束

束	U+675F, 束 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-675F

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

束 (radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木中 (DL), four-corner 5090₆, composition ⿻木口)

Derived characters[edit]

速

References[edit]

KangXi: page 512, character 12
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14480
Dae Jaweon: page 898, character 4
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1158, character 3
Unihan data for U+675F

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.		束

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 束
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (束) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
涑	sloː, sloːɡ, *sloɡ
鏉	sloː, sloːɡs, *srus
摗	*sloː
駷	sloːʔ, sloŋʔ
嗽	sloːɡs, sroːɡ, *sloːɡ
瘶	*sloːɡs
欶	sloːɡs, sroːɡ
漱	sloːɡs, srus
捒	sreːɡ, sroɡs, *sroɡs
悚	*sloŋʔ
竦	*sloŋʔ
娕	*sʰroːɡ
梀	sreːɡ, sʰloːɡ, sloːɡ, l̥ʰoɡ
速	*sloːɡ
餗	*sloːɡ
殐	*sloːɡ
遬	*sloːɡ
蔌	*sloːɡ
樕	*sloːɡ
藗	*sloːɡ
誎	*sʰloɡ
束	*hljoɡ

Ideogram (指事) – bag tied at both ends (earlier forms were often vertically symmetric) similar to 東.

Pronunciation[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): shù, sù (shu⁴, su⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨˋ, ㄙㄨˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cuk¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): suk / sok
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): sok

(Teochew, Peng'im): sog⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: shù
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨˋ
  - Wade–Giles: shu⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuh
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂu⁵¹/
- (Beijing dialect)⁺
  - Pinyin: sù
  - Zhuyin: ㄙㄨˋ
  - Wade–Giles: su⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: suh
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: cuk¹
  - Yale: chūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: cug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: suk / sok
  - Hakka Romanization System: sug` / sog`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: sug⁵ / sog⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /suk̚²/, /sok̚²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sok
  - Tâi-lô: sok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sog
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔk̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /sɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔk̚³²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: sog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sok̚²/

Middle Chinese: /ɕɨok̚/

Rime
Character	束
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	燭 (8)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	書玉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕuawk̚/
Li Rong	/ɕiok̚/
Wang Li	/ɕĭwok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shu

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*s-tʰok/

(Zhengzhang): /*hljoɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	束
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shù
Middle Chinese	‹ syowk ›
Old Chinese	/*s-tʰok/
English	bind; bundle
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	束
Reading #	1/1
No.	11893
Phonetic component	束
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	束
Old Chinese	/*hljoɡ/

Definitions[edit]

束

to bind; to tie up
- 束縛 / 束缚 ― shùfù ― to bind; to tie up
to control; to restrain
- 拘束 ― jūshù ― restraint; inhibited; constraint
end
- 結束 / 结束 ― jiéshù ― end
bunch; bundle; bale
Classifier for objects in bunches or bundles, such as bouquets of flowers. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
- 一束玫瑰 ― yī shù méiguī ― a bouquet of roses
A surname.

Synonyms[edit]

(to control):

edit

Synonyms of 束

主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
主張／主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
克制 (kèzhì)
克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
制約／制约 (zhìyuē)
君 (jūn) (literary)
壓制／压制 (yāzhì)
局限 (júxiàn)
左右 (zuǒyòu)
把 (bǎ)
把持 (bǎchí)
把控 (bǎkòng)
抑制 (yìzhì)
抵制 (dǐzhì)

拘束 (jūshù)
按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
捆綁／捆绑 (kǔnbǎng)
掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
掌握 (zhǎngwò)
控 (kòng) (literary, or in compounds)
控制 (kòngzhì)
提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
撙節／撙节 (zǔnjié)
操控 (cāokòng)
操縱／操纵 (cāozòng)
擺佈／摆布 (bǎibù)
支配 (zhīpèi)
束縛／束缚 (shùfù)

禁錮／禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
積壓／积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
管制 (guǎnzhì)
管束 (guǎnshù)
節制／节制 (jiézhì)
約束／约束 (yuēshù)
統御／统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
統治／统治 (tǒngzhì)
羈束／羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
限制 (xiànzhì)
駕馭／驾驭 (jiàyù)

Compounds[edit]

