狐

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狐 U+72D0, 狐
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72D0
← 狏
[U+72CF]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 狑 →
[U+72D1]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

狐 (radical 94 犬+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 大竹竹女人 (KHHVO), four-corner 42230, composition ⿰犭瓜)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 708, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20333
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1121, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1340, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+72D0

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 狐
Wikipedia has an article on:
• 狐

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (瓜) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
瓜 *kʷraː
坬 *kʷraːs
窊 *qʷraː, *qʷraːs
畖 *qʷraː
搲 *qʷraːs
攨 *qʷraːs
孤 *kʷaː
苽 *kʷaː
胍 *kʷaː
泒 *kʷaː
呱 *kʷaː
觚 *kʷaː
柧 *kʷaː
罛 *kʷaː
軱 *kʷaː
菰 *kʷaː
箛 *kʷaː
狐 *ɡʷaː
弧 *ɡʷlaː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡʷaː): semantic 犭 (“dog”) + phonetic 瓜 (OC *kʷraː).

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 狐
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 模 (23)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 戸吳切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦuo/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦuo/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣo/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦɔ/
Li
Rong		 /ɣo/
Wang
Li		 /ɣu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣuo/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hú
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 狐
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 hú
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hu ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ʷˤa/
English fox

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 狐
Reading # 1/1
No. 4358
Phonetic
component		 瓜
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 胡
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡʷaː/

Definitions[edit]

狐

  1. fox

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 狐

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

狐

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology[edit]

Wikipedia-logo.png
 狐 on Japanese Wikipedia
狐 (kitsune): a fox napping in the snow.
Kanji in this term
狐
きつね
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.

Ultimate derivation unknown. There are various theories. The most likely is based on the root form kitsu, which may have originally been onomatopoeic for the sound of a fox's cry.[1] The final ne syllable appeared for certain by the Heian period,[2] but the meaning of the ne portion remains unclear.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

狐 (hiragana きつね, katakana キツネ, rōmaji kitsune)

  1. a fox
    • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki
      狐狼 上扈反, 倭言岐都禰, 又狐諼獸鬼所乘有三徳, 狐疑不定也, 狼音良, 訓, 似犬也, 倭言大神也
    • 1994 July 16, Nijiko Kiyokawa as Oroku, 平成狸合戦ぽんぽこ [Heisei Raccoon Dog War Ponpoko] (in Japanese), written by Isao Takahata, Toho:
      程 (てい)度 (ど)の低 (ひく)いものは「擬 (ぎ)態 (たい)」と呼 (よ)ばれ、カメレオンなんぞにもできるが、「化 (ば)け学 (がく)」はオラたち以 (い)外 (がい)では、キツネと一 (いち)部 (ぶ)のネコしか身 (み)につけておらん‼
      Teido no hikui mono wa “gitai” to yobare, kamereon nanzo ni mo dekiru ga, “bakegaku” wa ora-tachi igai de wa, kitsune to ichibu no neko shika mi ni tsuketeoran‼
      Those lesser kinds like chameleons can make use of “mimicry”, but beside us, only foxes and a few cats can master “metamorphism”‼

Usage notes[edit]

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as キツネ.

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

References[edit]

  1. ^ 1937: Daigenkai (in Japanese). Reissued in 1984. →ISBN
  2. ^ 1998: 『怪異・きつね百物語』 (Yōkai: Kitsune Hyaku Monogatari, “Phantoms: 100 Fox Tales”; in Japanese). Yoshihiko Sasama. →ISBN
  3. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  5. ^ 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

狐 • (ho) (hangeul 호, revised ho, McCune-Reischauer ho, Yale ho)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Okinawan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

/*kit͡sune/ → /t͡ɕit͡sini/ → /t͡ɕit͡ɕini/

Cognate with mainland Japanese 狐 (kitsune).

Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as ちつィに.[1] The phonemes /t͡si/ and /t͡ɕi/ converged in Okinawan during the 20th century.

Kanji[edit]

狐 (hiragana ちちに, romaji chichini)

Noun[edit]

狐 (hiragana ちちに, romaji chichini, historical hiragana ちつィに)

  1. fox

References[edit]

  1. ^ 1896: 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”). In Japanese. http://kindai.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/992016/30

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

狐 (hồ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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