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吹

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 欥
吹 U+5439, 吹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5439
← 吸
[U+5438] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 吺 →
[U+543A]

Translingual

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Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character

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吹 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, Cangjie input 口弓人 (RNO), four-corner 67082, composition ⿰口欠)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 179, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3373
  • Dae Jaweon: page 397, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 593, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5439

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 吹
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (吹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
吹 *kʰjol, *kʰjols
炊 *kʰjol
焁 *qʰral, *qʰel

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 口 (“mouth”) + 欠 (“blow”) according to oracle bones and bronzes. An archaic variant of this character is 龡.

Pronunciation 1

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 吹
alternative forms 𠷕
龡
䶴 "to play music"
Note:
  • chhe/chher/chhoe - vernacular;
  • chhui - literary.
Rime
Character 吹
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 昌 (24)
Final (韻) 支 (12)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 昌垂切
Baxter tsyhwe
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕʰiuᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕʰʷiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕʰjuɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cʰwiə̆/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕʰiue/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕʰǐwe/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕʰwie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chuī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ceoi1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 吹
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chuī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyhwe ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tʰo[r]/
English blow (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 吹
Reading # 1/2
No. 1653
Phonetic
component 		吹
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		吹
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰjol/

Definitions

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吹

  1. to blow; to puff
    吹氣球／吹气球  ―  chuī qìqiú  ―  to blow up a balloon
  2. (of wind) to blow
    1. (of typhoon) to hit; to strike
  3. to blow; to play a wind instrument
    吹口琴  ―  chuī kǒuqín  ―  to play the harmonica
  4. (colloquial) to brag; to boast
    繼續吹吖！／继续吹吖！ [Cantonese]  ―  gai3 zuk6 ceoi1 aa1! [Jyutping]  ―  Please continue bragging. (sarcastic)
  5. (colloquial) to drink alcoholic beverages directly from a bottle
  6. (colloquial, of a plan) to fall through; (of relationship) to break down
  7. (Cantonese) ellipsis of 吹水 (ceoi1 seoi2)
  8. (Cantonese) ellipsis of 吹脹 / 吹胀 (ceoi1 zoeng3)
    你吹呀？ [Cantonese]  ―  nei5 ceoi1 aa4? [Jyutping]  ―  What can you do to me? (offensive)
  9. (ACG) to like
    吹爆  ―  chuī bào  ―  to like very much
    全員吹／全员吹  ―  quányuán chuī  ―  someone who likes everyone (in the anime)
  10. Misspelling of 催 (cuī, “to urge”).
Synonyms
[edit]
  • (to play a wind instrument): 吹奏 (chuīzòu)
  • (to brag):
Dialectal synonyms of 說大話 (“to brag; to boast; to talk big”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 說大話, 誇口, 吹噓, 誇口, 矜人, 自誇, 自詡
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 吹牛, 說大話, 吹大炮
Harbin 吹大氣兒, 吹牛屄, 吹呼, 吹著嘮, 誇嘴, 吹
Malaysia 仙, 仙家, 車大炮, 大炮, 放屁, 放狗屁, 仙頭, 好臉
Singapore 吹牛, 說大話
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 吹牛屄, 吹牛兒, 吹
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 吹牛屄
Wanrong 吹牛, 吹
Xi'an 吹牛屄, 吹牛
Xining 斬大話
Xuzhou 吹牛屄
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 吹牛屄
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 扯把子
Guiyang 衝殼子, 吹殼子, 吹牛殼, 衝牛殼
Daguan 吹殼子
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 吹牛, 吹牛屄, 吹
Yangzhou 吹牛
Cantonese Guangzhou 講大話, 放葫蘆, 吹牛觱, 車大炮, 吹
Hong Kong 車大炮, 吹, 吹水
Taishan 吹牛, 車大炮
Dongguan 放葫蘆
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 仙家撚 vulgar, 車大炮
Gan Nanchang 吹牛屄
Lichuan 吹膨兒
Pingxiang 吹蒙子
Hakka Meixian 車大炮
Changting 吹大炮, 吹牛屄
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 吹牛, 膨風, 嗙雞胲, 講天缺, 落下頷, 屙痢屙肚
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 吹牛, 膨風, 嗙雞胲, 講天缺, 歕雞胲, 嗙虎膦
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 吹牛, 膨風, 嗙雞胲, 講天缺, 落下頷, 屙痢屙肚
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 吹牛, 膨風, 嗙雞胲, 講天缺, 落下頷, 屙屙膿膿
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 膨風, 嗙雞胲, 講天缺, 落下頷, 屙痢屙肚
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 膨風, 歕雞胲, 臭彈, 落下頷, 屙膿屙血
Huizhou Jixi 吹牛屄, 吹卵脬, 吹
Jin Taiyuan 吹牛屄
Xinzhou 吹達, 吹牛屄
Eastern Min Fuzhou 誇喙
Southern Min Xiamen 風龜, 風神, 風龜神, 放風龜, 相空, 歕風, 歕雞胿, 放空, 膨風, 喝仙
Xiamen (Tong'an) 風龜
Quanzhou 風龜, 風神, 風龜神, 放風球, 講空, 歕風, 放空, 膨風, 喝仙
Zhangzhou 風龜, 風神, 風龜神, 相空, 練扇空, 歕風, 歕雞胿, 放空, 膨風, 喝仙, 喝
Taipei 歕雞胿
New Taipei (Sanxia) 歕雞胿
Kaohsiung 臭彈, 歕雞胿
Yilan 臭彈, 歕雞胿
Changhua (Lukang) 臭彈
Taichung 歕雞胿, 烏白講
Tainan 臭彈, 歕雞胿, 膨風, 畫虎𡳞, 放臭屁 GT, 放屁 GT, 講大聲話 GT
Hsinchu 歕雞胿, 膨風
Kinmen 歕雞胿
Penghu (Magong) 歕雞胿
Penang (Hokkien) 好臉
Klang (Hokkien) 大炮仙, 大砲, 嘐潲 vulgar, 好臉
Singapore (Hokkien) 好臉
Manila (Hokkien) 喝仙, 放風
Shantou 呾大話, 車大炮, 拉空, 拉誧
Jieyang 呾大話, 車大炮, 拉空, 拉誧, 喝
Singapore (Teochew) 好臉
Puxian Min Putian 講下, 講下數, 講大話
Xianyou 講下, 娋噴, 講大話
Wu Shanghai 吹牛屄, 吹牛三
Shanghai (Chongming) 吹牛屄
Suzhou 吹牛屄, 吹牛三, 牛屄
Danyang 吹牛屄
Hangzhou 吹牛屄
Ningbo 吹牛屄, 扯蛋, 扯老蛋, 講大話
Xiang Loudi 吹牛皮
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2

