結果

See also: 结果

Chinese

		knot; sturdy; to bear (fruit) knot; sturdy; to bear (fruit); bond; to tie; to bind	fruit; result
trad. (結果)		結	果
simp. (结果)		结	果

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiéguǒ

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄍㄨㄛˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): git³ gwo²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiet-kó / kiat-kó
• Min Dong (BUC): giék-guōi
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kiat-kó / kiat-kó͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gag⁴ guê²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: jiéguǒ
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄍㄨㄛˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyeguuo
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiéguǒ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛ³⁵ kwɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: git³ gwo²
    • Yale: git gwó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: git⁸ gwo²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gid³ guo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːt̚³ kʷɔː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiet-kó
    • Hakka Romanization System: gied` go`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giad⁵ go³
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯et̚² ko³¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiat-kó
    • Hakka Romanization System: giad` go`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giad⁵ go³
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯at̚² ko³¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: giék-guōi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kieʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ kui³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-kó
    • Tâi-lô: kiat-kó
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiatkoir
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kɤ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ ko⁵³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ ko⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-kó͘
    • Tâi-lô: kiat-kóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiatkor
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ kɔ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gag⁴ guê²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kak kué
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kak̚²⁻⁴ kue⁵²⁻²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /ket̚  kuɑ^X/

Rime
Character	結	果
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	屑 (87)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	IV	I
Fanqie	古屑切	古火切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ket̚/	/kuɑX/
Pan Wuyun	/ket̚/	/kuɑX/
Shao Rongfen	/kɛt̚/	/kuɑX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɛt̚/	/kwaX/
Li Rong	/ket̚/	/kuɑX/
Wang Li	/kiet̚/	/kuɑX/
Bernard Karlgren	/kiet̚/	/kuɑX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jie	guǒ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	git3	gwo2

Noun

結果

1. result (Classifier: 個／个)

   得出結果 / 得出结果  ―  déchū jiéguǒ  ―  to obtain a result

   我做過核酸檢測了，結果是陰性的。 [MSC, trad.]
   我做过核酸检测了，结果是阴性的。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ zuò guò hésuān jiǎncè le, jiéguǒ shì yīnxìng de. [Pinyin]

   I have taken a nucleic acid test, and the result was negative.

   我一直在嘗試努力，可結果總是不盡人意。 [MSC, trad.]
   我一直在尝试努力，可结果总是不尽人意。 [MSC, simp.]

   Wǒ yīzhí zài chángshì nǔlì, kě jiéguǒ zǒngshì bùjìn rényì. [Pinyin]

   I have been putting in a lot of effort, but the results are always less than satisfactory.

   • 我國經典，未經整理，讀起來特別難，一般人往往望而生畏，結果是敬而遠之。 [MSC, trad.]
     我国经典，未经整理，读起来特别难，一般人往往望而生畏，结果是敬而远之。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1942, 朱自清 (Zhu Ziqing), 經典常談

     Wǒguó jīngdiǎn, wèijīng zhěnglǐ, dú qǐlái tèbié nán, yībānrén wǎngwǎng wàng'érshēngwèi, jiéguǒ shì jìng'éryuǎnzhī. [Pinyin]

     Chinese classics are difficult to read uncollated. Ordinary people are often terrified by the sight of them, and prefer to remain at a respectful distance.

2. (obsolete) style of dress

Synonyms

• (result):

edit

• 分曉／分晓 (fēnxiǎo)
• 後果／后果 (hòuguǒ) (chiefly negative)
• 惡果／恶果 (èguǒ) (negative)
• 效應／效应 (xiàoyìng) (chiefly in biology, chemistry)

• 效果 (xiàoguǒ) (chiefly positive)
• 歸結／归结 (guījié)
• 結局／结局 (jiéjú)

Antonyms

• 原因 (yuányīn)

Adverb

結果

1. finally; in the end; as a result; to end up being

   他們詳細討論了這件事，結果達成諒解。 [MSC, trad.]
   他们详细讨论了这件事，结果达成谅解。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tāmen xiángxì tǎolùn le zhè jiàn shì, jiéguǒ dáchéng liàngjiě. [Pinyin]

   They discussed the matter in detail, and finally came to an understanding.

