頂

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See also: 顶 and 項
頂 U+9802, 頂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9802
← 頁
[U+9801] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 頃 →
[U+9803]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

Stroke order
11 strokes

頂 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+2, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一弓一月金 (MNMBC), four-corner 11286, composition ⿰丁頁)

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1399, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43335
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1915, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4355, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+9802

Chinese[edit]

trad. 頂
simp. 顶
alternative forms 𩠑

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 頂
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
圢 *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ
町 *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ
打 *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ
盯 *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ
朾 *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ
丁 *rteːŋ, *teːŋ
玎 *rteːŋ, *teːŋ
虰 *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ
揨 *rdeːŋ
釘 *teːŋ, *teːŋs
靪 *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ
仃 *teːŋ
叮 *teːŋ
疔 *teːŋ
頂 *teːŋʔ
奵 *teːŋʔ
耵 *teːŋʔ
酊 *teːŋʔ
葶 *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ
矴 *teːŋs
訂 *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ
飣 *teːŋs
汀 *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs
艼 *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ
庁 *tʰeːŋ
婷 *deːŋ
停 *deːŋ
聤 *deːŋ
渟 *deːŋ
楟 *deːŋ
亭 *deːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋʔ): phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ) + semantic 頁 (“head”).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part”) (STEDT). The sense “damn” is a clipping of 頂你個肺／顶你个肺 (ding2 nei5 go3 fai3).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • deng2 - vernacular;
  • ding2 - literary.
  • Gan
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 頂
    Mandarin Beijing /tiŋ²¹⁴/
    Harbin /tiŋ²¹³/
    Tianjin /tiŋ¹³/
    Jinan /tiŋ⁵⁵/
    Qingdao /tiŋ⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /tiŋ⁵³/
    Xi'an /tiŋ⁵³/
    Xining /tiə̃⁵³/
    Yinchuan /tiŋ⁵³/
    Lanzhou /tĩn⁴⁴²/
    Ürümqi /tiŋ⁵¹/
    Wuhan /tin⁴²/
    Chengdu /tin⁵³/
    Guiyang /tin⁴²/
    Kunming /tĩ⁵³/
    Nanjing /tin²¹²/
    Hefei /tin²⁴/
    Jin Taiyuan /ti⁵³/ ～事
    /tiəŋ⁵³/ ～針
    Pingyao /tiŋ⁵³/
    /ti⁵³/ ～住
    Hohhot /tĩŋ⁵³/
    Wu Shanghai /tiŋ³⁵/
    Suzhou /tin⁵¹/
    Hangzhou /tin⁵³/
    Wenzhou /teŋ³⁵/
    Hui Shexian /tiʌ̃³⁵/
    Tunxi /tɛ³¹/
    Xiang Changsha /tin⁴¹/
    Xiangtan /tin⁴²/
    Gan Nanchang /tin²¹³/
    Hakka Meixian /tin³¹/
    /taŋ³¹/ 山～
    Taoyuan /tɑŋ³¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /teŋ³⁵/
    /tɛŋ³⁵/
    Nanning /tɛŋ³⁵/
    Hong Kong /tiŋ³⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tiŋ⁵³/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tiŋ³²/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /taiŋ²¹/ 头～
    /tiaŋ²¹/ ～嘴
    Shantou (Min Nan) /teŋ⁵³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdeŋ²¹³/
    Rime
    Character 頂
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 端 (5)
    Final (韻) 青 (125)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) IV
    Fanqie 都挺切
    Baxter tengX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/teŋX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/teŋX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/tɛŋX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/tɛjŋX/
    Li
    Rong         		/teŋX/
    Wang
    Li         		/tieŋX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/tieŋX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		dǐng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		ding2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 頂
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		dǐng
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tengX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tˁeŋʔ/
    English top of the head

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 頂
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 2386
    Phonetic
    component         		丁
    Rime
    group         		耕
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		頂
    Old
    Chinese         		/*teːŋʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    頂

