宿

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
宿 U+5BBF, 宿
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BBF
← 宾
[U+5BBE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 寀 →
[U+5BC0]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

宿 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十人一日 (JOMA), four-corner 30261, composition ⿱宀佰)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 287, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7195
  • Dae Jaweon: page 568, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 938, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+5BBF

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 宿
alternative forms 㝛

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 宿
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (宿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
宿 *suɡs, *suɡ
蓿 *suɡ
縮 *sruɡ
樎 *sruɡ
蹜 *sruɡ
摍 *sruɡ

In the oracle bone script, an ideogrammic compound (會意): 人 (“person”) + [Term?] (“bamboo mat”) – a person resting on a mat. Sometimes a house (宀) was added.

Later the pictogram of the bamboo mat became 㐁 or 𠀬, and eventually came to be written 百.

Contrast 寒.

Etymology[edit]

“To stay overnight; lodge > night; mansion of the zodiac [i.e. the Sun's lodging stations]”
Probably related to Austroasiatic: cf. Old Khmer *ruk (“to take cover or shelter”) > Khmer ជ្រុក (cruk, “shelter; refuge”), Khmer ស្រុក (srok, “settlement; village”) (Schuessler, 2007). Benedict (1972) relates it to the Tibeto-Burman terms listed in the etymology of 夜 (OC *laːɡs, “night”), however the phonetics is difficult to reconcile in the current reconstructions.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • sù - literary (all senses);
  • xiǔ - vernacular (classifier “night”).
  • Cantonese
  • Hakka
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • siok - literary;
    • sok - vernacular;
    • sek/siak - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 宿
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 東 (4)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 息逐切
    Baxter sjuwk
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/sɨuk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siuk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/siuk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/suwk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/siuk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭuk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯uk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		su
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		suk1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 宿
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		sù
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjuwk ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]uk/
    English spend the night

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 宿
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 12105
    Phonetic
    component         		宿
    Rime
    group         		覺
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		肅
    Old
    Chinese         		/*suɡ/

    Definitions[edit]

    宿

    1. to stay overnight; to lodge
    2. to reside; to live; to dwell
    3. lodge; lodging station; residence
    4. perching bird; resting bird
    5. to keep watch at night; to be on night duty
    6. night; nighttime
    7. Classifier for the number of nights: night
      借宿一宿  ―  jièsù yī xiǔ  ―  to stay for one night
    8. to be content with
    9. to stay; to stay behind; to delay; to stop over; to be stationed
    10. (from) last night; the previous night; overnight
    11. (from) last year; spanning two years
    12. the past; former times
    13. old; longstanding
    14. big; great; considerable
    15. old and experienced; skilful; master
    16. renowned person; someone of high standing
    17. Alternative form of 夙 (sù, “usually; normally”)
    18. predestined; preordained
      宿命  ―  sùmìng  ―  destiny [lit. predestined life]
    19. in advance; beforehand
    20. Alternative form of 肅／肃 (sù, “respectful; solemn”)
    21. Alternative form of 肅／肃 (sù, “to admonish; to warn”)
    22. Alternative form of 肅／肃 (sù, “to offer”)
    23. (～國) (historical) The name of an ancient state located in modern-day Dongping county in Shandong province.
    24. (～州) (historical) The name of an ancient prefecture during the Tang dynasty, located in modern-day Suzhou city in Anhui province.
    25. (～縣) (historical) The name of an abolished county, now the Suzhou city in Anhui province.
    26. Short for 宿州 (Sùzhōu, “Suzhou city in Anhui province”).
    27. a surname

    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Rime
    Character 宿
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 尤 (136)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 息救切
    Baxter sjuwH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/sɨuH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siuH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/siəuH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/suwH/
    Li
    Rong         		/siuH/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭəuH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯ə̯uH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xiù
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sau3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 宿
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xiù
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjuwH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]uk-s/
    English "mansion" of the zodiac (where the moon is found on successive nights)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 宿
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 12104
    Phonetic
    component         		宿
    Rime
    group         		幽
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		秀
    Old
    Chinese         		/*suɡs/

    Definitions[edit]

    宿

    1. (archaic, Chinese astronomy) constellation; “mansion” of the zodiac

    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation 3[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    宿

    1. Only used in 宿宿 (sùsù, “walking slowly in small steps”).

    Pronunciation 4[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    宿

    1. † Alternative form of 戚 (Qī, “name of a county in the State of Wei”)

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    宿

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. lodging, inn
    2. home

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    宿
    やど
    Grade: 3
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 宿 – see the following entry.
    【やど】
    [noun] lodging, inn
    [noun] house, home
    (This term, 宿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    宿
    しゅく
    Grade: 3
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sjuwH|sjuwk).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    宿(しゅく) • (shuku) ←しゆく (syuku)?

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    宿
    しゅく
    Grade: 3
    on’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 宿 – see the following entry.
    【しゅく】
    [noun] (historical) shuku, a class of outcast in medieval and pre-modern Kinki region
    Alternative spellings
    夙, 守公, 守宮
    (This term, 宿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sjuwk).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    宿 (eumhun 잘 숙 (jal suk))

    1. Hanja form? of 숙 (“sleep; lodging”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 2[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sjuwH).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation[edit]

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰu(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [수(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja[edit]

    宿 (eumhun 별자리 수 (byeoljari su))

    1. Hanja form? of 수 (“(Chinese astronomy) constellation; “mansion” of the zodiac”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    宿: Hán Nôm readings: túc, tú

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=宿&oldid=73763053"