近
Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Contents
Translingual[edit]
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 |
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Han character[edit]
近 (radical 162 辵+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 卜竹一中 (YHML), four-corner 32302, composition ⿰辶斤)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1254, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38752
- Dae Jaweon: page 1736, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3819, character 12
- Unihan data for U+8FD1
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
近 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): kan5, gan6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiun / khiûn
- Min Dong (BUC): gê̤ṳng
- Min Nan (POJ): kūn / kǔn / kīn / kīrn
- Wu (Wiktionary): jjin (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄣˋ
- Wade-Giles: chin4
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinn
- IPA (key): /t͡ɕin⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: kan5, gan6
- Yale: káhn, gahn
- Cantonese Pinyin: kan5, gan6
- IPA (key): /kʰɐn¹³/, /kɐn²²/
- Note: kan5 - vernacular; gan6 - literary.
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiun / khiûn
- Hakka Romanization System: kiun / kiun´
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiun4 / kiun1
- IPA: /kʰi̯un⁵⁵/, /kʰi̯un²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gê̤ṳng
- IPA (key): /køyŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kūn
- Tâi-lô: kūn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kun
- IPA (Xiamen): /kun²²/
- IPA (Taipei): /kun³³/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kīrn
- Tâi-lô: kīrn
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kīn
- Tâi-lô: kīn
- Phofsit Daibuun: kin
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /kin²²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /kin³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kǔn
- Tâi-lô: kǔn
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kun²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: jjin (T3)
- IPA (key): /d̥͡ʑɪɲ²³/
- (Shanghainese)
-
Dialectal data▼
| Variety | Location | 近 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕin⁵¹/ |
| Harbin | /t͡ɕin⁵³/ | |
| Tianjin | /t͡ɕin⁵³/ | |
| Jinan | /t͡ɕiẽ²¹/ | |
| Qingdao | /t͡ɕiə̃⁴²/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕin³¹²/ | |
| Xi'an | /t͡ɕiẽ⁴⁴/ | |
| Xining | /t͡ɕiə̃²¹³/ | |
| Yinchuan | /t͡ɕiŋ¹³/ | |
| Lanzhou | /t͡ɕĩn¹³/ | |
| Ürümqi | /t͡ɕiŋ²¹³/ | |
| Wuhan | /t͡ɕin³⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /t͡ɕin¹³/ | |
| Guiyang | /t͡ɕin²¹³/ | |
| Kunming | /t͡ɕĩ¹/ | |
| Nanjing | /t͡ɕin⁴⁴/ | |
| Hefei | /t͡ɕin⁵³/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕiəŋ⁴⁵/ |
| Pingyao | /t͡ɕiŋ³⁵/ | |
| Hohhot | /t͡ɕĩŋ⁵⁵/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /d͡ʑin³¹/ | |
| Hangzhou | /d͡ʑin¹³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /d͡ʑaŋ³⁵/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiʌ̃³⁵/ |
| Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰin²⁴/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕin¹¹/ |
| Xiangtan | /d͡ʑin²¹/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰin²¹/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiun⁴⁴/ 好～ /kʰiun⁵³/ ～來 |
| Taoyuan | /kʰuŋ²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kɐn²²/ |
| Nanning | /kʰɐn²⁴/ /kɐn²²/ |
|
| Hong Kong | /kɐn²²/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Min Nan) | /kun²²/ |
| Fuzhou (Min Dong) | /køyŋ²⁴²/ | |
| Jian'ou (Min Bei) | /kyiŋ⁴⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Min Nan) | /kɯŋ³⁵/ | |
| Haikou (Min Nan) | /kin³³/ |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 近 | 近 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Initial (聲) | 群 (30) | 群 (30) |
| Final (韻) | 欣 (57) | 欣 (57) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Departing (H) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 其謹切 | 巨靳切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ɡɨnX/ | /ɡɨnH/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ɡɨnX/ | /ɡɨnH/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ɡiənX/ | /ɡiənH/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/gɨnX/ | /gɨnH/ |
| Li Rong |
/ɡiənX/ | /ɡiənH/ |
| Wang Li |
/ɡĭənX/ | /ɡĭənH/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/gi̯ənX/ | /gi̯ənH/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
jìn | jìn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 近 | 近 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
jìn | jìn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ gjɨnX › | ‹ gjɨnH › |
| Old Chinese |
/*N-kərʔ/ | /*s-N-kərʔ-s/ |
| English | near | be near to (v.t.) |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 近 | 近 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 6659 | 6660 |
| Phonetic component |
斤 | 斤 |
| Rime group |
文 | 文 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
近 | 近 |
| Old Chinese |
/*ɡɯnʔ/ | /*ɡɯns/ |
Definitions[edit]
近
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 近
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
近
- nearby, close
Readings[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- A surname.
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
近 • (geun) (hangeul 근, McCune-Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Categories:
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- Japanese kanji read as こん
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