公家
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Chinese[edit]
just; honourable; public just; honourable; public; common; fair; duke; mister |
home; family; ‑ist home; family; ‑ist; ‑er; ‑ian; measure word for stores and schools | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (公家) | 公 | 家 | |
simp. #(公家) | 公 | 家 | |
anagram | 家公 |
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Adjective[edit]
公家
Antonyms[edit]
Noun[edit]
公家
- the state
- the public
- imperial family
- royal court; imperial court; imperial household; imperial government
Synonyms[edit]
- (royal court):
Descendants[edit]
Pronunciation 2[edit]
Verb[edit]
公家
Adverb[edit]
公家
- (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) jointly; together
- 公家出 ― kongke chhut ― (everyone) pay together
Japanese[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 家 |
く Grade: 2 |
け > げ Grade: 2 |
goon |
Alternative spelling |
---|
公卿 |
/kuᵑ ke/ → /kuɡe/
From Middle Chinese 公家 (MC kuwng kae).
The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) reading, so likely the earlier borrowing from Middle Chinese. Compare modern Mandarin 公家 (gōngjiā, “the state, the public”).
The meaning in Japanese developed from “great house, great family” to then signify “the imperial family”, then by extension the courtiers, and again the nobility.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms
- 公家悪 (kugeaku)
- 公家荒れ (kugeare)
- 公家華族 (kuge kazoku)
- 公家方 (kugegata)
- 公家故実 (kuge kojitsu)
- 公家詞 (kugekotoba)
- 公家侍 (kugezamurai)
- 公家衆 (kugeshū)
- 公家被官 (kuge hikan)
- 公家屋敷 (kuge yashiki)
- 公家読み (kugeyomi)
- 青公家 (aokuge)
- 糟公家 (kasukuge)
- 禁中並公家諸法度 (kinchū narabi ni kuge shohatto)
- 相馬公家 (Sōma kuge)
- 鍋取り公家 (nabetori kuge)
- 生公家 (namakuge)
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 家 |
こう Grade: 2 |
か Grade: 2 |
kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 公家 (MC kuwng kae). The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.
Rarely used.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 家 |
こう Grade: 2 |
け Grade: 2 |
kan’on | goon |
Mixed reading, using the 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) for 公 and the 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) for 家.
Rarely used.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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- zh:Monarchy
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