[edit]
simp. and trad.
 吹
alternative forms 䶴 (wind instruments)
Note: in 鼓吹 (gǔchuī), Mainland Standard Chinese uses chuī for all senses.
Rime
Character 吹
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 昌 (24)
Final (韻) 支 (12)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 尺僞切
Baxter tsyhweH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕʰiuᴇH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕʰʷiɛH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕʰjuɛH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/cʰwiə̆H/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕʰiueH/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕʰǐweH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕʰwie̯H/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chuì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ceoi3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 吹
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chuì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsyhweH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tʰo[r]-s/
English musical concert

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 吹
Reading # 2/2
No. 1655
Phonetic
component 		吹
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		3
Corresponding
MC rime 		吹
Old
Chinese 		/*kʰjols/

Definitions

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吹

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) wind instruments; music performed with wind instruments
  2. (literary) wind
Compounds
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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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吹

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. To blow (such as an instrument)

Readings

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  • Go-on: すい (sui, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: すい (sui, Jōyō)
  • Kun: ふく (fuku, 吹く, Jōyō)

Compounds

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Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 吹 (MC tsyhwe).

Historical readings

Hanja

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吹 (eumhun 불 취 (bul chwi))

  1. hanja form? of 취 (“to blow”)

References

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Gale, James S.: A Korean-English Dictionary. Yokohama: Kelly & Walsh, 1897.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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吹: Hán Việt readings: xuy[1][2][3][4][5][6][7], xúy/xuý[4][8], súy/suý[1]
吹: Nôm readings: xui[1][2][3][5][6][7], xuôi[1][2][3][5][6][7], xuê[1][2][3][5][6][8], xôi[1][2][3][6][8], xuể[1][3][5][6][7], xơi[3][5][6][7][8], xì[3][5][6][7], xùi[3][5][8], xi[3][7][8], xoai[5][6][7], xuề[3][6], xoe[3][8], xúi[5][6], sôi[1], suy[2], xỉ[3], xua[3], xuế[3], xủi[3], xụi[5], xuội[5], xoi[7]

  1. chữ Nôm form of sôi (“boiling; boiled”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of xôi
    1. steamed glutinous rice
    2. used in xa xôi (“faraway, distant, remote”)
  3. chữ Nôm form of xúi (“(colloquial) to induce”)
  4. chữ Nôm form of xuôi
    1. in the "usual", "expected" or "conforming" direction
    2. (literary) to go with the flow; to go downstream
  5. chữ Nôm form of xuể (“placed after a verb or after a negator in a negative sentence to indicate the inability to carry out something”)

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Thiều Chửu (1942).
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 Bonet (1899).
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 Génibrel (1898).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 Hồ (1976).
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