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U+8499, 蒙
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8499

[U+8498]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+849A]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 140, +10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿月一人 (TBMO), four-corner 44232, composition or 𫇦)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1048, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31555
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1509, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3271, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+8499

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *moːŋ) : semantic (grass) + phonetic (OC *moːŋ)

Etymology 1

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trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. 𰰡
alternative forms ⿱𫇦二 2nd round simp. (1981)

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *muːŋ ~ r/s-muːk (foggy; dark; sullen; menacing; thunder).

Pronunciation 1

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Note: mou5 - variant.
Note: 1'mon = ~眼睛.
Note: mung2 - only in 蒙古 (“Mongolia”).

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (4)
Final () (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter muwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/muŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/muŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/muŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/məwŋ/
Li
Rong
/muŋ/
Wang
Li
/muŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/muŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
méng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mung4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
méng
Middle
Chinese
‹ muwng ›
Old
Chinese
/*mˁoŋ/
English cover (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 8969
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*moːŋ/
Definitions
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  1. dodder (Cuscuta chinensis)
  2. to cover
    手帕手帕  ―  yòng shǒupà méng zhe liǎn  ―  to cover one's face with a handkerchief
  3. to deceive; to hide the truth from
  4. to suffer
      ―  méngnàn  ―  to suffer a catastrophe
      ―  méngxiū  ―  to be ashamed
  5. (honorific) to receive (a favour)
    俯允不勝感激 [MSC, trad.]
    俯允不胜感激 [MSC, simp.]
    méng fǔyǔn, bùshèng gǎnjī. [Pinyin]
    I would be most grateful if the favour is granted.
  6. ignorant
      ―  méng  ―  to impart rudimentary knowledge to beginners
      ―  méngmèi  ―  ignorant; benighted
  7. fourth hexagram of the I Ching
  8. a surname
    [Cantonese]  ―  mung4 man4 wai5 [Jyutping]  ―  William Mong Man-wai (Hong Kong businessman)
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions
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  1. to lose consciousness
      ―  bǎ tā gěi dǎ mēng le  ―  to knock him out

Etymology 2

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trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. 𰰡

Pronunciation

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Note: mou5 - variant.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (4)
Final () (1)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter muwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/muŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/muŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/muŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/məwŋ/
Li
Rong
/muŋ/
Wang
Li
/muŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/muŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
méng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mung4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
méng
Middle
Chinese
‹ muwng ›
Old
Chinese
/*mˁoŋ/
English cover (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 8969
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*moːŋ/

Definitions

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  1. Short for 蒙古 (Měnggǔ, “Mongolia”). Specifically, it can mean the country of Mongolia, or Inner Mongolia of China, or terms related to Mongols.
    邊界边界  ―  Zhōng Měng biānjiè  ―  Sino-Mongolian border
    滿聯姻联姻  ―  Mǎn Měng liányīn  ―  Intermarriage between Manchus and Mongols
Compounds
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Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“drizzling, misty, raining”).
(This character is the simplified form of ).
Notes:

Etymology 4

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“honest; sincere; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified form of ).
Notes:

Compounds

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Etymology 5

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to cheat; to deceive; to dupe; to make a wild guess; etc.”).
(This character is the simplified form of ).
Notes:

Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

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Compounds

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Kanji in this term
もう
Jinmeiyō
kan'yōon

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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(もう) (

  1. humble first-person personal pronoun; I, me
    • c. 1368-1375 Taiheiki (preface)
      窃採古今之変化、察安危之来由、覆而無外天之徳也。

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun 입을 (ibeul mong))

  1. hanja form? of (cover, ignorant)
  2. hanja form? of (suffer)
  3. hanja form? of (Mongolia)

Tày

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Noun

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(mùng)

  1. Nôm form of mùng (top, roof).

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: mông, mong, mòng, mỏng, muống

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.