糧

See also: 粮

糧	U+7CE7, 糧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CE7

← 糦
[U+7CE6]

CJK Unified Ideographs

糨 →
[U+7CE8]

糧	U+F97B, 糧 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F97B

← 梁
[U+F97A]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

良 →
[U+F97C]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

糧 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+12, 18 strokes, cangjie input 火木日一土 (FDAMG), four-corner 9691₄, composition ⿰米量)

References[edit]

Kangxi Dictionary: page 913, character 7
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27132
Dae Jaweon: page 1340, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3160, character 12
Unihan data for U+7CE7

Unihan data for U+F97B

Chinese[edit]

trad.		糧
simp.		粮
alternative forms		粮𥣷𩞯𣊼 ⿰米卜

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (量) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
糧	*raŋ
量	raŋ, raŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *raŋ) : semantic 米 + phonetic 量 (OC *raŋ, *raŋs).

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): liáng (liang²)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄤˊ

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): лён (li͡on, I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): loeng⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liòng
Jin (Wiktionary): lion¹
Eastern Min (BUC): liòng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): niû / niô͘ / liông / liâng

(Teochew, Peng'im): nion⁵ / niên⁵
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶lian

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: liáng
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄤˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: liáng
  - Wade–Giles: liang²
  - Yale: lyáng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liang
  - Palladius: лян (ljan)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li̯ɑŋ³⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: лён (li͡on, I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /liɑŋ²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: loeng⁴
  - Yale: lèuhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: loeng⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: lêng⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lœːŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liòng
  - Hakka Romanization System: liongˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: liong²
  - Sinological IPA: /li̯oŋ¹¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: lion¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /liɒ̃¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: liòng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃uoŋ⁵³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: niû
  - Tâi-lô: niû
  - Phofsit Daibuun: niuu
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /niũ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /niũ²³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: niô͘
  - Tâi-lô: niôo
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /niɔ̃¹³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liông
  - Tâi-lô: liông
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lioong
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɔŋ²³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /liɔŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liâng
  - Tâi-lô: liâng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liaang
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liaŋ¹³/

Note:

niû/niô͘ - vernacular;
liông/liâng - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: nion⁵ / niên⁵
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: niôⁿ / niêⁿ
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /nĩõ⁵⁵/, /nĩẽ⁵⁵/

Note:

nion5 - Shantou, Jieyang, Chaoyang;
niên5 - Chaozhou, Chenghai.

Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶lian
  - MiniDict: lian^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³lian
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /liã²³/

Middle Chinese: ljang

Rime
Character	糧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	呂章切
Baxter	ljang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/liɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/liɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/liaŋ/
Wang Li	/lĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	liáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	loeng⁴

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]aŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*raŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	糧
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liáng
Middle Chinese	‹ ljang ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]aŋ/
English	grain, provisions
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	糧
Reading #	1/1
No.	8063
Phonetic component	量
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime
Old Chinese	/*raŋ/
Notes	同糧

Definitions[edit]

糧

grain; provisions; food
(Cantonese) salary (Classifier: 份 c)
a surname

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

“糧”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
“Entry #12576”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

糧

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

food, provisions

Readings[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
糧
かて Grade: S
kun’yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 糧 – see the following entry.

【かて】	[noun] food [noun] (figurative) guiding material for future endeavors

(This term, 糧, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

糧 (eumhun 양식 량 (yangsik ryang), South Korea 양식 양 (yangsik yang))

Hanja form^? of 량/양 (“food, grain, provisions”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

糧: Hán Nôm readings: lương

salary

糧

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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糧

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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