Synonyms

• 最後／最后 (zuìhòu)
• 最終／最终 (zuìzhōng)
• 到頭來／到头来 (dàotóulái)
• (colloquial) 臨了／临了 (línliǎo)

Verb

結果

1. to kill; to finish off
2. (obsolete) to dress up; to deck out; to make up

Synonyms

• (to dress up):

edit

Synonyms of 結果

• 修飾／修饰 (xiūshì)
• 打刷 (Xinzhou)
• 打扮 (dǎban)
• 捯飭／捯饬 (dáochi) (colloquial)
• 梳妝／梳妆 (shūzhuāng)
• 結束／结束 (jiéshù) (archaic)

• 裝扮／装扮 (zhuāngbàn)
• 裝束／装束 (zhuāngshù) (formal)
• 裝飾／装饰 (zhuāngshì)
• 裝點／装点 (zhuāngdiǎn)
• 點綴／点缀 (diǎnzhuì)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiēguǒ, jiéguǒ

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄝ ㄍㄨㄛˇ, ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄍㄨㄛˇ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): git³ gwo²

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): get¹ go²

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiet-kó / kiat-kó
• Min Nan (POJ): kiat-kó / kiat-kó͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: jiēguǒ
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝ ㄍㄨㄛˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jieguuo
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jieguǒ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛ⁵⁵ kwɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: jiéguǒ
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄍㄨㄛˇ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyeguuo
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiéguǒ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕjɛ³⁵ kwɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: git³ gwo²
    • Yale: git gwó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: git⁸ gwo²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gid³ guo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːt̚³ kʷɔː³⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: get¹ go²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ket̚³³ kᵘɔ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiet-kó
    • Hakka Romanization System: gied` go`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giad⁵ go³
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯et̚² ko³¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiat-kó
    • Hakka Romanization System: giad` go`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giad⁵ go³
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯at̚² ko³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-kó
    • Tâi-lô: kiat-kó
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiatkoir
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ kɤ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ ko⁵³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ ko⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kiat-kó͘
    • Tâi-lô: kiat-kóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiatkor
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ kɔ⁵⁵⁴/

Verb

結果

1. to bear fruit

Synonyms

• (Hakka) 打子 (tá-chṳ́)
• (Min Dong) 結囝／结囝 (giék-giāng)

Derived terms

• 開花結果／开花结果 (kāihuājiēguǒ)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (結果):

• → Japanese: 結(けっ)果(か) (kekka)
• → Korean: 결과 (結果, gyeolgwa)
• → Vietnamese: kết quả (結果)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
結	果
けつ > けっ Grade: 4	か Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
• (Tokyo) けっか [kèkká] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ke̞k̚ka̠]

Noun

結(けっ)果(か) • (kekka) 

1. the result, effect, consequence

   結果(けっか)だけだ、この世(よ)には結果(けっか)だけが残(のこ)る。

   Kekka dake da, kono yo ni wa kekka dake ga nokoru.

   Only the result, only the result remains in this world.

2. the performance, the accomplishment, the achievement

Synonyms

• (effect): 成果(せいか) (seika), 余波(よは) (yoha)

Antonyms

• (effect): 原因(げんいん) (gen'in)

Verb

結(けっ)果(か)する • (kekka suru) suru (stem 結(けっ)果(か)し (kekka shi), past 結(けっ)果(か)した (kekka shita))

1. (rare) bear fruit

Conjugation

Conjugation of "結果する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形)	結果し	けっかし	kekka shi
Continuative (連用形)	結果し	けっかし	kekka shi
Terminal (終止形)	結果する	けっかする	kekka suru
Attributive (連体形)	結果する	けっかする	kekka suru
Hypothetical (仮定形)	結果すれ	けっかすれ	kekka sure
Imperative (命令形)	結果せよ¹ 結果しろ²	けっかせよ¹ けっかしろ²	kekka seyo¹ kekka shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	結果される	けっかされる	kekka sareru
Causative	結果させる 結果さす	けっかさせる けっかさす	kekka saseru kekka sasu
Potential	結果できる	けっかできる	kekka dekiru
Volitional	結果しよう	けっかしよう	kekka shiyō
Negative	結果しない	けっかしない	kekka shinai
Negative continuative	結果せず	けっかせず	kekka sezu
Formal	結果します	けっかします	kekka shimasu
Perfective	結果した	けっかした	kekka shita
Conjunctive	結果して	けっかして	kekka shite
Hypothetical conditional	結果すれば	けっかすれば	kekka sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

• 結実(けつじつ) (ketsujitsu), 実(み)を結(むす)ぶ (mi o musubu)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
• 2002, Yasuo Kitahara, 明鏡国語辞典 (Meikyō Kokugo Jiten), First Edition (in Japanese), Tokyo: Taishūkan Shoten, →ISBN

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Korean

Hanja in this term
結	果

Noun

結果 • (gyeolgwa) (hangeul 결과)

1. Hanja form^? of 결과 (“result”).

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Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
結	果

Noun

結果

1. Hán tự form of kết quả (“result”).