資本

See also: 资本

Chinese

	resources; capital; to provide resources; capital; to provide; to supply; to support; money; expense	roots or stems of plants; origin; source roots or stems of plants; origin; source; this; the current; root; foundation; basis; (a measure word)
trad. (資本)	資	本
simp. (资本)	资	本
alternative forms	貲本／赀本 obsolete

Etymology

Wasei kango (和(わ)製(せい)漢(かん)語(ご)), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 資(し)本(ほん) (shihon), which was in turn a semantic readaptation of Chinese 資本／资本 (zīběn, “resource”).^[1]

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zīběn

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄅㄣˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi¹ bun²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chṳ̂-pún

(Hailu, HRS): zii^ˋ bun^ˊ
Eastern Min (BUC): cṳ̆-buōng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): chu-pún / chir-pún

(Teochew, Peng'im): ze¹ bung²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tsy-pen
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zi¹ ben³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zīběn
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄅㄣˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zihběn
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ¹-pên³
  - Yale: dz̄-běn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzybeen
  - Palladius: цзыбэнь (czybɛnʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɹ̩⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi¹ bun²
  - Yale: jī bún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi¹ bun²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji¹ bun²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː⁵⁵ puːn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chṳ̂-pún
  - Hakka Romanization System: zii^ˊ bun^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zi¹ bun³
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ²⁴ pun³¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: zii^ˋ bun^ˊ
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sɨ⁵³ pun²⁴/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cṳ̆-buōng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sy⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^(p-)βuoŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chu-pún
  - Tâi-lô: tsu-pún
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zu'puon
  - Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³/
  - Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Longyan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chir-pún
  - Tâi-lô: tsir-pún
  - Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ³³ pun⁵⁵⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Longyan): /t͡sɹ̩³³⁴ pun²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ze¹ bung²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsṳ púng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɯ³³⁻²³ puŋ⁵²/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹tsy-pen
  - MiniDict: tsy^平 pen
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tsr-pen
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sɹ̩⁵⁵ pən²¹/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zi¹ ben³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡si³³ pən⁴¹/
  - Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡ɕi³³ pən⁴¹/

Noun

資本

(economics, business, finance) capital
實收資本／实收资本 ― shíshōu zīběn ― paid-in capital
(figurative) right; privilege; prerogative; capital (valuable resource of a particular kind)
吹噓的資本／吹嘘的资本 ― chuīxū de zīběn ― bragging rights

政治資本／政治资本 ― zhèngzhì zīběn ― political capital

Synonyms

(capital):

edit

下本 (Taiwanese Hokkien)
條件 / 条件 (tiáojiàn)
泉幣 / 泉币 (quánbì) (literary)
物質條件 / 物质条件 (wùzhì tiáojiàn)
產業 / 产业 (chǎnyè)
財富 / 财富 (cáifù)
財帛 / 财帛 (cáibó) (dated)
財物 / 财物 (cáiwù)
財產 / 财产 (cáichǎn)
財貝 / 财贝 (Dungan)
財貨 / 财货 (cáihuò)
貨幣 / 货币 (huòbì)
資源 / 资源 (zīyuán) (slang)
資金 / 资金 (zījīn)
金錢 / 金钱 (jīnqián)
銀彈 / 银弹 (yíndàn) (figurative)
銀錢 / 银钱 (yínqián)
錢幣 / 钱币 (qiánbì)
錢物 / 钱物 (qiánwù)
錢眼 / 钱眼 (qiányǎn) (figurative)
錢財 / 钱财 (qiáncái)

Derived terms

人力資本 / 人力资本 (rénlì zīběn)
民族資本 / 民族资本 (mínzú zīběn)
財政資本 / 财政资本 (cáizhèng zīběn)
買辦資本 / 买办资本 (mǎibàn zīběn)
資本主義 / 资本主义 (zīběnzhǔyì)
資本利得稅 / 资本利得税 (zīběn lìdé shuì)
資本家 / 资本家 (zīběnjiā)
資本密集 / 资本密集 (zīběn mìjí)
資本密集型 / 资本密集型 (zīběn mìjíxíng)
資本市場 / 资本市场 (zīběn shìchǎng)
資本投資 / 资本投资 (zīběn tóuzī)
資本收益稅 / 资本收益税 (zīběn shōuyì shuì)
資本階級 / 资本阶级 (zīběn jiējí)
金融資本 / 金融资本 (jīnróng zīběn)
風險資本 / 风险资本 (fēngxiǎn zīběn)

Related terms

資產／资产 (zīchǎn)

Descendants

→ Xibe: ᡯᡞᠪᡝᠨ (dziben)

References

^ 汉语外来词词典 [Chinese Loanword Dictionary] (in Chinese), Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, 1984, page 409

Japanese

Kanji in this term
資	本
し Grade: 5	ほん Grade: 1
on'yomi

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɕihõ̞ɴ]
(Tokyo) しほん [shìhóń] (Heiban – [0])

Noun

資(し)本(ほん) • (shihon)

(economics, business, finance) capital

Derived terms

Descendants

→ Chinese: 資本 / 资本 (zīběn)
→ Korean: 자본 (jabon)
→ Vietnamese: tư bản

References

“資本”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja in this term
資	本

Noun

資本 • (jabon) (hangeul 자본)

hanja form^? of 자본 (“(economics, business, finance) capital”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
資	本

Noun

資本

chữ Hán form of tư bản (“(economics, business, finance) capital”)

[1] 汉语外来词词典 [Chinese Loanword Dictionary] (in Chinese), Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, 1984, page 409

[1]