    1. top of the head; crown
    2. top; peak
      山頂／山顶  ―  shāndǐng  ―  mountain top
    3. to carry on the head
    4. to prop up; to support (from below)
    5. to substitute; to replace
    6. to retort; to talk back
    7. to butt; to strike (with the head)
    8. to withstand; to confront
    9. most; exceedingly; best
    10. Classifier for objects with a top, such as hats and palanquins. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
      兩頂帽／两顶帽 [Cantonese]  ―  loeng5 deng2 mou6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  two hats
      一頂轎子／一顶轿子  ―  yī dǐng jiàozi  ―  a palanquin
    11. (Min Nan) Classifier for vehicles. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
    12. (Min Nan) in front; ahead; above; before; previously
    13. (chiefly Mainland China, Internet slang) to "bump" a forum thread to raise its profile; like; upvote
    14. (Cantonese, mildly vulgar) damn!
      頂！我唔記得帶鎖匙出門口！ [Cantonese, trad.]
      顶！我唔记得带锁匙出门口！ [Cantonese, simp.]
      ding2! ngo5 m4 gei3 dak1 daai3 so2 ci4 ceot1 mun4 hau2! [Jyutping]
      Damn! I’ve forgotten to take my key(s) out!

    Synonyms[edit]

    Dialectal synonyms of 頂 (“(classifier for hats)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 頂
    Mandarin Beijing 頂
    Taiwan 頂
    Tianjin 頂
    Chengde 頂
    Tangshan 頂
    Cangzhou 頂
    Baoding 頂
    Shijiazhuang 頂
    Chifeng 頂
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 頂
    Heihe 頂
    Qiqihar 頂
    Harbin 頂
    Jiamusi 頂
    Baicheng 頂
    Changchun 頂
    Tonghua 頂
    Shenyang 頂
    Dandong 頂
    Jinzhou 頂
    Dalian 頂
    Yantai 頂
    Yantai (Muping) 頂
    Qingdao 頂
    Lijin 頂
    Zhucheng 頂
    Jinan 頂
    Jining 頂
    Luoyang 頂
    Wanrong 頂
    Shangqiu 頂
    Yuanyang 頂
    Zhengzhou 頂
    Lingbao 頂
    Xinyang 頂
    Baihe 頂
    Hanzhong 頂
    Xi'an 頂
    Baoji 頂, 個
    Yinchuan 頂
    Tianshui 頂
    Lanzhou 頂
    Dunhuang 頂
    Xining 頂
    Hami 頂
    Ürümqi 頂
    Wuhan 頂
    Yichang 頂
    Xiangyang 頂
    Tianmen 頂
    Hong'an 頂
    Chengdu 頂
    Nanchong 頂
    Dazhou 頂
    Hanyuan 頂
    Xichang 頂
    Zigong 頂
    Chongqing 頂
    Guiyang 頂
    Zunyi 頂
    Bijie 頂
    Liping 個
    Zhaotong 頂
    Dali 頂
    Kunming 頂
    Mengzi 頂
    Guilin 頂
    Liuzhou 頂
    Jishou 頂
    Changde 頂
    Anqing 頂
    Xuzhou 頂
    Fuyang 頂
    Wuhu 頂
    Yangzhou 頂
    Lianyungang 頂
    Lianshui 頂
    Nanjing 頂
    Hefei 頂
    Nantong 頂
    Singapore 頂
    Cantonese Guangzhou 頂
    Hong Kong 頂
    Dongguan 頂
    Gan Nanchang 頂
    Lichuan 頂
    Pingxiang 頂
    Hakka Meixian 頂
    Yudu 頂
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 頂
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 頂
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 頂
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 頂
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 頂
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 頂
    Huizhou Jixi 頂
    Shexian 頂
    Jin Taiyuan 頂
    Yangyuan 頂
    Datong 頂
    Xinzhou 頂
    Lishi 頂
    Linfen 頂
    Changzhi 頂
    Linhe 頂
    Jining 頂
    Hohhot 頂
    Erenhot 頂
    Pingshan 頂
    Zhangjiakou 頂
    Handan 頂
    Linzhou 頂
    Suide 頂
    Min Bei Jian'ou 頂
    Min Dong Fuqing 頂
    Min Nan Xiamen 頂
    Quanzhou 頂
    Zhangzhou 頂
    Tainan 頂
    Zhangping (Yongfu) 頂
    Haikou 頂
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 頂
    Wu Shanghai 頂
    Suzhou 頂
    Danyang 頂
    Hangzhou 頂
    Ningbo 頂
    Wenzhou 頂
    Jinhua 頂
    Xiang Changsha 頂
    Dialectal synonyms of 輛 (“(classifier for vehicles)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 輛, 部
    Mandarin Beijing 輛, 掛 >
    Taiwan 輛, 臺
    Jinan 輛, 掛 >
    Luoyang 輛, 部
    Xi'an 輛, 掛 >
    Yinchuan 輛
    Xining 輛
    Ürümqi 輛, 部
    Wuhan 乘, 部
    Chengdu 架, 掛, 輛
    Guiyang 部
    Liuzhou 部
    Xuzhou 輛, 部
    Yangzhou 掛, 輛
    Nanjing 部, 輛, 掛 dated
    Hefei 掛, 架
    Malaysia 輛
    Singapore 輛
    Cantonese Guangzhou 架, 部
    Hong Kong 架, 部
    Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 架
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 架
    Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 架
    Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 架
    Macau 架
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 架
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 架
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 架
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 架
    Foshan 架
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 架
    Foshan (Shunde) 架
    Foshan (Sanshui) 架
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 架
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 架
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 架
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 部
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 架
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 架
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 架
    Taishan 架
    Kaiping (Chikan) 架
    Enping (Niujiang) 架
    Heshan (Yayao) 架
    Dongguan 架
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 架
    Yangjiang 架
    Nanning 架
    Danzhou 架
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 堂
    Gan Nanchang 隻, 部
    Pingxiang 部
    Hakka Meixian 輛, 架
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 輛
    Huiyang 架
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 架
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 架
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 架
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 輛
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 架
    Wengyuan 輛
    Liannan 架, 部
    Conghua (Lütian) 架
    Jiexi 輛
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 輛
    Changting 架
    Wuping (Yanqian) 輛
    Ninghua 輛
    Ningdu 部
    Tonggu (Sandu) 部
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 頂
    Dayu 部, 輛
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 臺
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 臺
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 臺, 輛
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 臺
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 臺, 輛
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 輛
    Hong Kong 架
    Yangxi (Tangkou) 部
    Yangchun (Sanjia) 部
    Xinyi (Sihe) 部
    Xinyi (Qianpai) 部
    Gaozhou (Xindong) 架
    Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 架
    Huazhou (Xin'an) 部
    Lianjiang (Shijiao) 部
    Mengshan (Xihe) 部, 個
    Luchuan 架
    Senai (Huiyang) 床
    Singkawang 輛, 臺, 堂
    Huizhou Jixi 部
    Jin Taiyuan 輛, 掛 >, 部
    Xinzhou 輛
    Min Bei Jian'ou 架
    Min Dong Fuzhou 架, 部
    Changle 架
    Fuqing 架, 門
    Yongtai 架
    Gutian 架
    Fu'an 架
    Ningde 架
    Shouning 部
    Zhouning 篷
    Fuding 架
    Min Nan Xiamen 頂, 部, 把
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 頂
    Quanzhou 頂, 把
    Jinjiang 把, 頂
    Yongchun 頂
    Zhangzhou 頂
    Zhangpu 頂
    Tainan 臺
    Penang (Hokkien) 頂
    Singapore (Hokkien) 頂
    Manila (Hokkien) 頂
    Pingnan (Shangdu) 架
    Chaozhou 張, 隻
    Raoping 張
    Shantou 隻
    Shantou (Chenghai) 隻
    Haifeng 輛, 部
    Bangkok (Teochew) 隻
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 隻
    Singapore (Teochew) 頂, 張
    Leizhou 架
    Wenchang 架
    Haikou 架, 場
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 架, 部
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 架
    Wu Shanghai 部
    Shanghai (Chongming) 部
    Suzhou 部
    Danyang 部
    Hangzhou 部, 輛
    Ningbo 部
    Wenzhou 部, 把 †
    Jinhua 部
    Xiang Changsha 部, 張 †, 把 †
    Loudi 部
    Shuangfeng 間, 部
    Note > - large vehicles; † - large handcarts
    Dialectal synonyms of 架 (“(classifier for airplanes)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 架
    Mandarin Beijing 架
    Taiwan 架, 臺
    Tianjin 架
    Chengde 架
    Tangshan 架
    Cangzhou 架
    Baoding 架
    Shijiazhuang 架
    Chifeng 架
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 架
