眾人

See also: 众人

Chinese

	numerous; multitude; crowd	man; person; people
trad. (眾人/衆人)	眾/衆	人
simp. (众人)	众	人
alternative forms	眾儂／众侬 Min vernacular 衆𠆧／众𠆧 Eastern Min vernacular

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhòngrén

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄖㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zung³ jan⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chung-ngìn
Eastern Min (BUC): cé̤ṳng-nè̤ng / cé̤ṳng-ìng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chèng-lâng / chiòng-jîn / chiòng-lîn

(Teochew, Peng'im): zêng³ nang⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhòngrén
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄖㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhòngrén
  - Wade–Giles: chung⁴-jên²
  - Yale: jùng-rén
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jonqren
  - Palladius: чжунжэнь (čžunžɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zung³ jan⁴
  - Yale: jung yàhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzung³ jan⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: zung³ yen⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³³ jɐn²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chung-ngìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: zung ngin^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zung⁴ ngin²
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suŋ⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cé̤ṳng-nè̤ng / cé̤ṳng-ìng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡syŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ nˡøyŋ⁵³/, /t͡syŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^(Ø-)ŋiŋ⁵³/

Note:

cé̤ṳng-nè̤ng - vernacular;
cé̤ṳng-ìng - literary.

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-lâng
  - Tâi-lô: tsìng-lâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zeanglaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ laŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ laŋ²³/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng-jîn
  - Tâi-lô: tsiòng-jîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciorngjiin
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡siɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ zin²³/
- (Hokkien: Taipei)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng-lîn
  - Tâi-lô: tsiòng-lîn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciorngliin
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡siɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ lin²⁴/

Note:

Taiwan:
- chèng-lâng - vernacular;
- chiòng-jîn/chiòng-lîn - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: zêng³ nang⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsèng nâng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ naŋ⁵⁵/

Note: zêng3 nang5 - vernacular.

Middle Chinese: tsyuwngH nyin

Rime
Character	眾	人
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	章 (23)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	東 (2)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	之仲切	如鄰切
Baxter	tsyuwngH	nyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ɕɨuŋ^H/	/ȵiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡ɕiuŋ^H/	/ȵin/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ɕiuŋ^H/	/ȵʑjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/cuwŋ^H/	/ȵin/
Li Rong	/t͡ɕiuŋ^H/	/ȵiĕn/
Wang Li	/t͡ɕĭuŋ^H/	/ȵʑĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡ɕi̯uŋ^H/	/ȵʑi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhòng	rén
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung³	jan⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*tuŋ-s ni[ŋ]/

(Zhengzhang): /*tjuŋs njin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	眾	人
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhòng	rén
Middle Chinese	‹ tsyuwng^H ›	‹ nyin ›
Old Chinese	/*tuŋ-s/	/*ni[ŋ]/
English	numerous	(other) person
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	眾	人
Reading #	2/2	1/1
No.	17491	10800
Phonetic component	衆	人
Rime group	終	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	衆	仁
Old Chinese	/*tjuŋs/	/*njin/
Notes	甲文象日下三人，金文或改目下，表衆人在監督下勞作

Noun

眾人

everybody; everyone
眾人的眼光／众人的眼光 ― zhòngrén de yǎnguāng ― all eyes; public gaze
- 舉世皆濁我獨清，眾人皆醉我獨醒。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  举世皆浊我独清，众人皆醉我独醒。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE
  Jǔshì jiē zhuó wǒ dú qīng, zhòngrén jiē zuì wǒ dú xǐng. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(Classical) normal people; ordinary people; commoner
- 君子之所為，眾人固不識也。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, trad.]
  君子之所为，众人固不识也。 [Traditional Chinese poetry, simp.]
  From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE
  Jūnzǐ zhī suǒ wèi, zhòngrén gù bù shí yě. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(Classical, historical) serf (in the Shang and Zhou dynasties)
- 命我眾人，庤乃錢鎛。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
  命我众人，庤乃钱镈。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Mìng wǒ zhòngrén, zhì nǎi qiánbó. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

(everybody):

edit

一體 / 一体 (yītǐ)
人人 (rénrén)
儕儕 / 侪侪 (Hakka)
各人 (gèrén)
大夥 / 大伙 (dàhuǒ) (colloquial)
大家
大家夥 / 大家伙 (dàjiāhuǒ) (colloquial)
所有人 (suǒyǒurén)
所有的人 (suǒyǒu de rén)
每人 (měirén)
每儕 / 每侪 (Hakka)
逐人 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
逐個 / 逐个 (Hokkien)
逐個人 / 逐个人 (Hokkien)
逐儕 / 逐侪 (Hakka)
逐股 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)

(normal people):

edit

一般人 (yībānrén)
世人 (shìrén)
世間人 / 世间人 (Hokkien)
人士 (rénshì) (literary)
人民 (rénmín)
人群 (rénqún)
人萌 (rénméng) (literary)
俗人 (súrén)
俗子 (súzǐ) (literary)
𫣆人 (Hakka)
兆民 (zhàomín) (archaic)
公眾 / 公众 (gōngzhòng)
凡人 (fánrén)
凡夫 (fánfū) (literary)
匹夫 (pǐfū) (literary)
四眾人 / 四众人 (si³ zing³ nang⁵) (Teochew)
士人 (shìrén) (archaic)
大眾 / 大众 (dàzhòng)
子民 (zǐmín) (historical)
家人 (jiārén) (archaic)
布衣 (bùyī) (historical)
常人 (chángrén)
平人 (píngrén) (literary)
平常人 (píngchángrén)
平民 (píngmín)
庶人 (shùrén) (literary)
庶民 (shùmín) (literary)
斯人 (sīrén) (Classical Chinese)
普通人 (pǔtōngrén)
民人 (mínrén) (literary)
民眾 / 民众 (mínzhòng)
烝民 (zhēngmín) (literary)
烝黎 (zhēnglí) (Classical Chinese)
白衣 (báiyī) (historical)
白衣人 (báiyīrén) (historical)
白身 (báishēn) (archaic)
白身人 (báishēnrén) (archaic)
百姓
萬姓 / 万姓 (wànxìng) (archaic)
群眾 / 群众 (qúnzhòng)
老百姓 (lǎobǎixìng)
良人 (liángrén) (literary)
草民 (cǎomín) (the worthless ordinary people)
草菅 (cǎojiān) (Classical Chinese, figurative)
草野 (cǎoyě) (literary, figurative)
萌 (literary)
野人 (yěrén) (archaic)
黎庶 (líshù) (literary)
黎民 (límín) (literary)
黎首 (líshǒu) (archaic)
黔首 (qiánshǒu) (archaic)
黔黎 (archaic)

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (眾人):

→ Japanese: 衆(しゅう)人(じん) (shūjin)
→ Korean: 중인(眾人) (jung'in)

Pronunciation 2

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chèng-lâng / chiòng-lâng

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chèng-lâng
  - Tâi-lô: tsìng-lâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zeanglaang
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ laŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiòng-lâng
  - Tâi-lô: tsiòng-lâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciornglaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡siɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ laŋ¹³/

Adverb

眾人

(Southern Min) in public

Synonyms

當眾／当众 (dāngzhòng)
(Hokkien) 當眾人面／当众人面