溢

溢 U+6EA2, 溢 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6EA2 ← 溡 [U+6EA1] CJK Unified Ideographs 溣 → [U+6EA3]

Translingual

Han character

溢 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 水廿金廿 (ETCT), four-corner 3811₇, composition ⿰氵益)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 640, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17951
• Dae Jaweon: page 1047, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1707, character 5
• Unihan data for U+6EA2

Chinese

simp. and trad.		溢
alternative forms		益 㳑 洫 𭂚 軼／轶

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (益) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
隘	*qreːɡs
賹	*qreːɡs
搤	*qreːɡs, *qreːɡ
縊	*qleːɡs, *qleɡs
螠	*qleɡs
謚	*ɢliɡs, *qleɡ
諡	*ɢliɡs
蠲	*kʷliːŋ
溢	*liɡ
鎰	*liɡ
齸	*lig, *qleg
貖	*qreːɡ
益	*qleɡ
嗌	*qleɡ
膉	*qleɡ
鷁	*ŋɡleːɡ
艗	*ŋɡleːɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *liɡ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 益 (OC *qleɡ, “to increase”) – overflowing liquid.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jat⁶
• Eastern Min (BUC): ĭk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ioh / ia̍k / ek / iak / i̍t

  (Teochew, Peng'im): êg⁸ / êg⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yì
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yì
    • Wade–Giles: i⁴
    • Yale: yì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
    • Palladius: и (i)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jat⁶
    • Yale: yaht
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jat⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yed⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐt̚²/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ioh
    • Tâi-lô: ioh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ioiq
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /ioʔ³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ioʔ⁵/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɤʔ³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
    • Tâi-lô: ia̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iak
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ek
    • Tâi-lô: ik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: eg
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iak
    • Tâi-lô: iak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: i̍t
    • Tâi-lô: i̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: it
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /it̚²⁴/

Note:

• ioh - vernacular (“to rock; to lightly sway; to be shaken”);
• ia̍k - vernacular (“to surge”);
• ek - literary (“to overflow; to surge; to vomit”);
• iak/i̍t - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: êg⁸ / êg⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: e̍k / ek
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ek̚⁴/, /ek̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: yit

Rime
Character	溢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	眞 (48)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	夷質切
Baxter	yit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiɪt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jit̚/
Shao Rongfen	/jet̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jit̚/
Li Rong	/iĕt̚/
Wang Li	/jĭĕt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ĕt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jat6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-q(r)ik/

  (Zhengzhang): /*liɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	溢
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ yit ›
Old Chinese	/*N-q(r)ik/
English	overflow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	溢
Reading #	1/1
No.	15076
Phonetic component	益
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	逸
Old Chinese	/*liɡ/

Definitions

溢

1. to overflow; to brim over
2. ^† to flood
3. ^† to be full of; to be brimming with
4. excessive; excessively
5. ^† to exceed
6. ^† vigorous
7. ^† An ancient unit of capacity.
8. ^† Alternative form of 鎰／镒 (yì, “An ancient unit of weight.”)
9. ^† Alternative form of 佾 (yì, “row of dancers”)
10. (Hokkien) to surge; to gush; to rise

    大湧溢過來。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    大涌溢过来。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    Tōa éng ek kè-lâi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    The big wave surged over.

    規陣人溢對我遮來。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    规阵人溢对我遮来。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    Kui tīn lâng ek tùi góa chiâ lâi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    The entire group of people surged over towards me.

11. (Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien) to vomit due to overeating, sickness, etc.
12. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to rock; to sway; to shake
13. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to lightly sway
14. (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to be shaken, shocked, jolted (similar to lakewater)

    伊死的消息傳出來，規鄉里總溢起來。 [Hokkien, trad.]
    伊死的消息传出来，规乡里总溢起来。 [Hokkien, simp.]

    I sí ê siau-sit thoân chhut-lâi, kui hiuⁿ-lí chóng ioh khí-lâi. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]

    When the news of his death spread, the entire village was jolted.

Synonyms

• (to sway):

• 振
• 搖動／摇动 (yáodòng)
• 搖擺／摇摆 (yáobǎi)
• 搖晃／摇晃
• 搖曳／摇曳 (yáoyè)
• 搖蕩／摇荡 (yáodàng)
• 搖顯／摇显 (Hokkien)
• 摵 (Hokkien)
• 擺動／摆动 (bǎidòng)
• 晃動／晃动 (huàngdòng)
• 舞動／舞动 (wǔdòng)
• 蕩／荡 (dàng) (literary, or in compounds)
• 閃／闪 (shǎn)

 

Compounds

• 充溢 (chōngyì)
• 名溢縹囊／名溢缥囊
• 天才橫溢／天才横溢
• 情溢於表／情溢于表
• 掩惡溢美／掩恶溢美
• 排洪溢道
• 橫溢／横溢 (héngyì)
• 泛溢 (fànyì)
• 流溢
• 洋溢 (yángyì)
• 海不波溢
• 湓溢
• 溢價／溢价
• 溢惡／溢恶
• 溢收
• 溢於言表／溢于言表 (yìyúyánbiǎo)
• 溢水 (Yìshuǐ)
• 溢波
• 溢油 (yìyóu)
• 溢泌
• 溢流
• 溢洪道
• 溢滿／溢满
• 溢目
• 溢美 (yìměi)
• 溢血 (yìxuè)
• 溢譽／溢誉 (yìyù)
• 溢額／溢额
• 漫溢 (mànyì)
• 滿溢／满溢 (mǎnyì)
• 滿而不溢／满而不溢
• 盈溢
• 腦溢血／脑溢血 (nǎoyìxuè)
• 衍溢
• 車馬駢溢／车马骈溢 (chēmǎpiányì)
• 醜聲四溢／丑声四溢
• 闐溢／阗溢
• 飄溢／飘溢
• 香氣四溢／香气四溢

 

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	Shinjitai (extended)	溢󠄀 溢+󠄀? (Adobe-Japan1)
溢󠄃 溢+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
Kyūjitai	溢
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

溢

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. to overflow

Readings

• Go-on: いち (ichi)
• Kan-on: いつ (itsu)
• Kun: あふれる (afureru, 溢れる); みちる (michiru, 溢ちる)
• Nanori: みつる (mitsuru)

Compounds

• 咲(さ)き溢(こぼ)れる (sakikoboreru)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
溢
いつ Jinmeiyō
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 溢 (MC yit).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [it͡sɨᵝ]

Affix

溢(いつ) • (itsu) 

1. overflow
2. excessive

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 溢(いっ)血(けつ) (ikketsu, “hemorrhage”)
• 充(じゅう)溢(いつ) (jūitsu)

Korean

Hanja

溢 (eum 일 (il))

1. flood

Compounds

• 해일 (海溢, haeil, “tsunami”)

Vietnamese

Han character

溢: Hán Việt readings: dật (弋(dặc)質(chất)切(thiết))
溢: Nôm readings: dật, ải

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