頂

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See also: 顶 and 項
頂 U+9802, 頂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9802
← 頁
[U+9801] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 頃 →
[U+9803]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

Stroke order
11 strokes

頂 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+2, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一弓一月金 (MNMBC), four-corner 11286, composition ⿰丁頁)

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1399, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43335
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1915, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4355, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+9802

Chinese[edit]

trad. 頂
simp. 顶
alternative forms 𩠑

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 頂
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (丁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
圢 *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ
町 *tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ
打 *rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ
盯 *rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ
朾 *rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ
丁 *rteːŋ, *teːŋ
玎 *rteːŋ, *teːŋ
虰 *rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ
揨 *rdeːŋ
釘 *teːŋ, *teːŋs
靪 *teːŋ, *teːŋʔ
仃 *teːŋ
叮 *teːŋ
疔 *teːŋ
頂 *teːŋʔ
奵 *teːŋʔ
耵 *teːŋʔ
酊 *teːŋʔ
葶 *teːŋʔ, *deːŋ
矴 *teːŋs
訂 *teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ
飣 *teːŋs
汀 *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs
艼 *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ
庁 *tʰeːŋ
婷 *deːŋ
停 *deːŋ
聤 *deːŋ
渟 *deːŋ
楟 *deːŋ
亭 *deːŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *teːŋʔ) : phonetic 丁 (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ) + semantic 頁 (“head”).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (“upper part”) (STEDT). The sense “damn” is a clipping of 頂你個肺／顶你个肺 (ding2 nei5 go3 fai3).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • deng2 - vernacular;
  • ding2 - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 頂
Mandarin Beijing /tiŋ²¹⁴/
Harbin /tiŋ²¹³/
Tianjin /tiŋ¹³/
Jinan /tiŋ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /tiŋ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /tiŋ⁵³/
Xi'an /tiŋ⁵³/
Xining /tiə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /tiŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /tĩn⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /tiŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /tin⁴²/
Chengdu /tin⁵³/
Guiyang /tin⁴²/
Kunming /tĩ⁵³/
Nanjing /tin²¹²/
Hefei /tin²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ti⁵³/ ～事
/tiəŋ⁵³/ ～針
Pingyao /tiŋ⁵³/
/ti⁵³/ ～住
Hohhot /tĩŋ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /tiŋ³⁵/
Suzhou /tin⁵¹/
Hangzhou /tin⁵³/
Wenzhou /teŋ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /tiʌ̃³⁵/
Tunxi /tɛ³¹/
Xiang Changsha /tin⁴¹/
Xiangtan /tin⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /tin²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /tin³¹/
/taŋ³¹/ 山～
Taoyuan /tɑŋ³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /teŋ³⁵/
/tɛŋ³⁵/
Nanning /tɛŋ³⁵/
Hong Kong /tiŋ³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tiŋ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tiŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /taiŋ²¹/ 头～
/tiaŋ²¹/ ～嘴
Shantou (Teochew) /teŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔdeŋ²¹³/
Rime
Character 頂
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 青 (125)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 都挺切
Baxter tengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/teŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/teŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tɛŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tɛjŋX/
Li
Rong 		/teŋX/
Wang
Li 		/tieŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tieŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dǐng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ding2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 頂
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dǐng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tengX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tˁeŋʔ/
English top of the head

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 頂
Reading # 1/1
No. 2386
Phonetic
component 		丁
Rime
group 		耕
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		頂
Old
Chinese 		/*teːŋʔ/

Definitions[edit]

