聖

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See also: 圣
聖 U+8056, 聖
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8056
← 聕
[U+8055] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 聗 →
[U+8057]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

聖 (Kangxi radical 128, 耳+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 尸口竹土 (SRHG), four-corner 16104, composition ⿱𦔻𡈼)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 967, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29074
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1415, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2789, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8056

Chinese[edit]

trad. 聖
simp. 圣*
alternative forms
 
琞
𠄵 ancient
𦕡 ancient
䎴
垩
琞
𠄵 ancient
𦕡 ancient
䎴
垩
圣
𦔻
𡑺
𨲚
𨲢
𤦨

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (聖) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
檉 *l̥ʰeŋ
蟶 *l̥ʰeŋ
聖 *hljeŋs
聽 *l̥ʰeːŋ, *l̥ʰeːŋs
廳 *l̥ʰeːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hljeŋs): semantic 耳 (“ear”) + phonetic 呈 (OC *rleŋ, *l'eŋs). Compare 聽.

Etymology[edit]

Likely related to 聽 (OC *l̥ʰeːŋ, “to hear; to listen”), 聲 (OC *qʰjeŋ, “sound”) (Boltz, 1994). If derived directly from 聲 (OC *qʰjeŋ, “sound”), it would literally mean “to be renowned; someone who is renowned” (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • séng - literary;
  • siáng - vernacular (“propitious; efficacious”).
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • sèng - literary;
    • siàⁿ - vernacular.
    Note: sêng3 - only used in 聖杯 and 聖珓.
    Rime
    Character 聖
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 書 (26)
    Final (韻) 清 (121)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 式正切
    Baxter syengH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ɕiᴇŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ɕiɛŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ɕiæŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ɕiajŋH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ɕiɛŋH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ɕĭɛŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ɕi̯ɛŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		shèng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sing3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 聖
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		shèng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ syengH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*l̥eŋ-s/
    English sage (n.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 聖
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 11391
    Phonetic
    component         		聖
    Rime
    group         		耕
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		聖
    Old
    Chinese         		/*hljeŋs/
    Notes 甲金文象人張耳對口會耳聰意，
    非呈聲

    Definitions[edit]

    聖

    1. noble
    2. holy; sacred
    3. saint; sage
    4. (specifically) Confucius
    5. master; professional
    6. emperor; king
    7. (honorific) form of address for the respected
    8. (Min Dong) propitious; efficacious; favouring; (of a god) able to protect

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 聖

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai 聖
    Kyūjitai
    [1][2]
    聖󠄁
    聖+&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    聖󠄃
    聖+&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji[edit]

    聖

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. holy, sacred

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Compound of 日 (hi, “day, light, the sun”) +‎ 知り (shiri, “knowing”). The shiri changes to jiri due to rendaku (連濁).

    Noun[edit]

    聖(ひじり) • (hijiri) 

    1. a very virtuous or godly person; a saint
    2. (honorific) the emperor
    3. a sage
    4. an expert; someone distinguished in their field
    5. a virtuous or high-ranking Buddhist priest or monk
    6. a Buddhist priest or monk in general
    7. a monk who has gone into seclusion for purposes of asceticism and spiritual enlightenment
    8. a monk who has adopted an itinerant lifestyle for purposes of asceticism and spiritual enlightenment, supporting themselves by gathering alms and food contributions; by extension, an itinerant preacher monk from Mount Kōya
    9. (euphemistic) alternate name for 清酒 (seishu, “refined sake”)
    10. a textile peddler (from the resemblance to itinerant 高野聖 (Kōya hijiri) Buddhist preachers who would carry everything on their backs)
    Synonyms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 聖 (MC ɕiᴇŋH).

    Adjective[edit]

    聖(せい) • (sei) †-nari

    1. holy, sacred

    Noun[edit]

    聖(せい) • (sei) 

    1. a saint; a holy person
    2. holiness, sacredness
    3. (euphemistic) alternate name for 清酒 (seishu, “refined sake”)

    Affix[edit]

    聖(せい) • (sei) 

    1. (Brazil) Short for 聖州 (“São Paulo (a state of Brazil)”). or Short for 聖市 (“São Paulo (a municipality, the state capital of São Paulo, Brazil)”).

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Phono-semantic matching of English saint, from Latin sanctus.

    Prefix[edit]

    聖(せい) • (sei-) 

    1. (Catholicism) prefix added to the names of saints

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Jukujikun.

    Proper noun[edit]

    聖(たかし) • (Takashi) 

    1. a male given name

    Etymology 5[edit]

    Jukujikun.

    Proper noun[edit]

    聖(さとし) • (Satoshi) 

    1. a male given name

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 1927, 新漢和辭典 (Shin Kanwa Jiten, “The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 980 (paper), page 503 (digital), Ōsaka: 松雲堂 (Shōundō)
    2. ^ 1914, 漢和大辭書 (Kanwa Dai Jisho, “The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary”) (in Japanese), page 1731 (paper), page 917 (digital), Tōkyō: 興文社 (Kōbunsha)

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    聖 (eumhun 성스러울 성 (seongseureoul seong))

    1. Hanja form? of 성 (“holy, saint, sacred”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    聖: Hán Việt readings: thánh
    聖: Nôm readings: thánh

    Adjective[edit]

    聖

    1. chữ Hán form of thánh (“holy, saint, sacred”).

    Noun[edit]

    聖

    1. chữ Hán form of thánh (“saint”).

    References[edit]

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