商

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

商 (radical 30 口+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜金月口 (YCBR), four-corner 0022₇, composition ⿱⿱亠丷冏)

References

• KangXi: page 194, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3803
• Dae Jaweon: page 415, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 288, character 6
• Unihan data for U+5546

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		商

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shāng (shang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: shāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄤ
    • Wade-Giles: shang¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shang
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: soeng¹
    • Yale: sēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹
    • IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɕɨɐŋ/▼

Rime
Character	商
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	式羊切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/ɕiaŋ/
Wang Li	/ɕĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shāng

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*s-taŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljaŋ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	商	商	商
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shāng	shāng	shāng
Middle Chinese	‹ syang ›	‹ syang ›	‹ syang ›
Old Chinese	/*s-taŋ/	/*s-taŋ/	/*s-taŋ/
English	musical note	(place name)	estimate; business; trader
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	商
Reading #	1/1
No.	11097
Phonetic component	商
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	商
Old Chinese	/*hljaŋ/

Noun

商

1. trade; commerce; business
2. businessman; dealer
3. (mathematics) quotient

   6除2的商是3  ―  6 chú 2 de shāng shì 3  ―  the quotient of 6 divided by 2 is 3

4. (archaic, music) the second note in the Chinese pentatonic scale

Proper noun

商

1. the Shang Dynasty

Verb

商

1. to discuss; to consult

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Japanese

Kanji

商

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: しょう (shō)
• Kan’on: しょう (shō)
• Kun: あきなう (akinau)

Compounds

Compounds

農商 (のうしょう) ‎(nōshō): agriculture and commerce

Wikipedia ^ja

Kanji in this term
商
しょう Grade: 3
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 商 ‎(syang, “commerce”).

Pronunciation

• On'yomi
• (Tokyo) しょ​う [shóꜜò] (Atamadaka - [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɕo̞ː]

Noun

商 ‎(hiragana しょう, romaji shō, historical hiragana しやう)

1. dealing, dealer, merchant
2. (arithmetic) quotient

See also

• 被除数 (ひじょすう) ‎(hijosū); 除数 (じょすう) ‎(josū); 剰余 (じょうよ) ‎(jōyo)

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Korean

Hanja

商 • ‎(sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune-Reischauer sang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

商 (thương)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.