頂

  1. top of the head; crown
  2. top; peak
    山頂／山顶  ―  shāndǐng  ―  mountain top
  3. to carry on the head
  4. to prop up; to support (from below)
  5. to substitute; to replace
  6. to retort; to talk back
  7. to butt; to strike (with the head)
  8. to withstand; to confront
  9. most; exceedingly; best
  10. Classifier for objects with a top, such as hats and palanquins. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
    兩頂帽／两顶帽 [Cantonese]  ―  loeng5 deng2 mou6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  two hats
    一頂轎子／一顶轿子  ―  yī dǐng jiàozi  ―  a palanquin
  11. (Southern Min) Classifier for vehicles. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
  12. (Southern Min) in front; ahead; above; before; previously
  13. (chiefly Mainland China, Internet slang) to "bump" a forum thread to raise its profile; like; upvote
  14. (Cantonese, mildly vulgar) damn!
    頂！我唔記得帶鎖匙出門口！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    顶！我唔记得带锁匙出门口！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    ding2! ngo5 m4 gei3 dak1 daai3 so2 si4 ceot1 mun4 hau2! [Jyutping]
    Damn! I’ve forgotten to take my key(s) out!

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 頂 (“(classifier for hats)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 頂
Mandarin Beijing 頂
Taiwan 頂
Tianjin 頂
Chengde 頂
Tangshan 頂
Cangzhou 頂
Baoding 頂
Shijiazhuang 頂
Chifeng 頂
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 頂
Heihe 頂
Qiqihar 頂
Harbin 頂
Jiamusi 頂
Baicheng 頂
Changchun 頂
Tonghua 頂
Shenyang 頂
Dandong 頂
Jinzhou 頂
Dalian 頂
Yantai 頂
Yantai (Muping) 頂
Qingdao 頂
Lijin 頂
Zhucheng 頂
Jinan 頂
Jining 頂
Luoyang 頂
Wanrong 頂
Shangqiu 頂
Yuanyang 頂
Zhengzhou 頂
Lingbao 頂
Xinyang 頂
Baihe 頂
Hanzhong 頂
Xi'an 頂
Baoji 頂, 個
Yinchuan 頂
Tianshui 頂
Lanzhou 頂
Dunhuang 頂
Xining 頂
Hami 頂
Ürümqi 頂
Wuhan 頂
Yichang 頂
Xiangyang 頂
Tianmen 頂
Hong'an 頂
Chengdu 頂
Nanchong 頂
Dazhou 頂
Hanyuan 頂
Xichang 頂
Zigong 頂
Chongqing 頂
Guiyang 頂
Zunyi 頂
Bijie 頂
Liping 個
Zhaotong 頂
Dali 頂
Kunming 頂
Mengzi 頂
Guilin 頂
Liuzhou 頂
Jishou 頂
Changde 頂
Anqing 頂
Xuzhou 頂
Fuyang 頂
Wuhu 頂
Yangzhou 頂
Lianyungang 頂
Lianshui 頂
Nanjing 頂
Hefei 頂
Nantong 頂
Singapore 頂
Cantonese Guangzhou 頂
Hong Kong 頂
Dongguan 頂
Gan Nanchang 頂
Lichuan 頂
Pingxiang 頂
Hakka Meixian 頂
Yudu 頂
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 頂
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 頂
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 頂
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 頂
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 頂
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 頂
Huizhou Jixi 頂
Shexian 頂
Jin Taiyuan 頂
Yangyuan 頂
Datong 頂
Xinzhou 頂
Lishi 頂
Linfen 頂
Changzhi 頂
Linhe 頂
Jining 頂
Hohhot 頂
Erenhot 頂
Pingshan 頂
Zhangjiakou 頂
Handan 頂
Linzhou 頂
Suide 頂
Northern Min Jian'ou 頂
Eastern Min Fuqing 頂
Southern Min Xiamen 頂
Quanzhou 頂
Zhangzhou 頂
Tainan 頂
Zhangping (Yongfu) 頂
Haikou 頂
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 頂
Wu Shanghai 頂
Suzhou 頂
Danyang 頂
Hangzhou 頂
Ningbo 頂
Wenzhou 頂
Jinhua 頂
Xiang Changsha 頂
Dialectal synonyms of 輛 (“(classifier for vehicles)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 輛, 部
Mandarin Beijing 輛, 掛 >
Taiwan 輛, 臺
Jinan 輛, 掛 >
Luoyang 輛, 部
Xi'an 輛, 掛 >
Yinchuan 輛
Xining 輛
Ürümqi 輛, 部
Wuhan 乘, 部
Chengdu 架, 掛, 輛
Guiyang 部
Liuzhou 部
Xuzhou 輛, 部
Yangzhou 掛, 輛
Nanjing 部, 輛, 掛 dated
Hefei 掛, 架
Malaysia 輛
