狐

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狐 U+72D0, 狐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72D0
← 狏
[U+72CF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 狑 →
[U+72D1]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

狐 (radical 94, 犬+5 in Chinese, 犬+6 in Japanese, 8 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 大竹竹女人 (KHHVO), four-corner 42230, composition ⿰犭瓜)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 708, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20333
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1121, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1340, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+72D0

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 狐
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (瓜) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
瓜 *kʷraː
坬 *kʷraːs
窊 *qʷraː, *qʷraːs
畖 *qʷraː
搲 *qʷraːs
攨 *qʷraːs
孤 *kʷaː
苽 *kʷaː
胍 *kʷaː
泒 *kʷaː
呱 *kʷaː
觚 *kʷaː
柧 *kʷaː
罛 *kʷaː
軱 *kʷaː
菰 *kʷaː
箛 *kʷaː
狐 *ɡʷaː
弧 *ɡʷlaː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡʷaː): semantic 犭 (“dog”) + phonetic 瓜 (OC *kʷraː).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gwa (“fox”). Cognate with Tibetan ཝ (wa, “fox”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • hou5 - vernacular;
  • hu5 - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 狐
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
    Final (韻) 模 (23)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 戸吳切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɦuo/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɦuo/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɣo/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɦɔ/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɣo/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɣu/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ɣuo/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		hú
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		wu4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 狐
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		hú
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ hu ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ɡ]ʷˁa/
    English fox

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 狐
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 4358
    Phonetic
    component         		瓜
    Rime
    group         		魚
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		胡
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ɡʷaː/

    Definitions[edit]

    狐

    1. fox
    2. A surname​.

    Synonyms[edit]

    Dialectal synonyms of 狐狸 (“fox”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 狐
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 狐狸, 狐
    Taxonomic name 狐
    Mandarin Beijing 狐狸
    Taiwan 狐狸
    Ulanhot 狐狸
    Tongliao 狐狸
    Chifeng 狐狸
    Bayanhot 狐狸
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 狐狸
    Harbin 狐狸
    Muping 貔子, 狐狸
    Jinan 貔子, 貔大狐子, 貔狐子, 狐狸
    Luoyang 狐狸
    Wanrong 狐子
    Zhengzhou 狐狸
    Xi'an 狐狸, 狐子
    Yinchuan 狐子
    Lanzhou 野狐
    Xining 野狐兒, 狐狸, 沙狐
    Ürümqi 狐狸
    Wuhan 狐狸
    Chengdu 狐狸, 毛狗
    Guiyang 狐狸, 毛狗
    Guilin 狐狸
    Liuzhou 狐狸
    Xuzhou 狐狸子, 狐狸
    Yangzhou 狐狸, 狸
    Nanjing 狐狸, 大仙 superstitious
    Hefei 狐狸
    Singapore 狐狸
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 狐子
    Cantonese Guangzhou 狐狸
    Hong Kong 狐狸
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 狐狸
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 狐狸
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 狐狸
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 狐狸
    Macau 狐狸
    Panyu 狐狸
    Huadu (Huashan) 狐狸
    Conghua 狐狸
    Zengcheng 狐狸
    Foshan 狐狸
    Nanhai (Shatou) 狐狸
    Shunde 狐狸
    Sanshui 狐狸
    Gaoming (Mingcheng) 狐狸
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 狐狸
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 狐狸
    Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 狐狸
    Doumen 狐狸
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 狐狸
    Xinhui 狐狸
    Taishan 狐狸
    Kaiping (Chikan) 蜢狗
    Enping (Niujiang) 狐狸
    Heshan (Yayao) 狐狸
    Dongguan 狐狸
    Bao'an (Shajing) 狐狸
    Shaoguan 狐狸
    Yunfu 狐狸
    Yangjiang 狐狸
    Xinyi 狐狸
    Lianjiang 狐狸
    Nanning 狐狸
    Wuzhou 狐狸
    Yulin 狐狸
    Hepu (Lianzhou) 狐狸
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 狐狸
    Singapore (Guangfu) 狐狸
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 狐狸
    Gan Nanchang 狐狸
    Lichuan 狐兒
    Pingxiang 狐狸
    Hakka Meixian 狐狸
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 狐狸
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 狐狸
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 狐狸
    Zengcheng (Zhengguo) 狐狸, 禾狸
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 狐狸
    Conghua (Lütian) 狐狸
    Yudu 狐狸子, 狐狸
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 狐狸
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 狐狸, 狐狸仔
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 狐狸
    Dongshi (Dabu) 狐狸
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 狐狸
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 狐狸
    Hong Kong 狐狸
    Luchuan (Daqiao) 狐狸
    Senai (Huiyang) 狐狸
    Singkawang 狐狸
    Huizhou Jixi 狐狸
    Jin Taiyuan 狐子, 狐狸
    Pingyao 狐子
    Xinzhou 狐子
    Taibus (Baochang) 狐狸
    Linhe 狐子
    Jining 狐子
    Hohhot 狐子
    Baotou 狐子
    Dongsheng 狐子
    Haibowan 狐子
    Min Bei Jian'ou 狐狸
    Min Dong Fuzhou 狐狸, 狐狸貓
    Fuqing 野貓
    Min Nan Xiamen 狐狸, 狸貓
    Quanzhou 狐狸, 狸貓
    Zhangzhou 狐狸, 狸貓
    Dongshan 狐狸
    Taipei 狐狸
    Kaohsiung 狐狸
    Yilan 狐狸
    Changhua (Lukang) 狐狸
    Taichung 狐狸
    Taichung (Wuqi) 狐狸
    Tainan 狐狸
    Taitung 狐狸
    Hsinchu 狐狸
    Penghu (Magong) 狐狸
    Penang (Hokkien) 狐狸
    Singapore (Hokkien) 狐狸
    Zhangping (Yongfu) 狸貓
    Datian 狐狸嫲
    Pingnan (Shangdu) 狐狸
    Chaozhou 狐狸
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 狐狸
    Haikou 狐狸
    Puxian Min Putian 狐狸
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 狐狸
    Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 狐狸
    Wu Shanghai 狐狸
    Chongming 狐狸
    Suzhou 狐狸
    Danyang 狐狸
    Hangzhou 狐狸, 大仙 superstitious
    Ningbo 狐狸
    Wenzhou 狐狸
    Jinhua 狐狸
    Xiang Changsha 狐狸, 九尾子
    Shuangfeng 狐狸
    Quanzhou 狐狸精, 狐狸

