倫

See also: 伦

倫 U+502B, 倫 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-502B ← 倪 [U+502A] CJK Unified Ideographs 倬 → [U+502C]

倫 U+F9D4, 倫 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9D4 ← 陸 [U+F9D3] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 崙 → [U+F9D5]

Translingual

Han character

倫 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人人一月 (OOMB), four-corner 2822₇, composition ⿰亻侖)

Derived characters

• 𠹹, 溣, 𨫅, 𦷉

References

• KangXi: page 109, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 793
• Dae Jaweon: page 232, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 181, character 1
• Unihan data for U+502B

• Unihan data for U+F9D4

Chinese

trad.		倫
simp.		伦

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 倫
Small seal script s05751 Transcribed ancient scripts L31442 L31443 L31444 L31445 L31446 L05384 L05385 L05386 L05387 L05388 L05389 L05390
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (侖) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蜦	*ruːls, *run
綸	*kruːn, *ɡ·run
論	*ruːn, *ruːns, *run
崘	*ruːn
掄	*ruːn, *run
菕	*ruːn
惀	*ruːnʔ, *run
睔	*ɡ·ruːnʔ, *kuːns, *ɡuːnʔ
碖	*ruːnʔ, *ruːns
溣	*ruːns
倫	*run
淪	*run
輪	*run
侖	*run
陯	*run
鯩	*run
棆	*run
踚	*run
耣	*runʔ
錀	*pqʰlun

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *run): semantic 人 + phonetic 侖 (OC *run).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lún (lun²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄣˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): leon⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): lùn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): lun²

• Min Dong (BUC): lùng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): lûn

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lung⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): ³len

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lún
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄣˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lún
    • Wade–Giles: lun²
    • Yale: lwún
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luen
    • Palladius: лунь (lunʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lwən³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: leon⁴
    • Yale: lèuhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: loen⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: lên⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɵn²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lùn
    • Hakka Romanization System: lunˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: lun²
    • Sinological IPA: /lun¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: lun²
    • Sinological IPA: /lun¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: lùng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃uŋ⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lûn
    • Tâi-lô: lûn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: luun
    • IPA (Xiamen): /lun²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /lun²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lun¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lun²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lun²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lung⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lûng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /luŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: ³len
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ləɲ²³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 倫
Mandarin	Beijing	/luən³⁵/
	Harbin	/luən²⁴/
	Tianjin	/luən⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/luẽ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/luə̃⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/luən⁴²/
	Xi'an	/lyẽ²⁴/
	Xining	/lyə̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/luŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/lũn⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/luŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/nən²¹³/
	Chengdu	/nən³¹/
	Guiyang	/len²¹/
	Kunming	/luə̃³¹/
	Nanjing	/lun²⁴/
	Hefei	/lən⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/luəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/luŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/lỹŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ləŋ²³/
	Suzhou	/lən¹³/
	Hangzhou	/len²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/laŋ³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/lʌ̃⁴⁴/
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/lən¹³/
	Xiangtan	/nən¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/lɨn⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/lun¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/lin⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/løn²¹/
	Nanning	/lɐn²¹/
	Hong Kong	/løn²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/lun³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/luŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/lœyŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/luŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/lun³¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: /liuɪn/

Rime
Character	倫
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力迍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liuɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷin/
Shao Rongfen	/ljuen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwin/
Li Rong	/liuĕn/
Wang Li	/lĭuĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯uĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lún
Expected Cantonese Reflex	leon4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]u[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*run/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	倫
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lún
Middle Chinese	‹ lwin ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]u[n]/
English	relationship; order; category
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倫
Reading #	1/1
No.	8661
Phonetic component	侖
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	淪
Old Chinese	/*run/

Definitions

倫

1. ^† the same type/kind/class; equal; match

   無與倫比／无与伦比  ―  wúyǔlúnbǐ  ―  beyond compare; unrivaled; unequalled; in a class of its own

   絕倫／绝伦  ―  juélún  ―  unsurpassed; unequalled; peerless; matchless

2. normal human relationships; ethics

   倫理／伦理  ―  lúnlǐ  ―  ethics; morality; moral principles

   倫常／伦常  ―  lúncháng  ―  feudal order of importance or seniority in human relationships

   人倫／人伦  ―  rénlún  ―  human relations (according to feudal ethics)

