赤

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See also: 亦

赤 U+8D64, 赤
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8D64
← 赣
[U+8D63] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 赥 →
[U+8D65]
⾚ U+2F9A, ⾚
KANGXI RADICAL RED
← ⾙
[U+2F99] 		Kangxi Radicals ⾛ →
[U+2F9B]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

See images of
Radical 155 赤

赤 (Kangxi radical 155, 赤+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 土中弓金 (GLNC), four-corner 40331, composition ⿱土⿻小丿(GTJKV) or ⿱土⿻小丨(H))

  1. Kangxi radical #155, ⾚.

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1213, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36993
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1680, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3506, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8D64

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 赤
Shang Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (赤) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
浾 *sqraː
嚇 *qʰraːɡs, *qʰraːɡ
赦 *hljaɡs
郝 *qʰljaɡ, *kʰljaɡ, *hljaɡ
赫 *qʰraːɡ
爀 *qʰraːɡ
赤 *kʰljaɡ
烾 *kʰljaɡ
螫 *qʰjaːɡ
赥 *qʰleːɡ
捇 *qʰʷreːɡ
焃 *qʰʷreːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 大 (“person, big”) + 火 (“fire”) – the color of fire (a person by a fire).

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 赤
alternative forms 灻
𤆍
烾 ancient

Perhaps from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krak (“blood; red”), whence Tibetan ཁྲག (khrag, “blood”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). Related to 赫 (OC *qʰraːɡ, “bright red”) and possibly 奭 (OC *hjaɡ, “majestic; red”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: cik3 - literary.
Note: ciak1 - in 赤坎.
Note:
  • ciit6 - literary;
  • cah6 - vernacular.
  • Hakka
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
    • Note:
    • chiáh - vernacular (“red and bright” (of gold));
    • chék - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • chhiah - vernacular;
    • chhek/chhiak - literary.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 赤
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 昌 (24)
    Final (韻) 清 (123)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 昌石切
    Baxter tsyhek
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ɕʰiᴇk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ɕʰiæk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/cʰiajk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ɕʰĭɛk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		chi
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		cik1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 赤
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		chì
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsyhek ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[t-qʰ](r)Ak/
    English red

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 赤
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 1477
    Phonetic
    component         		赤
    Rime
    group         		鐸
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		尺
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kʰljaɡ/

    Definitions[edit]

    赤

    1. (literary or poetic) red
      赤字  ―  chìzì  ―  deficit (literally: red figures/numbers)
      赤色的晚霞  ―  chìsè de wǎnxiá  ―  red sunset clouds
    2. (Teochew) brown
    3. loyal; sincere
      赤忱  ―  chìchén  ―  absolutely sincere
    4. empty; bare
      赤貧／赤贫  ―  chìpín  ―  utterly destitute
      赤手空拳  ―  chìshǒukōngquán  ―  with bare hands and fists
    5. to be naked
      赤腳／赤脚  ―  chìjiǎo  ―  to be barefoot
    6. (politics) revolutionary; communist; red
      赤化  ―  chìhuà  ―  to communize; to turn Red
    7. pure gold
    Synonyms[edit]
    • (red):
    Dialectal synonyms of 紅 (“red”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 赤, 紅, 彤
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 紅
    Mandarin Beijing 紅
    Taiwan 紅
    Tianjin 紅
    Tangshan 紅
    Cangzhou 紅
    Baoding 紅
    Shijiazhuang 紅
    Chifeng 紅
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 紅
    Harbin 紅
    Shenyang 紅
    Yantai (Muping) 紅
    Qingdao 紅
    Jinan 紅
    Luoyang 紅
    Wanrong 紅
    Zhengzhou 紅
    Xi'an 紅
    Yinchuan 紅
    Lanzhou 紅
    Xining 紅
    Ürümqi 紅
    Wuhan 紅
    Chengdu 紅
    Chongqing 紅
    Guiyang 紅
    Kunming 紅
    Guilin 紅
    Liuzhou 紅
    Xuzhou 紅
    Yangzhou 紅
    Nanjing 紅
    Hefei 紅
    Nantong 紅
    Malaysia 紅
    Singapore 紅
    Cantonese Guangzhou 紅
    Hong Kong 紅
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 紅
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 紅
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 紅
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 紅
    Macau 紅
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 紅
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 紅
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 紅
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 紅
    Foshan 紅
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 紅
    Foshan (Shunde) 紅
    Foshan (Sanshui) 紅
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 紅
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 紅
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 紅
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 紅
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 紅
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 紅
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 紅
    Taishan 紅
    Kaiping (Chikan) 紅
    Enping (Niujiang) 紅
    Heshan (Yayao) 紅
    Dongguan 紅
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 紅
    Yangjiang 紅
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 紅
    Singapore (Guangfu) 紅
    Gan Nanchang 紅
    Lichuan 紅
    Pingxiang 紅
    Hakka Meixian 紅
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 紅
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 紅
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 紅
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 紅
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 紅
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 紅
    Wengyuan 紅
    Liannan 紅
    Conghua (Lütian) 紅
    Jiexi 紅
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 紅
    Changting 紅
    Wuping (Yanqian) 紅
    Ninghua 紅
    Yudu 紅
    Ningdu 紅
    Tonggu (Sandu) 紅
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 紅
    Dayu 紅
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 紅
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 紅
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 紅
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 紅
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 紅
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 紅
    Hong Kong 紅
    Mengshan (Xihe) 紅
    Luchuan 紅
    Senai (Huiyang) 紅
    Kuching (Hepo) 紅
    Huizhou Jixi 紅
    Shexian 紅
    Jin Taiyuan 紅
    Xinzhou 紅
    Linhe 紅
    Jining 紅
    Hohhot 紅
    Zhangjiakou 紅
    Handan 紅
    Min Bei Jian'ou 紅
    Min Dong Fuzhou 紅
    Min Nan Xiamen 紅
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 紅
    Quanzhou 紅
    Yongchun 紅
    Zhangzhou 紅
    Zhao'an 紅
    Taipei (Wanhua) 紅
    Kaohsiung 紅
    Yilan 紅
    Changhua (Lukang) 紅
    Taichung 紅
    Taichung (Wuqi) 紅
    Tainan 紅
    Taitung 紅
    Hsinchu 紅
    Penghu (Magong) 紅
    Penang (Hokkien) 紅
    Singapore (Hokkien) 紅
    Manila (Hokkien) 紅
    Chaozhou 紅
    Shantou 紅
    Shantou (Chenghai) 紅
    Jieyang 紅
    Haifeng 紅
    Bangkok (Teochew) 紅
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 紅
    Singapore (Teochew) 紅
    Leizhou 紅
    Wenchang 紅
    Haikou 紅
    Singapore (Hainanese) 紅
    Shaojiang Min Shaowu 赤
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 紅
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 紅
    Shehua Fu'an 赤
    Fuding 赤
    Luoyuan 赤
    Sanming 紅
    Shunchang 紅
    Hua'an 紅
    Guixi (Zhangping) 紅
    Cangnan 赤
    Jingning 赤
    Lishui 赤
    Longyou 赤
    Chaozhou 紅
    Fengshun 紅
    Wu Shanghai 紅
    Shanghai (Chongming) 紅
    Suzhou 紅
    Danyang 紅
    Hangzhou 紅
    Ningbo 紅
    Wenzhou 紅
    Jinhua 紅
    Xiang Changsha 紅
    Loudi 紅