保護管束／保护管束
光束 (guāngshù)
大束 (Dàshù)
局束
希氏束 (Xīshìshù)
房室束 (fángshìshù)
拘拘束束
拘束 (jūshù)
拴束 (shuānshù)
收束 (shōushù)
整束
束之高閣／束之高阁 (shùzhīgāogé)
束修
束帛
束帶頂冠／束带顶冠
束手 (shùshǒu)
束手就擒 (shùshǒujiùqín)
束手就縛／束手就缚
束手待斃／束手待毙 (shùshǒu dàibì)
束手旁觀／束手旁观
束手束腳／束手束脚
束手無措／束手无措

束馬懸車／束马悬车
束髮／束发 (shùfà)
束髮封帛／束发封帛
束髮金冠／束发金冠 (shùfà jīnguān)
案兵束甲
檢束／检束 (jiǎnshù)
無拘無束／无拘无束 (wújūwúshù)
無束無拘／无束无拘
筋不束骨
管束 (guǎnshù)
粒米束薪
約束／约束 (yuēshù)
結束／结束 (jiéshù)
結束語／结束语 (jiéshùyǔ)
維管束／维管束 (wéiguǎnshù)
縛束／缚束
羈束／羁束 (jīshù)
能束
裝束／装束 (zhuāngshù)
要束
鈐束／钤束

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

束

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

bunch
to bind
to end

Readings[edit]

Go-on: そく (soku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: しょく (shoku)
Kun: たば (taba, 束, Jōyō); たばねる (tabaneru, 束ねる); つか (tsuka, 束); つかねる (tsukaneru, 束ねる)

Compounds[edit]

結(けっ)束(そく) (kessoku): union, unity
拘(こう)束(そく) (kōsoku): restriction, restraint
収(しゅう)束(そく) (shūsoku): end
装(しょう)束(ぞく) (shōzoku): costume, attire
束(そく)帯(たい) (sokutai): old ceremonial court dress
束(そく)に立(た)つ (soku ni tatsu)
束(そく)縛(ばく) (sokubaku): restraint, shackles
束(そく)髪(はつ) (sokuhatsu): bundling one's hair, or the hair so bundled; a pompadour-like traditional Japanese hairstyle for women
電(でん)束(そく) (densoku): electric flux
波(は)束(そく) (hasoku): wave packet
約(やく)束(そく) (yakusoku): arrangement, convention

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
束
たば Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Pronunciation[edit]

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) たば [táꜜbà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [ta̠ba̠]

Alternative forms[edit]

把

Counter[edit]

束(たば) • (-taba)

counter for bundles
それは一(ひと)束(たば)十(じゅう)円(えん)の値段(ねだん)でした
sore wa hitotaba jū en no nedan deshita
They cost 10 yen a bundle

Noun[edit]

束(たば) • (taba)

bundle, bunch, batch, sheaf, coil
彼(かれ)は古(ふる)い手(て)紙(がみ)を束(たば)にした
kare wa furui tegami o taba ni shita
He bound old letters into a bundle

Derived terms[edit]

札(さつ)束(たば) (satsutaba): wad of bills
束(たば)になって掛(か)かる (taba ni natte kakaru): attack all in a bunch
束(たば)ねる (tabaneru): tie up in a bundle
花(はな)束(たば) (hanataba): bunch of flowers

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
束
つか Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Pronunciation[edit]

Kun’yomi

(Tokyo) つか [tsùkáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])^[1]^[2]
IPA^(key): [t͡sɨ̥ᵝka̠]

Noun[edit]

束(つか) • (tsuka)

handbreadth, bundle

Derived terms[edit]

束(つか)の間(ま) (tsukanoma): brief space of time

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
束
そく Grade: 4
on’yomi

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi: Goon

(Tokyo) そく [sóꜜkù] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [so̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Counter[edit]

束(そく) • (-soku)

large bundles

Noun[edit]

束(そく) • (soku)

(mathematics, order theory) lattice

References[edit]

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

束 (eumhun 묶을 속 (mukkeul sok))

Hanja form^? of 속 (“bunch; to bind”).

Compounds[edit]

약속 (約束, yaksok, “a promise”)

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

束: Hán Nôm readings: thút, súc, thót, thúc, thóc

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NHK-2] 2.0 ^2.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

[1]

[2]

束

Contents

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Counter[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Counter[edit]

Noun[edit]

References[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

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