束

束 U+675F, 束 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-675F ← 杞 [U+675E] CJK Unified Ideographs 杠 → [U+6760]

Translingual

Han character

束 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木中 (DL), four-corner 5090₆, composition ⿻木口)

Derived characters

• 㑛, 凁, 娕, 悚, 梀, 殐, 涑, 疎, 竦, 綀, 脨, 觫,‎ 誎, 踈, 辣, 鋉 (𨱈), 餗 (𫗧), 駷, 㻋, 䀳
• 剌, 勅, 欶, 敕, 賴 (赖), 辢, 頼, 鵣, 㩽, 𧆄, 𣜋
• 速, 趚
• 𠁃

References

• KangXi: page 512, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14480
• Dae Jaweon: page 898, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1158, character 3
• Unihan data for U+675F

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		束

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 束
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (束) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
涑	*sloː, *sloːɡ, *sloɡ
鏉	*sloː, *sloːɡs, *srus
摗	*sloː
駷	*sloːʔ, *sloŋʔ
嗽	*sloːɡs, *sroːɡ, *sloːɡ
瘶	*sloːɡs
欶	*sloːɡs, *sroːɡ
漱	*sloːɡs, *srus
捒	*sreːɡ, *sroɡs, *sroɡs
悚	*sloŋʔ
竦	*sloŋʔ
娕	*sʰroːɡ
梀	*sreːɡ, *sʰloːɡ, *sloːɡ, *l̥ʰoɡ
速	*sloːɡ
餗	*sloːɡ
殐	*sloːɡ
遬	*sloːɡ
蔌	*sloːɡ
樕	*sloːɡ
藗	*sloːɡ
誎	*sʰloɡ
束	*hljoɡ

Ideogram (指事) – bag tied at both ends (earlier forms were often vertically symmetric) similar to 東.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shù, sù (shu⁴, su⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄨˋ, ㄙㄨˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): cuk¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): cuuk²

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): suk / sok

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cug⁵

• Min Dong (BUC): sók
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): sok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sog⁴

• Wu (Wiktionary): soq (T4)

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shù
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuh
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shù
    • Wade–Giles: shu4
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu⁵¹/
      
  • (Beijing dialect)⁺
    • Pinyin: sù
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suh
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sù
    • Wade–Giles: su4
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: cuk¹
    • Yale: chūk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsuk⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: cug¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: cuuk²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵk̚⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: suk / sok
    • Hakka Romanization System: sug` / sog`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sug⁵ / sog⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /suk̚²/, /sok̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰʊk̚¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sók
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /souʔ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok
    • Tâi-lô: sok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sog
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔk̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sog⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sok
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sok̚²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: soq (T4)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊʔ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: /ɕɨok̚/

Rime
Character	束
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	燭 (8)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	書玉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕuawk̚/
Li Rong	/ɕiok̚/
Wang Li	/ɕĭwok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	suk1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tʰok/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hljoɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	束
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shù
Middle Chinese	‹ syowk ›
Old Chinese	/*s-tʰok/
English	bind; bundle
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	束
Reading #	1/1
No.	11893
Phonetic component	束
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	束
Old Chinese	/*hljoɡ/

Definitions

束

1. to bind; to tie up

   束縛／束缚  ―  shùfù  ―  to bind; to tie up

2. (now in compounds) to control; to restrain

   拘束  ―  jūshù  ―  restraint; inhibited; constraint

3. (now in compounds) end

   結束／结束  ―  jiéshù  ―  end

4. bunch; bundle; bale

   光束  ―  guāngshù  ―  light beam

5. (geometry) pencil (family of geometric objects with a common property)

   平面束  ―  píngmiànshù  ―  pencil of planes

6. Classifier for objects in bunches or bundles, such as bouquets of flowers. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier

   一束玫瑰  ―  yī shù méiguī  ―  a bouquet of roses

7. a surname

Synonyms

• (to control):

edit

Synonyms of 束

• 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
• 克制 (kèzhì)
• 克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
• 君 (jūn) (literary)
• 局限 (júxiàn)
• 左右 (zuǒyòu)
• 把 (bǎ)
• 把持 (bǎchí)
• 把控 (bǎkòng)
• 抑制 (yìzhì)
• 抵制 (dǐzhì)
• 拘束 (jūshù)
• 按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
• 掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
• 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
• 控 (kòng) (literary, or in compounds)

• 控制 (kòngzhì)
• 提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
• 操控 (cāokòng)
• 支配 (zhīpèi)
• 柄 (bǐng) (literary, or in compounds)
• 框 (kuàng)
• 管制 (guǎnzhì)
• 管束 (guǎnshù)
• 裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
• 遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
• 限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 限制 (xiànzhì)
• 主張／主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
• 制約／制约 (zhìyuē)
• 執掌／执掌 (zhízhǎng)
• 壓制／压制 (yāzhì)

• 撙節／撙节 (zǔnjié)
• 撥弄／拨弄 (bōnòng)
• 操縱／操纵 (cāozòng)
• 擺佈／摆布 (bǎibù)
• 擺治／摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
• 收斂／收敛 (shōuliǎn)
• 束縛／束缚 (shùfù)
• 禁錮／禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
• 積壓／积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
• 節制／节制 (jiézhì)
• 約束／约束 (yuēshù)
• 統御／统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
• 統治／统治 (tǒngzhì)
• 羈束／羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
• 鎮／镇 (zhèn)
• 駕馭／驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)

