懪

懪 U+61EA, 懪 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61EA ← 懩 [U+61E9] CJK Unified Ideographs 懫 → [U+61EB]

Translingual

Han character

懪 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+15, 18 strokes, Cangjie input 心日廿水 (PATE), four-corner 9603₂, composition ⿰忄暴)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 407, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11401
• Dae Jaweon: page 748, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2367, character 8
• Unihan data for U+61EA

Chinese

simp. and trad.		懪
alternative forms		𢥟

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (暴) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
暴	*boːwɢs, *boːɡ
曝	*boːwɢs, *boːɡ
瀑	*boːwɢs, *boːɡ
虣	*boːwɢs
爆	*proːwɢs, *poːwɢ, *proːwɢ
襮	*poːwɢ, *poːwɢ
嚗	*proːwɢ
謈	*pʰroːwɢ, *broːwɢ
犦	*broːwɢ, *poːwɢ
懪	*broːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *broːwɢ): semantic 心 (“heart, mind”) + phonetic 暴 (OC *boːwɢs, *boːɡ). However, the phonetic component means "violence", so it could add part of the meaning. A conservative version is 𢥟; later, the whole character was stylized into 懪.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bó (bo²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bok⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bó
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bó
    • Wade–Giles: po²
    • Yale: bwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
    • Palladius: бо (bo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: bok⁶
    • Yale: bohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: bog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔːk̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: baewk

Rime
Character	懪
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	蒲角切
Baxter	baewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/bɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/bɔk̚/
Wang Li	/bɔk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bok6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*broːwɢ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	懪
Reading #	1/1
No.	342
Phonetic component	暴
Rime group	藥
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	雹
Old Chinese	/*broːwɢ/

Definitions

懪

1. depressed; unhappy; gloomy; worried
2. to violate; to run counter to; to transgress; to infringe; to breach; to break; to go against
3. opposite; reverse
4. on the contrary; to the contrary; instead
5. bewildered; confused; muddled; muddle-headed
6. messy; disordered; chaotic

Compounds

• 懪懪