龕

See also: 龛

龕 U+9F95, 龕 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F95 ← 龔 [U+9F94] CJK Unified Ideographs 龖 → [U+9F96]

Translingual

Han character

龕 (Kangxi radical 212, 龍+6, 22 strokes, cangjie input 人口卜月心 (ORYBP), four-corner 8021₁, composition ⿱合龍)

Derived characters

• 㘛

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1537, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48839
• Dae Jaweon: page 2078, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4805, character 16
• Unihan data for U+9F95

Chinese

trad.		龕
simp.		龛
alternative forms		𪚕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 龕
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (合) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
龕	*kʰuːm
媕	*quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb
頜	*ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb
答	*tkuːb
畣	*tkuːb
荅	*tkuːb
嗒	*tuːb, *tʰoːb
褡	*tuːb, *toːb
撘	*tuːb
搭	*tuːb, *tʰoːb
榙	*tkuːb, *ɡuːb
佮	*tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb
蛤	*kuːb
鴿	*kuːb
合	*kuːb, *ɡuːb
郃	*kuːb, *ɡuːb
匌	*kuːb, *kʰuːb
鉿	*kuːb
閤	*kuːb
鞈	*kuːb, *kruːb
韐	*kuːb, *kruːb
鮯	*kuːb
哈	*ŋɡuːb
姶	*quːb, *quːb
欱	*qʰuːb, *qʰruːb
盒	*ɡuːb
耠	*ɡuːb
詥	*ɡuːb
塔	*tʰuːb
鞳	*tʰoːb
劄	*rtuːb
跲	*kruːb, *kob, *ɡob
袷	*kruːb, *ŋkob
餄	*kruːb
恰	*kʰruːb
帢	*kʰruːb
洽	*ɡruːb
祫	*ɡruːb
珨	*ɡruːb
烚	*ɡruːb
歙	*qʰjob, *qʰrub
湁	*tkʰub
拾	*ɡjub
給	*krub
翕	*qʰrub
噏	*qʰrub
潝	*qʰrub
熻	*qʰrub
嬆	*qʰrub
翖	*qʰrub
闟	*qʰrub

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰuːm) : phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb) + semantic 龍.

Duan Yucai consider it a corrupted form of 𪚕: Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰuːm) : phonetic 今 (OC *krɯm) + semantic 龍.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kān (kan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ham¹, am¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khâm
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kham

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kān
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kan
    • Wade–Giles: kʻan¹
    • Yale: kān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kan
    • Palladius: кань (kanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰän⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ham¹, am¹
    • Yale: hām, ām
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ham¹, am¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hem¹, em¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐm⁵⁵/, /ɐm⁵⁵/

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khâm
    • Hakka Romanization System: kam´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kam¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰam²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kham
    • Tâi-lô: kham
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qafm
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰam³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰam⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰam⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: khom

Rime
Character	龕
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	口含切
Baxter	khom
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰʌm/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰəm/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɒm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəm/
Li Rong	/kʰᴀm/
Wang Li	/kʰɒm/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰăm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ham1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰuːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	龕
Reading #	1/1
No.	4940
Phonetic component	合
Rime group	侵
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	龕
Old Chinese	/*kʰuːm/

Definitions

龕

1. shrine; niche
2. Alternative form of 戡 (“to overcome; to suppress”)

Compounds

• 上龕／上龛 (Shàngkān)
• 伊闕佛龕／伊阙佛龛
• 佛龕／佛龛 (fókān)
• 壁龕／壁龛 (bìkān)
• 神龕／神龛 (shénkān)
• 蓮龕／莲龛
• 骨灰龕／骨灰龛
• 龕位／龛位 (kānwèi)
• 龕像／龛像
• 龕場／龛场
• 龕子／龛子
• 龕山／龛山
• 龕影／龛影
• 龕燈／龛灯

 

Japanese

Kanji

龕

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: こん (kon)
• Kan-on: かん (kan)
• Kan’yō-on: がん (gan)
• Kun: ずし (zushi); れい (rei)

Compounds

Compounds

• 移龕(いがん) (igan)
• 開龕(かいがん) (kaigan)
• 龕像(がんぞう) (ganzō)
• 龕灯(がんどう) (gandō)
• 起龕(きがん) (kigan)
• 啓龕(けいがん) (keigan)
• 鎖龕(さがん) (sagan)
• 神龕(しんがん) (shingan)
• 石龕(せきがん) (sekigan)
• 入龕(にゅうがん) (nyūgan)
• 仏龕(ぶつがん) (butsugan)
• 壁龕(へきがん) (hekigan): niche
• 竜龕手鑑(りゅうがんしゅかん) (ryūganshukan)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
龕
がん Hyōgaiji
kan’yōon

From Middle Chinese 龕 (MC khom), later corrupted with voicing.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) が​ん [gáꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɡã̠ɴ]

Noun

龕(がん) • (gan) 

1. alcove for an image

Korean

Hanja

龕 • (gam) (hangeul 감, revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)

1. niche, shrine