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枝

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 支
枝 U+679D, 枝
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-679D
← 果
[U+679C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 枞 →
[U+679E]

Translingual

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Han character

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枝 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+4, 8 strokes, Cangjie input 木十水 (DJE), four-corner 44947, composition ⿰木支)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 516, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14557
  • Dae Jaweon: page 904, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1165, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+679D

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 枝
alternative forms 支

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 枝
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (支) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
支 *kje
枝 *kje
肢 *kje
汥 *kje, *ɡe, *ɡres
衼 *kje
馶 *kje, *qʰjes, *kes, *ɡe
鳷 *kje
忮 *kjes
伎 *kjes, *ɡe, *ɡreʔ
豉 *ɡjes
翅 *qʰjes
翄 *qʰjes, *ɡe
妓 *kre, *ɡreʔ
庋 *kreʔ, *kʷreʔ
跂 *kʰeʔ, *kʰes, *ɡe
蚑 *kʰes, *ɡe
吱 *kʰes
岐 *ɡe
歧 *ɡe
鬾 *ɡre, *ɡres
技 *ɡreʔ
芰 *ɡres
攱 *kʷreʔ, *kʷres
庪 *kʷreʔ
頍 *kʰʷeʔ
屐 *ɡreɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kje) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 支 (OC *kje, “branch”).

Etymology

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Originally the same word as 支 (OC *kje, “branch (of tree), limb; to support”); see there for more (STEDT).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • Meixian:
    • zi1 - literary;
    • gi1 - vernacular.
Note:
  • gí - vernacular;
  • cí - literary.
Note:
  • gi1 - vernacular;
  • zi1 - literary.
Note:
  • ki - vernacular;
  • chi - literary.
Note:
  • gi1 - vernacular;
  • ji1 - literary.
Rime
Character 枝
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 章移切
Baxter tsye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ciə̆/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕie/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕǐe/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zi1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 枝
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsye ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ke/
English branch (of tree)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 枝
Reading # 1/1
No. 17201
Phonetic
component 		支
Rime
group 		支
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		支
Old
Chinese 		/*kje/

Definitions

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枝

  1. branch; twig
    柳枝低垂在水面上。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Liǔ zhī dīchuí zài shuǐmiàn shang. [Pinyin]
    The branches of the willows drooped over the water.
    他把不結果的枝都修剪掉。 [MSC, trad.]
    他把不结果的枝都修剪掉。 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā bǎ bù jiēguǒ de zhī dōu xiūjiǎn diào. [Pinyin]
    He pruned every branch that did not bear fruit.
  2. Classifier for long cylindrical objects (stick, pen, rod, flower with stem, etc).
    一枝鉛筆／一枝铅笔  ―  yī zhī qiānbǐ  ―  a pencil
    一枝槍／一枝枪  ―  yī zhī qiāng  ―  a gun
  3. a surname
Synonyms
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  • (branch):
  • (classifier for pens):
Dialectal synonyms of 支 (“(classifier for pens or pencils)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 支, 桿
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 支
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 管
Central Plains Mandarin Wanrong 桿
Xining 支
Xuzhou 支
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 桿
Wuhan 支, 管
Guiyang 支
Liuzhou 支, 桿, 管
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 支, 管
Yangzhou 支
Cantonese Guangzhou 支
Hong Kong 支
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 支
Macau 支
Guangzhou (Panyu) 支
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 支
Guangzhou (Conghua) 支
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 支
Foshan 支
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 支
Foshan (Shunde) 支
Foshan (Sanshui) 支
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 支
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 支
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 支
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 支
Zhuhai (Doumen) 支
Jiangmen (Baisha) 支
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 支
Taishan 支
Kaiping (Chikan) 支
Enping (Niujiang) 支
Heshan (Yayao) 支
Dongguan 支
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 支
Gan Nanchang 支
Lichuan 支
Pingxiang 支
Hakka Meixian 支
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 支
Dongguan (Qingxi) 桿
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 桿
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 支
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 支
Yudu 支
Huizhou Jixi 支
Jin Pingyao 桿
Xinzhou 支, 桿
Northern Min Jian'ou 支, 管
Eastern Min Fuzhou 把
Fuzhou (Changle) 把
Fuqing 把
Yongtai 把
Gutian 把
Fu'an 支
Ningde 把
Shouning 支
Zhouning 支
Fuding 支
Southern Min Xiamen 支, 叢
Quanzhou 支, 叢
Zhangzhou 支, 叢
Tainan 支
Manila (Hokkien) 支
Leizhou 支
Haikou 支, 管
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 支
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 支
Wu Shanghai 支, 管
Shanghai (Chongming) 管
Suzhou 支, 管
Danyang 支
Ningbo 支
Jinhua 支
Xiang Changsha 支
Loudi 支
Note 支 is also written as 枝

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions

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枝

  1. alternative form of 跂 (“extra toe”)
  2. alternative form of 歧 (qí, “divergent”)

Further reading

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Japanese

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枝

Kanji

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枝

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. branch, limbs

Readings

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References

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
枝
えだ
Grade: 5
kun'yomi

Inherited from earlier yeda, from Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *yonta. Cognate with Kunigami 枝 (yudā), Miyako 枝 (yuda), Okinawan 枝 (yida), 枝 (yuda), Yaeyama 枝 (yuda), Yonaguni 枝 (duda). The vowel change is irregular.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [e̞da̠]
  • Audio:(file)
  • (Tokyo) えだ [èdá] (Heiban – [0])

Noun

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枝(えだ) • (eda) ←えだ (eda)?

  1. branch, limbs
  2. (graph theory) edge

Coordinate terms

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Korean

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Hanja

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枝 • (ji) (hangeul 지, revised ji, McCune–Reischauer chi, Yale ci)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Kunigami

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Kanji

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枝

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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枝(ゆだー) (yudā) 

  1. branch (of a tree or plant); bough

References

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  • “ゆだー【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Miyako

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Kanji

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枝

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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枝(ゆだ) (yuda) 

  1. branch (of a tree or plant); bough

References

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  • “ゆだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Okinawan

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Kanji

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枝

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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枝(いぃだ) or 枝(ゆだ) (yida or yuda) 

  1. branch (of a tree or plant); bough

References

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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枝: Hán Nôm readings: chi, che

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yaeyama

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Kanji

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枝

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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枝(ゆだ) (yuda) 

  1. branch (of a tree or plant); bough

References

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  • “ゆだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Yonaguni

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Kanji

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枝

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *yoda, from Proto-Japonic *yonta.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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枝(どぅだ) (duda) 

  1. branch (of a tree or plant); bough

References

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  • “どぅだ【枝】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
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