3. ^† reason; logic
4. coherence; order; logical sequence

   語無倫次／语无伦次  ―  yǔwúlúncì  ―  to speak incoherently

5. a surname

Compounds

Derived terms from 倫

• 不倫／不伦 (bùlún)
• 不倫不類／不伦不类 (bùlúnbùlèi)
• 不逮人倫／不逮人伦
• 亂倫／乱伦 (luànlún)
• 五倫／五伦 (wǔlún)
• 人倫／人伦 (rénlún)
• 伶倫／伶伦
• 倫儔／伦俦
• 倫匹／伦匹
• 倫巴／伦巴 (lúnbā)
• 倫常／伦常 (lúncháng)
• 倫序／伦序
• 倫敦／伦敦 (Lúndūn)
• 倫敦宣言／伦敦宣言
• 倫敦影展／伦敦影展
• 倫敦鐵塔／伦敦铁塔
• 倫次／伦次 (lúncì)
• 倫比／伦比 (lúnbǐ)
• 倫理／伦理 (lúnlǐ)
• 倫理學／伦理学 (lúnlǐxué)
• 倫理道德／伦理道德
• 倫紀／伦纪
• 倫類／伦类
• 傑克倫敦／杰克伦敦
• 傲視群倫／傲视群伦
• 儕倫／侪伦
• 克倫威爾／克伦威尔
• 克魯倫河／克鲁伦河
• 出倫之才／出伦之才
• 加倫河／加伦河
• 勞倫斯／劳伦斯 (Láolúnsī)
• 卓絕群倫／卓绝群伦
• 卡倫／卡伦
• 可倫坡／可伦坡 (Kělúnpō)

• 呼倫池／呼伦池
• 哥倫布／哥伦布 (Gēlúnbù)
• 哥倫比亞／哥伦比亚 (Gēlúnbǐyà)
• 噶倫／噶伦 (gálún)
• 土倫／土伦 (Tǔlún)
• 多倫多／多伦多 (Duōlúnduō)
• 多倫縣／多伦县
• 大倫／大伦
• 天倫／天伦 (tiānlún)
• 天倫之慘／天伦之惨
• 天倫之樂／天伦之乐 (tiānlúnzhīlè)
• 天倫庭闈／天伦庭闱
• 工作倫理／工作伦理
• 巴比倫／巴比伦 (Bābǐlún)
• 布倫口／布伦口 (Bùlúnkǒu)
• 布倫托海／布伦托海
• 布倫森／布伦森
• 常倫／常伦
• 庫倫／库伦 (kùlún)
• 彝倫／彝伦
• 彝倫攸斁／彝伦攸𭣧
• 彥倫鶴怨／彦伦鹤怨
• 悖倫／悖伦
• 愛倫凱／爱伦凯
• 愛倫坡／爱伦坡
• 拜倫／拜伦 (Bàilún)
• 敦倫／敦伦 (dūnlún)
• 敷教明倫／敷教明伦
• 明倫堂／明伦堂
• 曠古絕倫／旷古绝伦
• 校園倫理／校园伦理
• 海倫／海伦 (Hǎilún)
• 烏蘭木倫／乌兰木伦 (Wūlánmùlún)
• 無與倫比／无与伦比 (wúyǔlúnbǐ)

• 穎悟絕倫／颖悟绝伦
• 等倫／等伦
• 精妙絕倫／精妙绝伦
• 精美絕倫／精美绝伦
• 精采絕倫／精采绝伦
• 索倫／索伦 (Suǒlún)
• 絕世無倫／绝世无伦
• 絕世超倫／绝世超伦
• 絕倫／绝伦 (juélún)
• 絕倫超群／绝伦超群
• 綱常倫紀／纲常伦纪
• 羅家倫／罗家伦
• 群倫／群伦
• 舉世無倫／举世无伦
• 色藝絕倫／色艺绝伦
• 荒謬絕倫／荒谬绝伦 (huāngmiùjuélún)
• 華倫泰節／华伦泰节
• 蔡倫／蔡伦
• 裴倫／裴伦
• 語妙絕倫／语妙绝伦
• 語無倫次／语无伦次 (yǔwúlúncì)
• 超世絕倫／超世绝伦
• 超倫／超伦
• 超然邁倫／超然迈伦
• 超絕群倫／超绝群伦
• 超群絕倫／超群绝伦
• 超邁絕倫／超迈绝伦
• 越次超倫／越次超伦
• 軼倫／轶伦
• 逆倫／逆伦
• 逸群絕倫／逸群绝伦
• 鄂倫春族／鄂伦春族 (Èlúnchūnzú)
• 領先群倫／领先群伦
• 麥哲倫／麦哲伦 (Màizhélún)

Japanese

Kanji

倫

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. ethics

Readings

• Go-on: りん (rin, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: りん (rin, Jōyō)
• Kun: たぐい (tagui, 倫); ついで (tsuide, 倫で); みち (michi, 倫)

Proper noun

倫(りん) • (Rin) 

1. a male given name

Compounds

• 倫理(りんり) (rinri)
• 倫敦(ロンドン) (Rondon)
• 絶倫(ぜつりん) (zetsurin)

Korean

Hanja

倫, eumhun 인륜 륜 (illyun ryun), South Korea 인륜 윤 (illyun yun)

1. Hanja form^? of 륜/윤 (“morality, humanity, ethics”).
2. Hanja form^? of 륜/윤 (“duty”).

Vietnamese

Han character

倫: Hán Nôm readings: luân, luồn, lùn, lụm

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.