腹

腹	U+8179, 腹 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8179

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

腹 (radical 130, 肉+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月人日水 (BOAE), four-corner 7824₇, composition ⿰月复)

References[edit]

KangXi: page 990, character 2
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29722
Dae Jaweon: page 1442, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2097, character 1
Unihan data for U+8179

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.		腹

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 腹
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (复) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
愎	*brɯɡ
鍑	puɡs, puɡ
覆	pʰuɡs, buɡs, pʰɯːɡ, pʰuɡ
復	buɡs, buɡ
椱	buɡs, buɡ
複	buɡs, puɡ
馥	brɯɡ, buɡ
腹	*puɡ
輹	puɡ, buɡ
蝮	*pʰuɡ
蕧	pʰuɡ, buɡ
复	*buɡ
鰒	*buɡ
澓	*buɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *puɡ): semantic ⺼ (“meat, body”) + phonetic 复 (OC *buɡ) – a part of the body.

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fù (fu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): puk
Min Bei (KCR): bŭ
Min Dong (BUC): bók / hók
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): pak / hok

(Teochew, Peng'im): bag⁴
Wu (Wiktionary): foq (T4)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: fù
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ
  - Wade–Giles: fu⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuh
  - IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fuk¹
  - Yale: fūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: fug¹
  - IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: puk
  - Hakka Romanization System: bug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bug⁵
  - IPA: /puk̚²/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bŭ
  - IPA ^(key): /pu²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bók / hók
  - IPA ^(key): /pouʔ²⁴/, /houʔ²⁴/

Note:

bók - vernacular;
hók - literary.

Min Nan

(Hokkien)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pak / hok
- Tâi-lô: pak / hok
- Phofsit Daibuun: pag, hog
- IPA (Xiamen): /pak̚³²/, /hɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pak̚⁵/, /hɔk̚⁵/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /pak̚³²/, /hɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Taipei): /pak̚³²/, /hɔk̚³²/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /pak̚³²/, /hɔk̚³²/

Note:

pak - vernacular;
hok - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: bag⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pak
- IPA ^(key): /pak̚²/

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: foq (T4)
- IPA ^(key): /fʊʔ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /pɨuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	腹
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/piuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/piuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puwk̚/
Li Rong	/piuk̚/
Wang Li	/pĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fu

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*p(r)uk/

(Zhengzhang): /*puɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	腹
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fù
Middle Chinese	‹ pjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*p(r)uk/
English	belly
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	腹
Reading #	1/1
No.	3543
Phonetic component	复
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	福
Old Chinese	/*puɡ/

Definitions[edit]

腹

(anatomy) belly; abdomen
(figuratively) belly-shaped object; belly (of a bottle, jar, etc.)
(figuratively) heart; mind
(figuratively) inside; interior