    Heihe 架
    Qiqihar 架
    Harbin 架
    Jiamusi 架
    Baicheng 架
    Changchun 架
    Tonghua 架
    Shenyang 架
    Dandong 架
    Jinzhou 架
    Dalian 架
    Yantai 架
    Yantai (Muping) 架
    Qingdao 架
    Lijin 架
    Zhucheng 架
    Jinan 架
    Jining 架
    Luoyang 架
    Shangqiu 架
    Yuanyang 架
    Zhengzhou 架
    Lingbao 架
    Xinyang 架
    Baihe 架
    Hanzhong 架
    Xi'an 架
    Baoji 架
    Yinchuan 架
    Tianshui 架
    Lanzhou 架
    Dunhuang 架
    Xining 架
    Hami 架
    Ürümqi 架
    Wuhan 架
    Yichang 架
    Xiangyang 架
    Tianmen 架
    Hong'an 架
    Chengdu 架
    Nanchong 架
    Dazhou 架
    Hanyuan 架
    Xichang 架
    Zigong 架
    Chongqing 架
    Guiyang 架
    Zunyi 架
    Bijie 架
    Liping 架
    Zhaotong 架
    Dali 架
    Kunming 架
    Mengzi 架
    Guilin 架
    Liuzhou 架
    Jishou 架
    Changde 架
    Anqing 架
    Xuzhou 架
    Fuyang 架
    Wuhu 架
    Yangzhou 架
    Lianyungang 架
    Lianshui 架
    Nanjing 架, 掛, 部
    Hefei 架
    Nantong 架
    Singapore 架
    Cantonese Guangzhou 架
    Hong Kong 架, 隻, 部
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 架
    Macau 架
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 架
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 架
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 架
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 架
    Foshan 架
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 隻
    Foshan (Shunde) 架
    Foshan (Sanshui) 架
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 架
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 架
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 架
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 架
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 架
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 架
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 架
    Taishan 架
    Kaiping (Chikan) 架
    Enping (Niujiang) 架
    Heshan (Yayao) 架
    Dongguan 架
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 架
    Gan Nanchang 架
    Lichuan 架
    Pingxiang 架
    Hakka Meixian 架
    Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 架
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 架
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 架
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 架
    Conghua (Lütian) 架
    Raoping (Xinfeng) 隻
    Yudu 架
    Huizhou Jixi 隻
    Shexian 架
    Jin Taiyuan 架
    Yangyuan 架
    Datong 架
    Xinzhou 架
    Lishi 架
    Linfen 架
    Changzhi 架
    Linhe 架
    Jining 架
    Hohhot 架
    Erenhot 架
    Pingshan 架
    Zhangjiakou 架
    Handan 架
    Linzhou 架
    Suide 架
    Min Dong Fuzhou 架
    Fuqing 架
    Min Nan Xiamen 隻, 頂, 架
    Zhangping (Yongfu) 架
    Leizhou 架
    Haikou 架
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 架, 部
    Wu Shanghai 隻
    Danyang 架
    Hangzhou 架
    Wenzhou 架
    Jinhua 隻
    Xiang Changsha 架
    Loudi 架

    Compounds[edit]

    Further reading[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    頂

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. top, peak
    2. to receive

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Noun[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    頂
    いただき
    Grade: 6
    kun’yomi

    頂(いただき) • (itadaki) 

    1. the top
      山(やま)の頂(いただき)
      yama no itadaki
      the top of a mountain
      頂(いただき)に立(た)つ
      itadaki ni tatsu
      stand on the top

    Antonyms[edit]

    Phrase[edit]

    1. 頂(いただ)きます (itadakimasu)

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 頂 (MC tengX). Recorded as Middle Korean 뎌ᇰ (tyeng) (Yale: tyeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    頂 (eumhun 정수리 정 (jeongsuri jeong))

    1. Hanja form? of 정 (“crown or top of the head”).
    2. Hanja form? of 정 (“topmost point; peak”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    頂: Hán Nôm readings: đính, đảnh, đỉnh, điếng, đuểnh

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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