Singapore 輛
Cantonese Guangzhou 架, 部
Hong Kong 架, 部
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 架
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 架
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 架
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 架
Macau 架
Guangzhou (Panyu) 架
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 架
Guangzhou (Conghua) 架
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 架
Foshan 架
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 架
Foshan (Shunde) 架
Foshan (Sanshui) 架
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 架
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 架
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 架
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 部
Zhuhai (Doumen) 架
Jiangmen (Baisha) 架
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 架
Taishan 架
Kaiping (Chikan) 架
Enping (Niujiang) 架
Heshan (Yayao) 架
Dongguan 架
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 架
Yangjiang 架
Nanning 架
Danzhou 架
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 堂
Gan Nanchang 隻, 部
Pingxiang 部
Hakka Meixian 輛, 架
Xingning 架
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 輛
Huiyang 架
Dongguan (Qingxi) 架
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 架
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 架
Wuhua (Huacheng) 輛
Heyuan (Bendihua) 架
Wengyuan 輛
Liannan 架, 部
Conghua (Lütian) 架
Jiexi 輛
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 輛
Changting 架
Wuping (Yanqian) 輛
Ninghua 輛
Ningdu 部
Tonggu (Sandu) 部
Ganzhou (Panlong) 頂
Dayu 部, 輛
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 臺
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 臺
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 臺, 輛
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 臺
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 臺, 輛
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 輛
Hong Kong 架
Yangxi (Tangkou) 部
Yangchun (Sanjia) 部
Xinyi (Sihe) 部
Xinyi (Qianpai) 部
Gaozhou (Xindong) 架
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 架
Huazhou (Xin'an) 部
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 部
Mengshan (Xihe) 部, 個
Luchuan 架
Senai (Huiyang) 床
Singkawang 輛, 臺, 堂
Huizhou Jixi 部
Jin Taiyuan 輛, 掛 >, 部
Xinzhou 輛
Northern Min Jian'ou 架
Eastern Min Fuzhou 架, 部
Changle 架
Fuqing 架, 門
Yongtai 架
Gutian 架
Fu'an 架
Ningde 架
Shouning 部
Zhouning 篷
Fuding 架
Southern Min Xiamen 頂, 部, 把, 隻
Xiamen (Tong'an) 頂
Quanzhou 頂, 把, 隻
Jinjiang 把, 頂
Yongchun 頂
Zhangzhou 頂, 隻
Zhangpu 頂
Tainan 臺
Penang (Hokkien) 頂
Singapore (Hokkien) 頂
Manila (Hokkien) 頂
Pingnan (Shangdu) 架
Chaozhou 張, 隻
Raoping 張
Shantou 隻
Shantou (Chenghai) 隻
Haifeng 輛, 部
Bangkok (Teochew) 隻
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 隻
Singapore (Teochew) 頂, 張
Leizhou 架
Wenchang 架
Haikou 架, 場
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 架, 部
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 架
Wu Shanghai 部
Shanghai (Chongming) 部
Suzhou 部
Danyang 部
Hangzhou 部, 輛
Ningbo 部
Wenzhou 部, 把 †
Jinhua 部
Xiang Changsha 部, 張 †, 把 †
Loudi 部
Shuangfeng 間, 部
Note > - large vehicles; † - large handcarts
Dialectal synonyms of 架 (“(classifier for airplanes)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 架
Mandarin Beijing 架
Taiwan 架, 臺
Tianjin 架
Chengde 架
Tangshan 架
Cangzhou 架
Baoding 架
Shijiazhuang 架
Chifeng 架
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 架
