto ni waraubeki koto ni gozaisoro.
      It is verily a laughable thing.
Derived terms
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Etymology 5

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Kanji in this term
ぞうろ
Grade: 4
kun'yomi

, /zauro/ → , /zoːro/

Stem of rendaku form 候う (zōrou), used in compounds. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(ぞうろ) (zōroざうろ (zauro)?

  1. service
  2. doing

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC huwH).

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 기후 (gihu hu))

  1. hanja form? of (climate; season)
  2. hanja form? of (to forecast; to wait)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: hầu, hậu, thoắng

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.