暴
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
暴 (Kangxi radical 72, 日+11, 15 strokes, cangjie input 日廿金水 (ATCE), four-corner 60132, composition ⿳日共氺)
Derived characters[edit]
- 儤, 嚗, 𢖔, 懪, 㩧, 瀑, 曝, 𦢊, 𣞺, 爆, 犦, 𭻶, 䂍, 𥗋, 𮂡, 𦆿, 𧔙, 襮, 𧭤, 𧲐, 𨇅, 䤖, 鑤, 𢑾, 鸔, 𣋰, 𣀛, 𣀠, 㿺, 𩁠, 𩙕, 𪇰, 𮆭, 𩯱
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 499, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14137
- Dae Jaweon: page 868, character 35
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1532, character 15
- Unihan data for U+66B4
Chinese[edit]
simp. and trad. |
暴 | |
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2nd round simp. | 𣅃 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 暴 | ||
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Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogrammic compound (會意) – originally (in oracle script) the antler of a buck (at bottom), indicating a savage attack. Subsequently significantly simplified and abstracted: in seal script analyzed as 日 + 出 + 廾 + 米, while in current form rather 日 + 共 + 水 (similar to unrelated 異); compare bottom component to bottom right of 様. In the Liushutong, it is analyzed as 日 + 鹿 + 火, a salivating savage deer.
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
暴
- sudden
- violent; cruel; brutal; tyrannical
- 暴行 ― bàoxíng ― act of violence
- quick-tempered; hot-tempered
- 暴躁 ― bàozào ― irritable; irascible; bad-tempered
- to spoil; to waste; to damage
- (literary) to abuse; to oppress; to treat cruelly
Compounds[edit]
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Descendants[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Definitions[edit]
暴
- Alternative form of 曝 (pù, “to sun; to air in the sun”).
- 雖有天下易生之物也,一日暴之、十日寒之,未有能生者也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Mencius, circa 4th century BCE
- Suī yǒu tiānxià yì shēng zhī wù yě, yīrì pù zhī, shí rì hán zhī, wèiyǒu néng shēng zhě yě. [Pinyin]
- Suppose the case of the most easily growing thing in the world; if you expose it for one day to the sun, and then expose it for ten days to cold, it will not be able to grow.
虽有天下易生之物也,一日暴之、十日寒之,未有能生者也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Compounds[edit]
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Pronunciation 2[edit]
Definitions[edit]
暴
Compounds[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Definitions[edit]
暴
Compounds[edit]
Pronunciation 2[edit]
Definitions[edit]
暴
References[edit]
- “暴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)←ばう (bau, historical); ぼく (boku)
- Kan-on: ほう (hō)←はう (fau, historical); ほく (hoku)
- Kan’yō-on: ばく (baku, Jōyō †)
- Kun: あばく (abaku, 暴く, Jōyō); あばれる (abareru, 暴れる, Jōyō)
Compounds[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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暴 |
ぼう Grade: 5 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 暴 (MC bɑuH, “violent”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
暴 • (bō) -na (adnominal 暴な (bō na), adverbial 暴に (bō ni))
Inflection[edit]
Stem forms | |||
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Imperfective (未然形) | 暴だろ | ぼうだろ | bō daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 暴で | ぼうで | bō de |
Terminal (終止形) | 暴だ | ぼうだ | bō da |
Attributive (連体形) | 暴な | ぼうな | bō na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 暴なら | ぼうなら | bō nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 暴であれ | ぼうであれ | bō de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 暴ではない 暴じゃない |
ぼうではない ぼうじゃない |
bō de wa nai bō ja nai |
Informal past | 暴だった | ぼうだった | bō datta |
Informal negative past | 暴ではなかった 暴じゃなかった |
ぼうではなかった ぼうじゃなかった |
bō de wa nakatta bō ja nakatta |
Formal | 暴です | ぼうです | bō desu |
Formal negative | 暴ではありません 暴じゃありません |
ぼうではありません ぼうじゃありません |
bō de wa arimasen bō ja arimasen |
Formal past | 暴でした | ぼうでした | bō deshita |
Formal negative past | 暴ではありませんでした 暴じゃありませんでした |
ぼうではありませんでした ぼうじゃありませんでした |
bō de wa arimasen deshita bō ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 暴で | ぼうで | bō de |
Conditional | 暴なら(ば) | ぼうなら(ば) | bō nara (ba) |
Provisional | 暴だったら | ぼうだったら | bō dattara |
Volitional | 暴だろう | ぼうだろう | bō darō |
Adverbial | 暴に | ぼうに | bō ni |
Degree | 暴さ | ぼうさ | bōsa |
Noun[edit]
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle Chinese 暴 (MC buk̚, “to expose to the sun”).
Historical readings |
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Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʰo̞k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [폭]
Hanja[edit]
暴 (eumhun 나타날 폭 (natanal pok))
暴 (eumhun 드러날 폭 (deureonal pok))
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
From a corrupted or unorthodox reading influenced by Middle Chinese 暴 (MC buk̚). The original reading is 포 (po) based on Middle Chinese 暴 (MC bɑuH, “violent”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʰo̞k̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [폭]
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 폭군 (暴君, pokgun)
- 폭동 (暴動, pokdong)
- 폭등 (暴騰, pokdeung)
- 폭락 (暴落, pongnak)
- 폭력 (暴力, pongnyeok)
- 폭리 (暴利, pongni)
- 폭망 (暴亡, pongmang)
- 폭발 (暴發, pokbal)
- 폭부 (暴富, pokbu)
- 폭사 (暴死, poksa)
- 폭설 (暴雪, pokseol)
- 폭식 (暴食, poksik)
- 폭압 (暴壓, pogap)
- 폭언 (暴言, pogeon)
- 폭염 (暴炎, pogyeom)
- 폭우 (暴雨, pogu)
- 폭음 (暴飮, pogeum)
- 폭정 (暴政, pokjeong)
- 폭주 (暴注, pokju)
- 폭주 (暴走, pokju)
- 폭주 (暴酒, pokju)
- 폭탈 (暴奪, poktal)
- 폭풍 (暴風, pokpung)
- 폭행 (暴行, pokhaeng)
Etymology 3[edit]
From Middle Chinese 暴 (MC bɑuH, “violent”).
Historical readings |
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Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʰo̞(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [포(ː)]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
From Middle Chinese 暴.
Historical readings |
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Hanja[edit]
暴 (eumhun 앙상할 박 (angsanghal bak))
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
暴: Hán Việt readings: bạo (
暴: Nôm readings: bạo[1][2][3][4][6], bão[1][2][7], bộc[7][5], bậu[1], bẹo[3]
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
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- CJK Compatibility Ideographs block
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- Mandarin terms with audio links
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading あば-く
- Japanese kanji with kun reading あば-れる
- Japanese kanji with kan'yōon reading ばく
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ほう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading はう
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ほく
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ぼう
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading ばう
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ぼく
- Japanese terms spelled with 暴 read as ぼう
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