春夏秋冬

Chinese

		spring (season)	summer	autumn	winter
trad. (春夏秋冬)		春	夏	秋	冬
simp. #(春夏秋冬)		春	夏	秋	冬

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chūnxiàqiūdōng

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄣ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄑㄧㄡ ㄉㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ceon¹ haa⁶ cau¹ dung¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhûn-ha-chhiû-tûng

  (Hailu, HRS): chun^ˋ ha^˖ ciu^ˋ dung^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cun¹ ha⁴ qiu¹ dung¹

• Eastern Min (BUC): chŭng-hâ-chiŭ-dĕ̤ng
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhun-hā-chhiu-tang / chhun-hē-chhiu-tang
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tshen-ya-chieu-ton

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chūnxiàqiūdōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄣ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄑㄧㄡ ㄉㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chunsiàcioudong
    • Wade–Giles: chʻun¹-hsia⁴-chʻiu¹-tung¹
    • Yale: chwūn-syà-chyōu-dūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuenshiahchioudong
    • Palladius: чуньсяцюдун (čunʹsjacjudun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ceon¹ haa⁶ cau¹ dung¹
    • Yale: chēun hah chāu dūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoen¹ haa⁶ tsau¹ dung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cên¹ ha⁶ ceo¹ dung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵ haː²² t͡sʰɐu̯⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûn-ha-chhiû-tûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: cun^ˊ ha qiu^ˊ dung^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cun¹ ha⁴ qiu¹ dung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun²⁴⁻¹¹ ha⁵⁵ t͡sʰi̯u²⁴⁻¹¹ tuŋ²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: chun^ˋ ha^˖ ciu^ˋ dung^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃʰun⁵³ ha³³ t͡sʰiu⁵³ tuŋ⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cun¹ ha⁴ qiu¹ dung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ha⁵³ t͡ɕʰiu⁴⁴ tʊŋ⁴⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chŭng-hâ-chiŭ-dĕ̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(h-)ŋa²⁴²⁽⁻²¹⁾ ^(t͡sʰ-)ʒieu⁵⁵ ^(t-)løyŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun-hā-chhiu-tang
    • Tâi-lô: tshun-hā-tshiu-tang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhunhaxchiu'dafng
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰun³³ ha⁴¹⁻²² t͡sʰiu³³ taŋ³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻²² ha²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhun-hē-chhiu-tang
    • Tâi-lô: tshun-hē-tshiu-tang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhunhexchiu'dafng
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ he³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰun⁴⁴⁻³³ he³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshen-ya-chieu-ton
    • MiniDict: tshen^平 ya chieu ton
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshen-hhia-qieu-ton
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰən⁵⁵ ɦia³³ t͡ɕʰiɤ³³ toŋ²¹/

Idiom

春夏秋冬

1. four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter; a year

Related terms

• 春天 (chūntiān, “spring (season)”)
• 夏天 (xiàtiān, “summer”)
• 秋天 (qiūtiān, “autumn”)
• 冬天 (dōngtiān, “winter”)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (春夏秋冬):

• → Japanese: 春夏秋冬(しゅんかしゅうとう) (shunkashūtō)
• → Korean: 춘하추동(春夏秋冬) (chunhachudong)
• → Vietnamese: xuân hạ thu đông (春夏秋冬)

References

• 小川尚義 (OGAWA Naoyoshi), editor (1931–1932), “春夏秋冬”, in 臺日大辭典 [Taiwanese-Japanese Dictionary]‎^[1] (overall work in Hokkien and Japanese), Taihoku: Government-General of Taiwan, →OCLC

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
春	夏	秋	冬
しゅん Grade: 2	か Grade: 2	しゅう Grade: 2	とう Grade: 2
on'yomi

Yojijukugo (四字熟語), borrowed from Literary Chinese 春夏秋冬 (chūnxiàqiūdōng).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しゅんか・しゅうとー [shúꜜǹkàshùútóó] (Atamadaka + Heiban – [1]-[0])

• (Tokyo) しゅんかしゅうとー [shúꜜǹkàshùùtòò] (Atamadaka – [1]) incorrectly approximated by the cited dictionary's restrictively simplistic single-accent style
• IPA^(key): [ɕɨ̃ŋka̠ɕɨːto̞ː]

Noun

春(しゅん)夏(か)秋(しゅう)冬(とう) • (shunkashūtō) ^{←しゆんかしうとう (syunkasiutou)?}

1. the four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and winter

   Synonym: 四季 (shiki)

2. (by extension) a whole year

   Synonym: 一年 (ichinen)

See also

Seasons in Japanese · 四(し)季(き) (shiki, “four seasons”) (layout · text) · category
春(はる) (haru, “spring”) 春(しゅん)季(き) (shunki, “spring”) 春(しゅん)期(き) (shunki, “spring period”)	夏(なつ) (natsu, “summer”) 夏(か)季(き) (kaki, “summer”) 夏(か)期(き) (kaki, “summer period”)	秋(あき) (aki, “fall; autumn”) 秋(しゅう)季(き) (shūki, “fall; autumn”) 秋(しゅう)期(き) (shūki, “fall period”)	冬(ふゆ) (fuyu, “winter”) 冬(とう)季(き) (tōki, “winter”) 冬(とう)期(き) (tōki, “winter period”)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
春	夏	秋	冬
ひととせ
Grade: 2	Grade: 2	Grade: 2	Grade: 2
jukujikun

From 一年(ひととせ) (hitotose), which consists of spring, summer, autumn and winter.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [çito̞to̞se̞]

Noun

春夏秋冬(ひととせ) • (hitotose) 

1. a surname

Korean

Hanja in this term
春	夏	秋	冬

Noun

春夏秋冬 • (chunhachudong) (hangeul 춘하추동)

1. hanja form^? of 춘하추동 (“the four seasons; all the year round; always”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
春	夏	秋	冬

Noun

春夏秋冬

1. chữ Hán form of xuân hạ thu đông (“the four seasons”)