Compounds

• 光束 (guāngshù)
• 大束 (Dàshù)
• 局束
• 希氏束 (Xīshìshù)
• 房室束 (fángshìshù)
• 拘拘束束
• 拘束 (jūshù)
• 拴束 (shuānshù)
• 收束 (shōushù)
• 整束
• 束修
• 束帛
• 束手 (shùshǒu)
• 束手就擒 (shùshǒujiùqín)
• 束杖理民
• 束甲
• 束素
• 束胸 (shùxiōng)
• 束脩
• 束腰 (shùyāo)
• 束薪
• 束身

• 束身修行
• 束身自修
• 束阨
• 案兵束甲
• 筋不束骨
• 管束 (guǎnshù)
• 粒米束薪
• 能束
• 要束
• 保護管束／保护管束
• 束之高閣／束之高阁 (shùzhīgāogé)
• 束帶頂冠／束带顶冠
• 束手就縛／束手就缚
• 束手待斃／束手待毙 (shùshǒu dàibì)
• 束手旁觀／束手旁观
• 束手束腳／束手束脚
• 束手無措／束手无措
• 束手無策／束手无策 (shùshǒuwúcè)
• 束緊／束紧
• 束線／束线
• 束縕請火／束缊请火

• 束縛／束缚 (shùfù)
• 束芻／束刍
• 束裝／束装 (shùzhuāng)
• 束裝盜金／束装盗金
• 束身就縛／束身就缚
• 束錦／束锦
• 束馬懸車／束马悬车
• 束髮／束发 (shùfà)
• 束髮封帛／束发封帛
• 束髮金冠／束发金冠 (shùfà jīnguān)
• 檢束／检束 (jiǎnshù)
• 無拘無束／无拘无束 (wújūwúshù)
• 無束無拘／无束无拘
• 約束／约束 (yuēshù)
• 結束／结束 (jiéshù)
• 結束語／结束语 (jiéshùyǔ)
• 維管束／维管束 (wéiguǎnshù)
• 縛束／缚束
• 羈束／羁束 (jīshù)
• 裝束／装束 (zhuāngshù)
• 鈐束／钤束

---

Japanese

Kanji

束

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. bunch
2. to bind
3. to end

Readings

• Go-on: そく (soku, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: しょく (shoku)
• Kun: たば (taba, 束, Jōyō); たばねる (tabaneru, 束ねる); つか (tsuka, 束); つかねる (tsukaneru, 束ねる)

Compounds

• 結(けっ)束(そく) (kessoku): union, unity
• 拘(こう)束(そく) (kōsoku): restriction, restraint
• 収(しゅう)束(そく) (shūsoku): end
• 装(しょう)束(ぞく) (shōzoku): costume, attire
• 束(そく)帯(たい) (sokutai): old ceremonial court dress
• 束(そく)に立(た)つ (soku ni tatsu)
• 束(そく)縛(ばく) (sokubaku): restraint, shackles
• 束(そく)髪(はつ) (sokuhatsu): bundling one's hair, or the hair so bundled; a pompadour-like traditional Japanese hairstyle for women
• 電(でん)束(そく) (densoku): electric flux
• 波(は)束(そく) (hasoku): wave packet
• 約(やく)束(そく) (yakusoku): arrangement, convention

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
束
たば Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) た​ば [táꜜbà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ta̠ba̠]

Alternative forms

• 把

Counter

束(たば) • (-taba) 

1. counter for bundles

   それは一(ひと)束(たば)十(じゅう)円(えん)の値段(ねだん)でした

   sore wa hitotaba jū en no nedan deshita

   They cost 10 yen a bundle

Noun

束(たば) • (taba) 

1. bundle, bunch, batch, sheaf, coil

   彼(かれ)は古(ふる)い手(て)紙(がみ)を束(たば)にした

   kare wa furui tegami o taba ni shita

   He bound old letters into a bundle

Derived terms

• 札(さつ)束(たば) (satsutaba): wad of bills
• 束(たば)になって掛(か)かる (taba ni natte kakaru): attack all in a bunch
• 束(たば)ねる (tabaneru): tie up in a bundle
• 花(はな)束(たば) (hanataba): bunch of flowers

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
束
つか Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
• (Tokyo) つか​ [tsùkáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [t͡sɨ̥ᵝka̠]

Noun

束(つか) • (tsuka) 

1. handbreadth, bundle

Derived terms

• 束(つか)の間(ま) (tsukanoma): brief space of time

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
束
そく Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
• (Tokyo) そ​く [sóꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [so̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Counter

束(そく) • (-soku) 

1. large bundles

Noun

束(そく) • (soku) 

1. (mathematics, order theory) lattice

---

Korean

Hanja

束 (eumhun 묶을 속 (mukkeul sok))

1. Hanja form^? of 속 (“bunch; to bind”).

Compounds

• 약속 (約束, yaksok, “a promise”)

---

Vietnamese

Han character

束: Hán Nôm readings: thút, súc, thót, thúc, thóc

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.