春
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See also: 萅
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Translingual[edit]
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| Stroke order | |||
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Alternative forms[edit]
There are minor differences in where the last stroke of the top component (top-left to bottom-right diagonal) starts – on the second horizontal stroke or on the third.
Han character[edit]
春 (radical 72, 日+5, 9 strokes, cangjie input 手大日 (QKA), four-corner 50603, composition ⿱𡗗日)
Derived characters[edit]
- 偆, 㖺, 堾, 媋, 𢝣, 湷, 𬌸, 𬯌, 暙, 䐏, 椿, 瑃, 𨕌, 㿤, 睶, 𬓉, 𮄵, 蝽, 賰(䞐), 踳, 𨩃, 䮞(𩨁), 鰆(䲠), 𪂹, 𠝩, 萶, 箺, 䦮, 𩄄, 鬊, 惷, 𣕮, 𭾇, 𪃣, 蠢, 𩯥
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 493, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13844
- Dae Jaweon: page 856, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1496, character 10
- Unihan data for U+6625
Chinese[edit]
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 春 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 躉 | *tuːnʔ |
| 窀 | *rduːn, *duːn, *tun |
| 沌 | *donʔ, *duːn, *duːnʔ |
| 盹 | *tuːnʔ, *tjuns |
| 頓 | *tuːns |
| 扽 | *tuːns |
| 黗 | *tʰuːn, *tʰuːnʔ |
| 吨 | *tʰuːnʔ |
| 屯 | *duːn, *tun |
| 飩 | *duːn |
| 豘 | *duːn |
| 軘 | *duːn |
| 坉 | *duːn |
| 邨 | *duːn, *stʰuːn |
| 忳 | *duːn |
| 芚 | *duːn |
| 庉 | *duːn, *duːnʔ |
| 囤 | *duːnʔ |
| 迍 | *tun |
| 杶 | *tʰun |
| 瑃 | *tʰun |
| 椿 | *tʰun |
| 偆 | *tʰunʔ, *tʰjunʔ |
| 肫 | *tjun |
| 訰 | *tjun, *tjuns |
| 純 | *tjunʔ, *djun |
| 春 | *tʰjun |
| 蠢 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 踳 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 惷 | *tʰjunʔ |
| 蒓 | *djun |
| 賰 | *hljunʔ |
| 鬊 | *hljuns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tʰjun): semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun, “sprout”) + semantic 日 (“sun”).
The character 春 itself is probably a variant of 屯 (OC *duːn, *tun) as they are equivalent for the meaning “spring” in Old Chinese literature.
Etymology 1[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
春 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 萅 旾 | |
Related to 芚 (OC *duːn, “(of plants) to begin to grow”) (Schuessler, 2007). Also compare Khmer ដុះ (doh, “to grow; to germinate; to sprout”), as well as 穿 (OC *kʰljon, *kʰljons, “to bore through”) (ibid.).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
春
- spring (season)
- 春天 ― chūntiān ― spring
- year; age
- spring scenery
- vitality; liveliness; energy; life
- lust; lustfulness; passion; sexual desire
- 思春期 ― sīchūnqī ― puberty
- a type of alcoholic drink which is fermented from spring to winter
See also[edit]
| Seasons in Chinese · 四季 (sìjì, “four seasons”) (layout · text) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 春 (chūn, “spring”) | 夏 (xià, “summer”) | 秋 (qiū, “fall; autumn”) | 冬 (dōng, “winter”) |
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 春
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Descendants[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
春 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 膥 | |
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d(w)əj (“egg; testicle”) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
春
- (Cantonese, Hakka, Teochew) egg; roe
- (Cantonese, vulgar) testicle
- (Cantonese, vulgar) goddamn, the hell
- (Cantonese, vulgar) (Negates the meaning of the sentence)
Synonyms[edit]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 卵 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 蛋, 卵 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 蛋, 子兒 |
| Taiwan | 蛋 | |
| Malaysia | 蛋 | |
| Singapore | 蛋 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 蛋, 春 |
| Hong Kong | 蛋, 春 | |
| Macau | 蛋 | |
| Kuala Lumpur | 蛋 | |
| Singapore | 蛋 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 蛋, 卵, 春 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 卵, 春 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 卵, 春 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 卵, 春 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 卵, 春 | |
| Hsinchu (Raoping) | 卵, 春 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 卵 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 卵 |
| Quanzhou | 卵 | |
| Zhangzhou | 卵 | |
| Taipei | 卵 | |
| Kaohsiung | 卵 | |
| Tainan | 卵 | |
| Taichung | 卵 | |
| Hsinchu | 卵 | |
| Lukang | 卵 | |
| Sanxia | 卵 | |
| Yilan | 卵 | |
| Kinmen | 卵 | |
| Magong | 卵 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 卵 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 卵 | |
| Philippines (Manila Hokkien) | 卵 | |
| Chaozhou | 卵 | |
| Shantou | 卵 | |
| Jieyang | 卵 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 卵 | |
| Wenchang | 卵 | |
| Puxian Min | Putian | 卵 |
| Xianyou | 卵 | |
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- “春”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
春
- spring (season)
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 小春 (koharu, “early autumn, Indian summer”)
- 小春日和 (koharubiyori, “early autumn, Indian summer”)
- 常春 (tokoharu, “everlasting spring”)
- 初春 (hatsuharu), 初春 (shoshun, “early spring, New Year”)
- 春菊 (shungiku, “garland chrysanthemum”)
- 春秋 (shunjū, “spring and autumn, months and years, Chronicles of Lu”)
- 春秋戦国 (shunjūsengoku, “Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period in China”)
- 春一番 (haruichiban, “first storm of spring”)
- 春風 (harukaze, “spring breeze”)
- 春霞 (harugasumi, “springtime haze”)
- 春着 (harugi, “springwear, New Year's clothes”)
- 春蚕 (harugo, “spring breed of silkworms”)
- 春先 (harusaki, “beginning of spring”)
- 春雨 (harusame, “spring rain, cellophane noodles”)
- 春場所 (harubasho, “the spring sumo tournament in Osaka”)
- 春繭 (harumayu, “the spring cocoon crop”)
- 春休み (haruyasumi, “spring break”)
- 来春 (raishun, “next spring”)
- 翌春 (yokushun, “next spring”)
- 春分 (shunbun, “spring equinox, vernal equinox”)
Pronunciation[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 春 |
| はる Grade: 2 |
| kun’yomi |
Noun[edit]
- spring (season)
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- 春めく (harumeku)
See also[edit]
| Seasons in Japanese · 四季 (shiki, “four seasons”) (layout · text) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 春 (haru, “spring”), 春季 (shunki, “spring”). 春期 (shunki, “spring period”) |
夏 (natsu, “summer”), 夏季 (kaki, “summer”), 夏期 (kaki, “summer period”) |
秋 (aki, “fall; autumn”), 秋季 (shūki, “fall; autumn”), 秋期 (shūki, “fall period”) |
冬 (fuyu, “winter”), 冬季 (tōki, “winter”), 冬期 (tōki, “winter period”) |
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
春: Hán Việt readings: xuân (
春: Nôm readings: xuân[1][2][5][4][6][7], xoan[1][2][3][4][7]
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
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