梁

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See also: 粱 and 樑
梁 U+6881, 梁
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6881
← 梀
[U+6880] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 梂 →
[U+6882]
梁 U+F97A, 梁
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F97A
← 凉
[U+F979] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 糧 →
[U+F97B]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional 梁
Simplified 梁
Japanese 梁
Korean 梁

Han character[edit]

梁 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 水金木 (ECD) or 水戈木 (EID), four-corner 33904, composition ⿱⿰氵刅ホ)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 528, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14825
  • Dae Jaweon: page 916, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1220, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+6881

Chinese[edit]

trad. 梁
simp. # 梁
alternative forms 鿄
𣸑
渿
𣹷
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 梁
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (刅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
梁 *raŋ
粱 *raŋ
刱 *sʰraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *raŋ): semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 刅 (OC *sʰraŋ) + semantic 木 (“wood”) — a bridge.

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Are the noun senses related to the proper noun senses?”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • niû/niô͘ - vernacular (incl. surname);
  • liông/liâng - literary.
Note:
  • nion5, niên5 - vernacular, incl. surname (niên5 - Chaozhou);
  • liang5 - literary.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 梁
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 來 (37)
    Final (韻) 陽 (105)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 呂章切
    Baxter ljang
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/lɨɐŋ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/liɐŋ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/liɑŋ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/lɨaŋ/
    Li
    Rong         		/liaŋ/
    Wang
    Li         		/lĭaŋ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/li̯aŋ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		liáng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		loeng4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 梁
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		liáng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ ljang ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*raŋ/
    English beam; bridge

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 梁
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 1648
    Phonetic
    component         		刅
    Rime
    group         		陽
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		良
    Old
    Chinese         		/*raŋ/

    Definitions[edit]

    梁

    1. Alternative form of 樑 (liáng, “bridge; roof beam; ridge”); also the simplified form.
    2. (historical) state of Liang
      1. An ancient Chinese state during the Spring and Autumn period
      2. An ancient Chinese state of Wei after moving its capital to Daliang
      3. An ancient Chinese state during the Han dynasty
      4. An ancient Chinese state during the Jin (晉／晋 (jìn)) dynasty
      5. One of two ancient Chinese states during the end of the Sui dynasty
    3. (historical) Liang dynasty
      1. Southern Liang, one of the Southern Dynasties
      2. Later Liang of the Five Dynasties
    4. a surname
      梁山伯  ―  Liáng Shānbó  ―  Liang Shanbo (in the legend of Butterfly Lovers)
      梁啟超／梁启超  ―  Liáng Qǐchāo  ―  Liang Qichao (Chinese intellectual and politician who lived during the late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of China)

    Synonyms[edit]

    See also[edit]

    Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
    Name Time period Divisions
    Xia
    夏 (～朝, ～代)     		2070 – 1600 BCE
    Shang
    商 (～朝, ～代)
    殷 (～朝, ～代)     		1600 – 1046 BCE
    Zhou
    周 (～朝, ～代)     		1046 – 256 BCE Western Zhou
    西周
    Eastern Zhou
    東周／东周    		 Spring and Autumn period
    春秋
    Warring States period
    戰國／战国
    Qin
    秦 (～朝, ～代)     		221 – 206 BCE
    Han
    漢／汉 (～朝, ～代)     		206 BCE – 220 C.E. Western Han
    西漢／西汉
    Xin
    新 (～朝)
    Eastern Han
    東漢／东汉
    Three Kingdoms
    三國／三国     		220 – 280 C.E. Wei
    魏
    Shu Han
    蜀漢／蜀汉
    Wu
    吳／吴
    Jin
    晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)     		265 – 420 C.E. Western Jin
    西晉／西晋
    Eastern Jin
    東晉／东晋
    Southern and Northern dynasties
    南北朝     		420 – 589 C.E. Northern dynasties
    北朝    		 Northern Wei
    北魏
    Western Wei
    西魏
    Eastern Wei
    東魏／东魏
    Northern Zhou
    北周
    Northern Qi
    北齊／北齐
    Southern dynasties
    南朝    		 Liu Song
    劉宋／刘宋
    Southern Qi
    南齊／南齐
    Liang
    梁 (～朝, ～代)
    Chen
    陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
    Sui
    隋 (～朝, ～代)     		581 – 618 C.E.
    Tang
    唐 (～朝, ～代)     		618 – 907 C.E.
    Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
    五代十國／五代十国     		907 – 960 C.E.
    Liao
    遼／辽 (～朝, ～代)     		907 – 1125 C.E.
    Song
    宋 (～朝, ～代)     		960 – 1279 C.E. Northern Song
    北宋
    Southern Song
    南宋
    Western Xia
    西夏     		1038 – 1227 C.E.
    Jin
    金 (～朝, ～代)     		1115 – 1234 C.E.
    Western Liao
    西遼／西辽     		1124 – 1218 C.E.
    Yuan
    元 (～朝, ～代)     		1271 – 1368 C.E.
    Ming
    明 (～朝, ～代)     		1368 – 1644 C.E.
    Qing
    清 (～朝, ～代)     		1636 – 1912 C.E.

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (梁):
    • → Korean: 양(梁) (Yang)
    • → Vietnamese: Lương (梁)

    Others:

    Compounds[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja

    Kanji[edit]

    梁

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    Readings[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    梁(はり) • (hari) 

    1. beam, joist

    梁(やな) • (yana) 

    1. fish trap, fish weir

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 梁 (MC ljang). Recorded as Middle Korean 랴ᇰ (lyang) (Yale: lyang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    梁 (eumhun 들보 량 (deulbo ryang), South Korea 들보 양 (deulbo yang))

    1. Hanja form? of 량/양 (“beam; bridge”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    梁: Hán Nôm readings: lương

    1. chữ Hán form of Lương (“a surname from Chinese.”).
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