Heihe 架
Qiqihar 架
Harbin 架
Jiamusi 架
Baicheng 架
Changchun 架
Tonghua 架
Shenyang 架
Dandong 架
Jinzhou 架
Dalian 架
Yantai 架
Yantai (Muping) 架
Qingdao 架
Lijin 架
Zhucheng 架
Jinan 架
Jining 架
Luoyang 架
Shangqiu 架
Yuanyang 架
Zhengzhou 架
Lingbao 架
Xinyang 架
Baihe 架
Hanzhong 架
Xi'an 架
Baoji 架
Yinchuan 架
Tianshui 架
Lanzhou 架
Dunhuang 架
Xining 架
Hami 架
Ürümqi 架
Wuhan 架
Yichang 架
Xiangyang 架
Tianmen 架
Hong'an 架
Chengdu 架
Nanchong 架
Dazhou 架
Hanyuan 架
Xichang 架
Zigong 架
Chongqing 架
Guiyang 架
Zunyi 架
Bijie 架
Liping 架
Zhaotong 架
Dali 架
Kunming 架
Mengzi 架
Guilin 架
Liuzhou 架
Jishou 架
Changde 架
Anqing 架
Xuzhou 架
Fuyang 架
Wuhu 架
Yangzhou 架
Lianyungang 架
Lianshui 架
Nanjing 架, 掛, 部
Hefei 架
Nantong 架
Singapore 架
Cantonese Guangzhou 架
Hong Kong 架, 隻, 部
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 架
Macau 架
Guangzhou (Panyu) 架
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 架
Guangzhou (Conghua) 架
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 架
Foshan 架
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 隻
Foshan (Shunde) 架
Foshan (Sanshui) 架
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 架
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 架
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 架
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 架
Zhuhai (Doumen) 架
Jiangmen (Baisha) 架
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 架
Taishan 架
Kaiping (Chikan) 架
Enping (Niujiang) 架
Heshan (Yayao) 架
Dongguan 架
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 架
Gan Nanchang 架
Lichuan 架
Pingxiang 架
Hakka Meixian 架
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 架
Dongguan (Qingxi) 架
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 架
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 架
Conghua (Lütian) 架
Raoping (Xinfeng) 隻
Yudu 架
Huizhou Jixi 隻
Shexian 架
Jin Taiyuan 架
Yangyuan 架
Datong 架
Xinzhou 架
Lishi 架
Linfen 架
Changzhi 架
Linhe 架
Jining 架
Hohhot 架
Erenhot 架
Pingshan 架
Zhangjiakou 架
Handan 架
Linzhou 架
Suide 架
Eastern Min Fuzhou 架
Fuqing 架
Southern Min Xiamen 隻, 頂, 架
Quanzhou 隻
Jinjiang 隻
Yongchun 隻
Zhangping (Yongfu) 架
Leizhou 架
Haikou 架
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 架, 部
Wu Shanghai 隻
Danyang 架
Hangzhou 架
Wenzhou 架
Jinhua 隻
Xiang Changsha 架
Loudi 架

Compounds[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (頂):
  • → Vietnamese: đỉnh (頂)

Further reading[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

頂

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. top, peak
  2. to receive

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Noun[edit]

Kanji in this term
頂
いただき
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

頂(いただき) • (itadaki) 

  1. the top
    山(やま)の頂(いただき)
    yama no itadaki
    the top of a mountain
    頂(いただき)に立(た)つ
    itadaki ni tatsu
    stand on the top

Antonyms[edit]

Phrase[edit]

  1. 頂(いただ)きます (itadakimasu)

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 頂 (MC tengX). Recorded as Middle Korean 뎌ᇰ (tyeng) (Yale: tyeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

頂 (eumhun 정수리 정 (jeongsuri jeong))

  1. Hanja form? of 정 (“crown or top of the head”).
  2. Hanja form? of 정 (“topmost point; peak”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

頂: Hán Nôm readings: đính, đảnh, đỉnh, điếng, đuểnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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