商賈

See also: 商贾

Chinese

		commerce; consult	merchant; to buy
trad. (商賈)		商	賈
simp. (商贾)		商	贾

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shānggǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄤ ㄍㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹ gu²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shānggǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄤ ㄍㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shanggǔ
    • Wade–Giles: shang¹-ku³
    • Yale: shāng-gǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shangguu
    • Palladius: шангу (šangu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: soeng¹ gu²
    • Yale: sēung gú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹ gu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹ gu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵ kuː³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: syang kuX

Rime
Character	商	賈
Reading #	1/1	1/3
Initial (聲)	書 (26)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	式羊切	公戸切
Baxter	syang	kuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨɐŋ/	/kuoX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiɐŋ/	/kuoX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiɑŋ/	/koX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕɨaŋ/	/kɔX/
Li Rong	/ɕiaŋ/	/koX/
Wang Li	/ɕĭaŋ/	/kuX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯aŋ/	/kuoX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shāng	gǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng1	gu2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-taŋ  C.qˤaʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljaŋ  klaːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	商	賈
Reading #	3/3	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shāng	gǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ syang ›	‹ kuX ›
Old Chinese	/*s-taŋ/	/*C.qˁaʔ/
English	estimate; business; trader	merchant; do business
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	商	賈
Reading #	1/1	3/3
No.	11097	14205
Phonetic component	商	襾
Rime group	陽	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	商	古
Old Chinese	/*hljaŋ/	/*klaːʔ/

Noun

商賈

1. (literary) merchant