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 肚子 (“belly”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		腹
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		腹, 腹部
Mandarin	Beijing	肚子
	Taiwan	肚子
	Harbin	肚子
	Hailar	肚子
	Ulan Hot	肚子
	Tongliao	肚子
	Chifeng	肚子
	Bayanhot	肚子
	Jinan	肚子
	Muping	肚子
	Luoyang	肚子
	Jiedian	肚子
	Xi'an	肚子
	Zhengzhou	肚
	Xining	肚子
	Xuzhou	肚子
	Yinchuan	肚子
	Lanzhou	肚子
	Ürümqi	肚子
	Wuhan	肚子
	Chengdu	肚皮, 肚子
	Guiyang	肚皮
	Guilin	肚子
	Liuzhou	肚子
	Yangzhou	肚子
	Nanjing	肚子
	Hefei	肚子
	Nantong	肚子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	肚
	Hong Kong	肚
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	肚
	Foshan	肚
	Shunde	肚
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	肚
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	肚
	Taishan	肚
	Kaiping (Chikan)	肚
	Dongguan	屎肚
	Shaoguan	肚
	Yunfu	肚
	Yangjiang	肚
	Xinyi	肚
	Lianjiang	肚
	Nanning	肚
	Wuzhou	肚
	Yulin	屎肚
	Hepu	肚煲
	Kuala Lumpur	肚
Gan	Nanchang	肚子
	Lichuan	肚仔, 肚
	Pingxiang	肚子
Hakka	Meixian	肚屎
	Xingning	肚腹
	Huidong	肚腹
	Qujiang	肚屎
	Xiaosanjiang	屎肚
	Luchuan	肚皮, 肚
	Changting	腹屎
	Pingyu	肚屎
	Wuping	肚屎
	Liancheng	腹屎
	Ninghua	腹屎
	Yudu	屎肚
	Ruijin	肚籮, 肚屎
	Shicheng	肚籮
	Shangyou	肚
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	肚屎
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	肚屎
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	肚屎
	Dongshi (Dabu)	肚屎
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	屎肚, 肚屎
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	屎肚
	Hong Kong	肚腹
	Sabah	肚腹
	Senai	肚腹
	Singkawang	肚屎
Huizhou	Jixi	肚
Jin	Taiyuan	肚子
	Xinzhou	肚子
	Baochang	肚
	Jining	肚
	Hohhot	肚
	Baotou	肚
	Dongsheng	肚子
	Linhe	肚子
	Haibowan	肚子
Min Bei	Jian'ou	腹
Min Dong	Fuzhou	腹肚
	Changle	腹肚
	Fuqing	腹肚
	Yongtai	腹肚
	Gutian	腹肚
	Fu'an	腹肚
	Ningde	腹肚
	Shouning	腹肚
	Zhouning	腹肚
	Fuding	腹肚
	Matsu	腹肚
Min Nan	Xiamen	腹肚
	Quanzhou	腹肚
	Zhangzhou	腹肚
	Taipei	腹肚
	Kaohsiung	腹肚
	Tainan	腹肚
	Taichung	腹肚
	Wuqi	腹肚
	Hsinchu	腹肚
	Taitung	腹肚
	Lukang	腹肚
	Sanxia	腹肚
	Yilan	腹肚
	Kinmen	腹肚
	Magong	腹肚
	Penang	腹肚
	Singapore	腹肚
	Pingnan	肚
	Chaozhou	肚
	Shantou	屎肚
	Haifeng	肚
	Johor Bahru	肚
	Wenchang	肚屎
	Haikou	肚, 肚屎
Puxian Min	Putian	腹肚
Puxian Min	Xianyou	腹肚
Pinghua	Nanning	肚
Pinghua	Guilin	肚子
Wu	Shanghai	肚皮
	Suzhou	肚皮
	Hangzhou	肚皮
	Wenzhou	肚
	Chongming	肚皮
	Danyang	肚皮
	Jinhua	肚皮, 肚
	Ningbo	肚皮
Xiang	Changsha	肚子
	Shuangfeng	肚子
	Loudi	肚子

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 腹

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Go-on: ふく (fuku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ふく (fuku, Jōyō)
Kun: はら (hara)

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms

一 (いっ)腹 (ぷく) (ippuku): one litter; one clutch (of eggs)
割 (かっ)腹 (ぷく) (kappuku): disembowelment
空 (くう)腹 (ふく) (kūfuku): hunger
山 (さん)腹 (ぷく) (sanpuku): mountainside
私 (し)腹 (ふく) (shifuku): his own profit
切 (せっ)腹 (ぷく) (seppuku): harakiri
鱈 (たら)腹 (ふく) (tarafuku): to one's heart's content
腹 (ふく)腔 (くう) (fukukū): abdominal cavity
腹 (ふく)話 (わ)術 (じゅつ) (fukuwajutsu): ventriloquism
腹 (ふっ)筋 (きん) (fukkin): abdominal muscles
満 (まん)腹 (ぷく) (manpuku): a glut

Kanji in this term
腹
はら Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Pronunciation[edit]

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) はら [hàráꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1]^[2]
- IPA^(key): [ha̠ɾa̠]

Noun[edit]

腹 (hiragana はら, rōmaji hara)

belly

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

自 (じ)腹 (ばら) (jibara): paying by himself (without someone's treat)
白 (しろ)腹 (はら) (shirohara): pale thrush
腹 (はら)切 (き)り (harakiri): harakiri
腹 (はら)芸 (げい) (haragei): a skill of conveying emotion without speech
ビール腹 (ばら) (bīrubara)

References[edit]

^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

腹 (eumhun 배 복 (bae bok))

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

腹 (phúc, phục)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

腹

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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