暴

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See also: 異
暴 U+66B4, 暴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-66B4
← 暳
[U+66B3]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 暵 →
[U+66B5]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

暴 (radical 72 日+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 日廿金水 (ATCE), four-corner 60132, composition ⿳日共氺)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 499, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14137
  • Dae Jaweon: page 868, character 35
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1532, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+66B4

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 暴

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 暴
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
暴-oracle.svg 暴-seal.svg 暴-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (暴) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
暴 *boːwɢs, *boːɡ
曝 *boːwɢs, *boːɡ
瀑 *boːwɢs, *boːɡ
虣 *boːwɢs
爆 *proːwɢs, *poːwɢ, *proːwɢ
襮 *poːwɢ, *poːwɢ
嚗 *proːwɢ
謈 *pʰroːwɢ, *broːwɢ
犦 *broːwɢ, *poːwɢ
懪 *broːwɢ

Ideogrammic compound (會意) – originally (in oracle script) the antler of a buck (at bottom), indicating a savage attack. Subsequently significantly simplified and abstracted: in seal script analyzed as 日 + 出 + 廾 + 米, while in current form rather 日 + 共 + 水 (similar to unrelated 異); compare bottom component to bottom right of 様.

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 暴 暴
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 豪 (89) 屋 (3)
Tone (調) Departing (H) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) I I
Fanqie 薄報切 蒲木切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /bɑuH/ /buk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /bɑuH/ /buk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /bɑuH/ /buk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /bawH/ /bəwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /bɑuH/ /buk̚/
Wang
Li		 /bɑuH/ /buk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /bʱɑuH/ /bʱuk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 bào bú
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 暴 暴
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 bào pù
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ bawH › ‹ buwk ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[b]ˤawk-s/ /*m-pˤawk/
English violent expose to sun

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 暴 暴
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 330 343
Phonetic
component		 暴 暴
Rime
group		 貌 屋
Rime
subdivision		 3 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 暴 暴
Old
Chinese		 /*boːwɢs/ /*boːɡ/

Definitions[edit]

暴

  1. sudden
  2. violent, cruel, brutal, tyrannical
  3. to show, expose
  4. to injure

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 暴

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

暴

(grade 5 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. violent, brutal, fierce

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
暴
ぼう
Grade: 5
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 暴 (bawH, “violent”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjectival noun[edit]

暴 (-na inflection, hiragana ぼう, rōmaji bō)

  1. violent

Inflection[edit]

Inflection of 暴
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 暴だろ ぼうだろ bō daro
Continuative (連用形) 暴で ぼうで bō de
Terminal (終止形) 暴だ ぼうだ bō da
Attributive (連体形) 暴な ぼうな bō na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 暴なら ぼうなら bō nara
Imperative (命令形) 暴であれ ぼうであれ bō de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 暴ではない
暴じゃない		 ぼうではない
ぼうじゃない		 bō de wa nai
bō ja nai
Informal past 暴だった ぼうだった bō datta
Informal negative past 暴ではなかった
暴じゃなかった		 ぼうではなかった
ぼうじゃなかった		 bō de wa nakatta
bō ja nakatta
Formal 暴です ぼうです bō desu
Formal negative 暴ではありません
暴じゃありません		 ぼうではありません
ぼうじゃありません		 bō de wa arimasen
bō ja arimasen
Formal past 暴でした ぼうでした bō deshita
Formal negative past 暴ではありませんでした
暴じゃありませんでした		 ぼうではありませんでした
ぼうじゃありませんでした		 bō de wa arimasen deshita
bō ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 暴で ぼうで bō de
Conditional 暴なら（ば） ぼうなら（ば） bō nara (ba)
Provisional 暴だったら ぼうだったら bō dattara
Volitional 暴だろう ぼうだろう bō darō
Adverbial 暴に ぼうに bō ni
Degree 暴さ ぼうさ bōsa

Noun[edit]

暴 (hiragana ぼう, rōmaji bō)

  1. violentness

References[edit]

  1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

暴 • (po, pok, bak) (hangeul 포, 폭, 박, McCune-Reischauer p'o, p'ok, pak, Yale pho, phok, pak)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

暴 (bạo, bão, bộc, bẹo)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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