春秋

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Chinese

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spring (time); gay; joyful
spring (time); gay; joyful; youthful; love; lust; life
 
autumn; fall; harvest time
autumn; fall; harvest time; a swing
 
trad. (春秋)
simp. #(春秋)
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Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (24) (14)
Final () (47) (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyhwin tshjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰiuɪn/ /t͡sʰɨu/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰʷin/ /t͡sʰiu/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰjuen/ /t͡sʰiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰwin/ /t͡sʰuw/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰiuĕn/ /t͡sʰiu/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭuĕn/ /t͡sʰĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰi̯uĕn/ /t͡sʰi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chūn qiū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ceon1 cau1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chūn qiū
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhwin › ‹ tshjuw ›
Old
Chinese
/*tʰun/ /*tsʰiw/
English springtime autumn; crop

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 12573 10537
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tʰjun/ /*sʰɯw/
Notes

Noun

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春秋

  1. (literally) spring and autumn
  2. (metonymically) the four seasons
  3. (figurative) a year's time; year
  4. (figurative) person's age
    春秋鼎盛  ―  chūnqiū dǐngshèng  ―  in the prime of one's life
  5. (figurative) time (as a general concept)
  6. (figurative) annal; chronicle of events by year

Derived terms

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Proper noun

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春秋

  1. the Spring and Autumn Annals (the chronicle of the state of Lu)
  2. the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BC)

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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See also

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Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name Time period Divisions
Xia
(~朝, ~代)
2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang
(~朝, ~代)
(~朝, ~代)
1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou
(~朝, ~代)
1046 – 256 BCE Western Zhou
西周
Eastern Zhou
東周东周
Spring and Autumn period
春秋
Warring States period
戰國战国
Qin
(~朝, ~代)
221 – 206 BCE
Han
(~朝, ~代)
206 BCE – 220 C.E. Western Han
西漢西汉
Xin
(~朝)
Eastern Han
東漢东汉
Three Kingdoms
三國三国
220 – 280 C.E. Wei
Shu Han
蜀漢蜀汉
Wu
Jin
(~朝, ~代)
265 – 420 C.E. Western Jin
西晉西晋
Eastern Jin
東晉东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties
南北朝
420 – 589 C.E. Northern dynasties
北朝
Northern Wei
北魏
Western Wei
西魏
Eastern Wei
東魏东魏
Northern Zhou
北周
Northern Qi
北齊北齐
Southern dynasties
南朝
Liu Song
劉宋刘宋
Southern Qi
南齊南齐
Liang
(~朝, ~代)
Chen
(~朝, ~代)
Sui
(~朝, ~代)
581 – 618 C.E.
Tang
(~朝, ~代)
618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
五代十國五代十国
907 – 960 C.E.
Liao
(~朝, ~代)
907 – 1125 C.E.
Song
(~朝, ~代)
960 – 1279 C.E. Northern Song
北宋
Southern Song
南宋
Western Xia
西夏
1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin
(~朝, ~代)
1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao
西遼西辽
1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan
(~朝, ~代)
1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming
(~朝, ~代)
1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing
(~朝, ~代)
1636 – 1912 C.E.

Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (春秋):

Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
しゅん
Grade: 2
しゅう > じゅう
Grade: 2
kan'on

From Middle Chinese compound 春秋 (MC tsyhwin tshjuw, literally “spring and autumn”). The kan'on, so probably a shift in reading after initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(しゅん)(じゅう) (shunjū

  1. spring and autumn
  2. (metonymically) a year; (by extension) one's age

Proper noun

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(しゅん)(じゅう) (Shunjū

  1. the Spring and Autumn Annals

See also

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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
はる
Grade: 2
あき
Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Compound of (haru, spring) +‎ (aki, autumn).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(はる)(あき) (haruaki

  1. spring and autumn
  2. (metonymically) a year; (by extension) one's age
    • 1212, Kamo no Chōmei, Hōjōki [The Ten-Foot Square Hut]:
      (よん)(じゅう)あまりの(はる)(あき)をおくれる(あいだ)
      yonjū amari no haruaki o okureru aida ni
      during the course of living some forty-odd years

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Proper noun

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春秋

  1. chữ Hán form of Xuân Thu.