    Compounds[edit]

    Descendants[edit]

    • → Proto-Mien: *sekᴰ (“red”)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 赤
    alternative forms 𣤩

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “From 刺?”)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    赤

    1. (Cantonese) painful; aching
      頭赤／头赤 [Cantonese]  ―  tau4 cek3 [Jyutping]  ―  to have a headache
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 疼 (“painful”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 痛, 疼1, 疼痛
    Mandarin Beijing 疼1
    Taiwan 痛
    Tianjin 疼1
    Tangshan 疼1
    Cangzhou 疼1
    Baoding 疼1
    Shijiazhuang 疼1, 痛
    Chifeng 疼1
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 疼1, 痛
    Harbin 疼1
    Shenyang 疼1, 痛
    Yantai (Muping) 痛
    Qingdao 疼1
    Jinan 疼1
    Luoyang 疼1
    Wanrong 疼1
    Zhengzhou 疼1
    Xi'an 疼1
    Yinchuan 疼1
    Lanzhou 疼1
    Xining 疼1
    Ürümqi 疼1
    Wuhan 疼1
    Chengdu 痛, 疼1
    Chongqing 痛
    Guiyang 痛
    Kunming 疼1, 痛
    Guilin 痛
    Liuzhou 痛
    Xuzhou 疼1
    Yangzhou 疼1, 痛
    Nanjing 疼1
    Hefei 疼1
    Nantong 疼1, 痛
    Malaysia 痛, 疼
    Singapore 痛
    Dagudi (Maliba) 疼1
    Reshuitang (Longling) 疼1
    Mae Salong (Lancang) 疼1
    Mae Sai (Tengchong) 疼1
    Cantonese Guangzhou 痛, 赤
    Hong Kong 痛, 赤
    Taishan 赤
    Kaiping (Chikan) 赤
    Yangjiang 痛
    Nanning 痛
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 痛
    Singapore (Guangfu) 痛
    Gan Nanchang 痛
    Hakka Meixian 痛
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 痛
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 痛
    Wengyuan 痛
    Liannan 痛
    Jiexi 疾
    Luhe 痛
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 疾
    Changting 疾
    Wuping (Yanqian) 疾
    Ninghua 疾
    Yudu 痛
    Ningdu 痛
    Tonggu (Sandu) 痛
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 痛
    Dayu 痛
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 痛
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 痛
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 痛
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 痛
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 疾
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 疾
    Hong Kong 痛
    Yangxi (Tangkou) 痛
    Yangchun (Sanjia) 痛
    Xinyi (Sihe) 痛
    Xinyi (Qianpai) 痛
    Gaozhou (Xindong) 痛
    Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 痛
    Huazhou (Xin'an) 痛
    Lianjiang (Shijiao) 痛
    Lianjiang (Qingping) 痛
    Mengshan (Xihe) 痛
    Luchuan 痛
    Senai (Huiyang) 痛
    Kuching (Hepo) 痛
    Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 痛
    Huizhou Jixi 痛
    Shexian 痛
    Jin Taiyuan 疼1
    Xinzhou 疼1
    Linhe 疼1
    Jining 疼1
    Hohhot 疼1
    Zhangjiakou 疼1
    Handan 疼1
    Min Bei Jian'ou 字
    Min Dong Fuzhou 疼2
    Min Nan Xiamen 疼2
    Quanzhou 疼2
    Zhangzhou 疼2
    Tainan 疼2
    Singapore (Hokkien) 疼2
    Manila (Hokkien) 疼2
    Chaozhou 疼2
    Shantou (Chaoyang) 疼2
    Bangkok (Teochew) 疼2
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 疼2
    Singapore (Teochew) 疼2
    Leizhou 疼2
    Wenchang 疼2
    Haikou 疼2
    Singapore (Hainanese) 疼2
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 痛
    Wu Shanghai 痛
    Suzhou 痛
    Danyang 痛
    Hangzhou 痛
    Ningbo 痛
    Wenzhou 痛
    Xiang Changsha 痛
    Shuangfeng 痛

