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欣

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 忻
欣 U+6B23, 欣
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B23
← 欢
[U+6B22] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 欤 →
[U+6B24]

Translingual

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Han character

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欣 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+4, 8 strokes, Cangjie input 竹中弓人 (HLNO), four-corner 77282, composition ⿰斤欠)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 566, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16008
  • Dae Jaweon: page 954, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2135, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+6B23

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 欣
alternative forms 訢／䜣
忻
惞

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (斤) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蘄 *ɡɯ, *kɯl, *ɡɯn
祈 *ɡɯl
頎 *ɡɯl
旂 *ɡɯl
圻 *ɡɯl, *ŋɡɯːn, *ŋɡɯn
蚚 *ɡɯl, *ɡɯːls
岓 *ɡɯl
玂 *ɡɯl
沂 *ŋɡɯl
掀 *qʰan
釿 *ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋkɯn
齗 *ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋɡɯn
听 *ŋɡrɯnʔ, *ŋɡɯnʔ
垽 *ŋrɯns, *qɯns
斤 *kɯn, *kɯns
菦 *kɯnʔ
靳 *kɯns
劤 *kɯns
勁 *kɯns, *keŋs
赾 *kʰɯnʔ
芹 *ɡɯn
近 *ɡɯnʔ, *ɡɯns
斦 *ŋɡɯn
欣 *qʰɯn
忻 *qʰɯn
昕 *qʰɯn
訢 *qʰɯn
炘 *qʰɯn, *qʰɯns
邤 *qʰɯn
庍 *qʰɯns, *mpreːɡs
焮 *qʰɯns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *qʰɯn): phonetic 斤 (OC *kɯn, *kɯns) + semantic 欠.

Etymology 1

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Probably from the same word family as 喜 (OC *qʰlɯʔ) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • hin - literary;
  • him/herm - vernacular.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: heng1 / hng1 / hêng1 / hing1
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hṳng / hng / heng / hing
      • Sinological IPA (key): /hɯŋ³³/, /hŋ³³/, /heŋ³³/, /hiŋ³³/
Note:
  • heng1 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
  • hng1 - Chaozhou;
  • hêng1 - Jieyang;
  • hing1 - Chaoyang.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 欣
Mandarin Beijing /ɕin⁵⁵/
Harbin /ɕin⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ɕin²¹/
Jinan /ɕiẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /siə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ɕin²⁴/
Xi'an /ɕiẽ²¹/
Xining /ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ɕĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /ɕin⁵⁵/
Chengdu /ɕin⁵⁵/
Guiyang /ɕin⁵⁵/
Kunming /ɕĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ɕin³¹/
Hefei /ɕin²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕiəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕiŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ɕĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɕiŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /ɕin⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ɕin³³/
Wenzhou /ɕaŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /ɕiʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /ɕin³³/
Xiangtan /ɕin³³/
Gan Nanchang /ɕin⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /hiun⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /huŋ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐn⁵³/
Nanning /jɐn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jɐn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /him⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hyŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xeiŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /hɯŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hin²³/
/huaŋ²³/ 訓歡
Rime
Character 欣
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 曉 (32)
Final (韻) 欣 (57)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 許斤切
Baxter xj+n
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/hɨn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/hɨn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/xiən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/hɨn/
Li
Rong 		/xiən/
Wang
Li 		/xĭən/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/xi̯ən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xīn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 欣
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xīn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ xjɨn ›
Old
Chinese 		/*qʰər/
English rejoice

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 欣
Reading # 1/1
No. 6665
Phonetic
component 		斤
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		欣
Old
Chinese 		/*qʰɯn/

Definitions

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欣

  1. happy; joyous; delighted
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to submit willingly; to submit happily
  3. used in 欣欣 (xīnxīn, “lush”)
  4. a surname

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 欣 – see 鑫 (“abundant in wealth; prosperous”).
(This character is the second-round simplified form of 鑫).
Notes:

References

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  • “欣”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “欣”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 237.

Japanese

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Kanji

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欣

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. to rejoice
    Synonym: 忻

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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欣 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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欣: Hán Việt readings: hân[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
欣: Nôm readings: hơn[1][2][3][4][5][7][8][9], hoen[3][4], hớn[3], hăn[8]

  1. chữ Hán form of hân (“(in compounds) happy; joyous”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of hơn (“more; -er; better”)

Compounds

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Takeuchi (1988).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hồ (1976).
  6. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Bonet (1899).
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  9. ^ Génibrel (1898).
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