出來
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Chinese
[edit]to go out; to come out; to occur to go out; to come out; to occur; to produce; to go beyond; to rise; to put forth; to happen; (a measure word for dramas, plays, or operas) |
to come | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (出來) | 出 | 來 | |
simp. (出来) | 出 | 来 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ceot1 loi4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhut-lòi
- Jin (Wiktionary): cueh4 lai1-3 / cueh4 lai1-2
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7tsheq-le6 / 7tsheq-le2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨ ㄌㄞˊ → ㄔㄨ ˙ㄌㄞ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: chulåi
- Wade–Giles: chʻu1-lai5
- Yale: chū-lai
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chu.lai
- Palladius: чулай (čulaj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/ → /ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ laɪ̯²/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: чўлэ (čwle, I-I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu²⁴ lɛ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: ceot1 loi4
- Yale: chēut lòih
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsoet7 loi4
- Guangdong Romanization: cêd1 loi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ lɔːi̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhut-lòi
- Hakka Romanization System: cudˋ loiˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cud5 loi2
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰut̚² loi̯¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: cueh4 lai1-3 / cueh4 lai1-2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰuəʔ² lai¹¹⁻⁴⁵/, /t͡sʰuəʔ² lai¹¹⁻⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhut--lâi / chhoài
- Tâi-lô: tshut--lâi / tshuài
- (Hokkien)
Note:
- 出 is in the citation tone and 來 is toneless when 出來 is at the end of a phrase;
- both 出 and 來 are toneless as a complement;
- both 出 and 來 undergo tone sandhi when the 出來 is not at the end of a phrase;
- chhoài - contraction of "chhut--lâi".
Verb
[edit]出⫽來 (verb-complement) (intransitive)
- to go from inside to outside (with the speaker being outside); to come out
- to appear; to emerge; to be revealed; to become available
- (as a verbal complement)
- Indicates outward movement.
- Indicates a process of revealing, manifesting or making evident.
- Indicates a process of completing or accomplishing.
Usage notes
[edit]- Potential forms include 出得來/出得来 (chūdelái, “can come out, can appear”) and 出不來/出不来 (chūbùlái, “have no way to come out, can not appear”). When it is used after a verb, however, it is 得出來/得出来 (de chūlái), 不出來/不出来 (bù chūlái).
- When it is used after a verb, it is also possible to insert a noun (or a phrase playing the role of a noun) between the two characters, for example, 拿出錢來/拿出钱来 (náchū qián lái, “to take out money”), 拿得出錢來/拿得出钱来 (nádechū qián lái, “to be able to provide out money”).
Derived terms
[edit]- 日頭打西出來/日头打西出来 (rìtóu dǎ xī chūlái)
- 白刀子進去,紅刀子出來/白刀子进去,红刀子出来 (bái dāozi jìnqù, hóng dāozi chūlái)
- 看出來/看出来 (kànchūlái)
- 肚裡說不出來的苦/肚里说不出来的苦 (dùlǐ shuōbùchū lái de kǔ)
- 骨頭裡掙出來的錢纔做得肉/骨头里挣出来的钱才做得肉
See also
[edit]- (Cantonese) 出嚟
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
出 | 來 |
で Grade: 1 |
き Jinmeiyō |
For pronunciation and definitions of 出來 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 出來, is the kyūjitai of an alternative spelling (出来) of the above term.) |
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- Beginning Mandarin
- Japanese terms spelled with 出 read as で
- Japanese terms spelled with 來 read as き
- Japanese kyūjitai spellings