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 狐

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    狐

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    • Go-on: ぐ (gu); ご (go)
    • Kan-on: こ (ko)
    • Kun: きつね (kitsune, 狐)

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology[edit]

    Wikipedia-logo.png
     狐 on Japanese Wikipedia
    狐 (kitsune): a fox napping in the snow.
    Kanji in this term
    狐
    きつね
    Hyōgaiji
    kun’yomi

    From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.

    Ultimate derivation unknown. There are various theories. The most likely is based on the root form kitsu, which may have originally been onomatopoeic for the sound of a fox's cry.[1] The final ne syllable appeared for certain by the Heian period,[2] but its meaning remains unclear.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    狐(きつね) • (kitsune) 

    1. a fox
      • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki
        狐狼 上扈反, 倭言岐都禰, 又狐諼獸鬼所乘有三徳, 狐疑不定也, 狼音良, 訓, 似犬也, 倭言大神也
      • 1994 July 16, Isao Takahata, 平成狸合戦ぽんぽこ [Heisei Raccoon Dog War Ponpoko], Toho, spoken by Oroku (Nijiko Kiyokawa):
        程(てい)度(ど)の低(ひく)いものは「擬(ぎ)態(たい)」と呼(よ)ばれ、カメレオンなんぞにもできるが、「化(ば)け学(がく)」はオラたち以(い)外(がい)では、キツネと一(いち)部(ぶ)のネコしか身(み)につけておらん‼
        Teido no hikui mono wa “gitai” to yobare, kamereon nanzo ni mo dekiru ga, “bakegaku” wa ora-tachi igai de wa, kitsune to ichibu no neko shika mi ni tsuketeoran‼
        Those lesser kinds like chameleons can make use of “mimicry”, but beside us, only foxes and a few cats can master “metamorphism”‼

    Usage notes[edit]

    As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as キツネ.

    Synonyms[edit]

    Derived terms[edit]

    Derived terms

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1937: Daigenkai (in Japanese). Reissued in 1984. →ISBN
    2. ^ 1998: 『怪異・きつね百物語』 (Yōkai: Kitsune Hyaku Monogatari, “Phantoms: 100 Fox Tales”; in Japanese). Yoshihiko Sasama. →ISBN
    3. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    4. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    5. ^ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 狐 (MC ɦuo).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᅘᅩᆼ (Yale: hhwò)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 여ᅀᅳ (Yale: yèzù) 호 (Yale: hwò)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    狐 (eumhun 여우 호 (yeou ho))

    1. Hanja form? of 호 (“fox”). [affix]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

    Okinawan[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    狐

    (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    狐
    ちちに
    Hyōgaiji
    kun’yomi

    /*kitune/ → /t͡ɕit͡sini/ → /t͡ɕit͡ɕini/

    Cognate with Japanese 狐 (kitsune).

    Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as ちつィに.[1] The phonemes /t͡si/ and /t͡ɕi/ converged in Okinawan during the 20th century.

    Noun[edit]

    狐 (hiragana ちちに, rōmaji chichini, historical hiragana ちつィに)

    1. fox

    Further reading[edit]

    • “ちちに【狐】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1896: 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”). In Japanese. http://kindai.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/992016/30

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    狐: Hán Nôm readings: hồ

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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