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Stroke order
    7 strokes

    Kanji[edit]

    赤

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. red

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology[edit]

    From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *aka.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    赤
    あか
    Grade: 1
    Alternative spelling
    朱

    赤(あか) • (aka) 

    1. red (color)
    2. communism, socialism
    3. a communist

    Derived terms[edit]

    Prefix[edit]

    赤(あか) • (aka-) 

    1. entirely

    Derived terms[edit]

    See also[edit]

    Colors in Japanese · 色(いろ) (iro) (layout · text)
         白(しろ) (shiro)      灰(はい)色(いろ) (haiiro),
    鼠(ねずみ)色(いろ) (nezumiiro) (dated)     		     黒(くろ) (kuro)
                 赤(あか) (aka); 深(しん)紅(く) (shinku),
    クリムゾン (kurimuzon),
    紅(べに)色(いろ) (beniiro),
    紅(くれない)色(いろ) (kurenaiiro),
    茜(あかね)色(いろ) (akaneiro)     		             オレンジ (orenji),
    橙(だいだい)色(いろ) (daidaiiro); 茶(ちゃ)色(いろ) (chairo),
    褐(かっ)色(しょく) (kasshoku)     		             黄(き)色(いろ) (kiiro); クリーム色(いろ) (kurīmuiro)
                 黄(き)緑(みどり) (kimidori)              緑(みどり) (midori),
    青(あお) (ao) (dated)     		             若緑(わかみどり) (wakamidori)
                 シアン (shian); 鴨(かも)の羽色(はねいろ) (kamo no hane iro)              水(みず)色(いろ) (mizuiro)              青(あお) (ao)
                 菫(すみれ)色(いろ) (sumireiro); 藍(あい)色(いろ) (aiiro),
    インジゴ (injigo)     		             マゼンタ (mazenta); 紫(むらさき) (murasaki)              ピンク (pinku),
    桃(もも)色(いろ) (momoiro)

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    3. ^ 2002, 京阪系アクセント辞典 (A Dictionary of Tone on Words of the Keihan-type Dialects) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Bensei, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    赤 (eumhun 붉을 적 (bulgeul jeok))

    1. Hanja form? of 적 (“red”).

    Kunigami[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    赤

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Etymology[edit]

    Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *aka, from Proto-Japonic *aka.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    赤(はか゚ー) (hakā) 

    1. red

    Miyako[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    赤

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Etymology[edit]

    Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *aka, from Proto-Japonic *aka.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    赤(あか) (aka) 

    1. red

    Northern Amami-Oshima[edit]

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    If it cannot be verified that this term meets our attestation criteria, it will be deleted. Feel free to edit this entry as normal, but do not remove {{rfv}} until the request has been resolved.

    Kanji[edit]

    赤

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Etymology[edit]

    Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *aka, from Proto-Japonic *aka.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    赤(あか) (aka) 

    1. red

    Okinawan[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    赤

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *aka, from Proto-Japonic *aka.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    赤(あか) (aka) 

    1. red

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    赤: Hán Nôm readings: xích

    1. red

    Yaeyama[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    赤

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Etymology[edit]

    Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *aka, from Proto-Japonic *aka.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    赤(あか) (aka) 

    1. red

    Yonaguni[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    赤

    (grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Etymology[edit]

    Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *aka, from Proto-Japonic *aka.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    赤(あが) (aga) 

    1. red
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