基督

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Chinese

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phonetic
simp. and trad.
(基督)

Etymology

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First attested in the manuscripts of French Catholic missionary Jean Basset's (c. 1662–1707) Classical Chinese translation of the New Testament, and possibly abbreviated from the pre-existing translation 基利斯督. Although Basset's manuscripts were not widely circulated, they were consulted by British Protestant missionary Robert Morrison, who used 基督 in his own Chinese translations of the Bible in the early 19th century. The term 基督 subsequently gained popularity and replaced other tetrasyllabic translations of "Christ" (e.g. 基利斯督) in the mid-19th century.[1]

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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基督

  1. Christ

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ 松田裕 (1982) “宛字「基督」考”, in 国語学, pages 44–51

Japanese

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Kanji in this term
キリスト
Grade: 5
(ateji)
Grade: S
(ateji)
jukujikun

Etymology

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Imported by Jesuit scribes from Jesuit translations into Chinese,[1] coined originally in Chinese texts as an abbreviation of transcription 基利斯督 (originally Kirishito in Japanese phonology, later shifting in Japanese to Kirisuto).[1] First attested in the 1590s.[1]

This spelling was standard until roughly the mid-Meiji era (1890s), since which time the katakana spelling キリスト has become more common.[1]

Definitions

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For pronunciation and definitions of 基督 – see the following entry.
キリスト
[proper noun] Christ
(This term, 基督, is an alternative spelling (ateji) of the above term.)

Descendants

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  • Korean: 기독 (Gidok)
  • Vietnamese: Cơ đốc

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 基督”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

Korean

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Hanja in this term

Proper noun

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基督 (Gidok) (hangeul 기독)

  1. hanja form? of 기독 (Christ)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Proper noun

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基督

  1. chữ Hán form of Cơ đốc (Christ).