赤道

Chinese

		red; scarlet; bare red; scarlet; bare; naked	direction; way; method direction; way; method; road; path; principle; truth; reason; skill; Tao (of Taoism); a measure word; to say; to speak; to talk
trad. (赤道)		赤	道
simp. #(赤道)		赤	道

Etymology

“celestial equator”

From the convention in Chinese astronomy to use a red line for the equator. See also 黃道／黄道 (huángdào) and 白道 (báidào).

“equator”

New meaning by Matteo Ricci. (Huang, 2003)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chìdào

  (Zhuyin): ㄔˋ ㄉㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cek³ dou⁶

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhak-tho

  (Hailu, HRS): chag to^˖

• Eastern Min (BUC): chék-dô̤
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhiah-tō / chhiah-tǒ͘ / chhek-tō / chhiak-tǒ͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ciah⁴ dao⁶

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁷tshaq-dau

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chìdào
    • Zhuyin: ㄔˋ ㄉㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chìhdào
    • Wade–Giles: chʻih⁴-tao⁴
    • Yale: chr̀-dàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyhdaw
    • Palladius: чидао (čidao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cek³ dou⁶
    • Yale: chek douh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsek⁸ dou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: cég³ dou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛːk̚³ tou̯²²/
    • Homophones:

      edit edit 尺度 赤道

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhak-tho
    • Hakka Romanization System: cag^ˋ to
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cag⁵ to⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰak̚² tʰo⁵⁵/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: chag to^˖
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰak⁵⁻² tʰo³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chék-dô̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tɔ²⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiah-tō
    • Tâi-lô: tshiah-tō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiahdoi
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tɤ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ to²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ to³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiah-tǒ͘
    • Tâi-lô: tshiah-tǒo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰia(ʔ)⁵ tɔ²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhek-tō
    • Tâi-lô: tshik-tō
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhekdoi
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ to²²/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ to²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiak-tǒ͘
    • Tâi-lô: tshiak-tǒo
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tɔ²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ciah⁴ dao⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiah tău
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiaʔ²⁻⁴ tau³⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁷tshaq-dau
    • MiniDict: tshah^入 dau
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁴tshaq-dau
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰaʔ³³ dɔ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: tsyhek dawX

Rime
Character	赤	道
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	昌 (24)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	昌石切	徒晧切
Baxter	tsyhek	dawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕʰiᴇk̚/	/dɑuX/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/	/dɑuX/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕʰiæk̚/	/dɑuX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cʰiajk̚/	/dawX/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/	/dɑuX/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕʰĭɛk̚/	/dɑuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛk̚/	/dʱɑuX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chi	dào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cik1	dou6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[t-qʰ](r)Ak  [kə.l]ˤuʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰljaɡ  l'uːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	赤	道
Reading #	1/1	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chì	dào
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyhek ›	‹ dawX ›
Old Chinese	/*[t-qʰ](r)Ak/	/*[kə.l]ˁuʔ/
English	red	way
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	赤	道
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	1477	11669
Phonetic component	赤	首
Rime group	鐸	幽
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	尺	道
Old Chinese	/*kʰljaɡ/	/*l'uːʔ/

Noun

赤道

1. (astronomy) celestial equator
2. (geography) equator

Derived terms

• 北赤道海流
• 赤道儀 / 赤道仪
• 赤道幾內亞 / 赤道几内亚
• 赤道幾內亞共和國 / 赤道几内亚共和国
• 赤道洋流
• 赤道無風帶 / 赤道无风带
• 赤道群島 / 赤道群岛
• 赤道雨林
• 赤道雨林氣候 / 赤道雨林气候
• 赤道非洲
• 赤道面

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (赤道):

• → Japanese: 赤道(せきどう) (sekidō)
• → Korean: 적도(赤道) (jeokdo)
• → Vietnamese: xích đạo (赤道)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
赤	道
せき Grade: 1	どう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Etymology

From Literary Chinese.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) せきどー [sèkídóó] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [se̞kʲido̞ː]

Noun

赤(せき)道(どう) • (sekidō) 

1. (geography) equator

Coordinate terms

• 北極線(ほっきょくせん) (Hokkyokusen)
• 北(きた)回(かい)帰(き)線(せん) (Kitakaikisen)
• 南回帰線(みなみかいきせん) (Minamikaikisen)
• 南極線(なんきょくせん) (Nankyokusen)

Derived terms

• 天(てん)の赤(せき)道(どう) (tennosekidō, “celestial equator”)

Related terms

• 黄道(こうどう) (kōdō)
• 緯線(いせん) (isen)
• 経線(けいせん) (keisen)
• 子午線(しごせん) (shigosen)
• 回帰線(かいきせん) (kaikisen)
• 熱(ねっ)帯(たい) (nettai)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja in this term
赤	道

Noun

赤道 • (jeokdo) (hangeul 적도)

1. hanja form^? of 적도 (“equator”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
赤	道

Noun

赤道

1. chữ Hán form of xích đạo (“equator”).