中国

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See also: 中國

Chinese[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of – see 中國 (“middle country; central country; China; etc.”).
(This term is the simplified form of 中國).
Notes:

Japanese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
ちゅう
Grade: 1
こく > ごく
Grade: 2
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
中國 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok, literally “central country”). Compare modern Cantonese 中國中国 (zung1 gwok3). Attested from at least the 12th century.[1]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Where the "China" sense first attested in a Japanese document?”)

Proper noun[edit]

(ちゅう)(ごく) (Chūgoku

  1. China
    1. (historical or contemporary) any of several kingdoms, empires, or states of the Chinese people
      Hyponyms: (In), (Shū), (Shin), (Kan), (), 中華民国 (Chūka Minkoku)
      • c. 1120, Konjaku monogatari shū [Tales of Times Now Past], scroll 6:
        (つく)(まつ)れる(すがた)()るに、(ちゅう)(ごく)には()()ず、(めん)[めう]()(こく)()たり。
        Tsukuri matsureru sugata o miru ni, Chūgoku ni wa fu-nizu, men[meu] kokoku ni nitari.
        Judging from the appearance [of the statue], it is not unlike those in China, though the face resembles the northern nations.
    2. (especially in contemporary usage) short for 中華人民共和国 (Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku), the People's Republic of China
      • 1998 November 30 [1990 November 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, のび()とアニマル惑星(プラネット) (大長編ドラえもん; 10), 22nd edition, volume 10 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 27:
        クニ?クニってなあに。
        Kuni? Kuni tte nāni.
        Country? What’s a country?
        アメリカとか(ちゅう)(ごく)とかいろいろあるじゃない。
        Amerika toka Chūgoku toka iroiro aru ja nai.
        You know, countries. There are a bunch of them like America and China.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
ちゅう
Grade: 1
こく > ごく
Grade: 2
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
中國 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 中國 (MC trjuwng kwok). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

Analyzable as a compound of (chū, center, middle) +‎ (koku, province). The koku changes to goku as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

(ちゅう)(ごく) (chūgoku

  1. the central part of a country, historically, commonly known as the capital city or the main region, where an emperor or other ruler resides
  2. something within a country
  3. (historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the third rank according to a four-rank system based on population and area
  4. (historical) under the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system, a province of the second rank according to the distance from the capital city
  5. collective term for the 山陽道 (San'yōdō) and 山陰道 (San'indō) regions of Japan
Derived terms[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

(ちゅう)(ごく) (Chūgoku

  1. Short for 中国地方 (Chūgoku chihō): the Chūgoku region of Japan

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
なか
Grade: 1
くに
Grade: 2
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
中國 (kyūjitai)

From (naka, center, middle) +‎ (kuni, country).

Proper noun[edit]

(なか)(くに) (Nakakuni

  1. a surname

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Zhuang[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

中国

  1. Sawndip form of Cunghgoz