批
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
批 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手心心 (QPP), four-corner 51010, composition ⿰扌比)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 419, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11845
- Dae Jaweon: page 766, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1835, character 5
- Unihan data for U+6279
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 批 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 批 | |
alternative forms | 𠜱 Cantonese; Hakka; Teochew "to pare" 㓟 Cantonese and Teochew "to pare" 剕 Cantonese "to pare" 剖 Teochew "to pare" |
Glyph origin[edit]
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
梐 | *piː, *biːʔ |
狴 | *piː |
悂 | *piː, *pʰi |
螕 | *piː |
鎞 | *piː |
蓖 | *piː |
篦 | *piː, *bis |
批 | *pʰiː |
砒 | *pʰiː |
鈚 | *pʰiː, *bi |
磇 | *pʰiː |
媲 | *pʰiːs |
笓 | *biː |
膍 | *biː, *bi |
陛 | *biːʔ |
仳 | *pʰeʔ, *piʔ, *bi, *briʔ |
吡 | *pʰeʔ, *piʔ, *biɡ |
紕 | *be, *pʰi, *kʰjɯʔ |
比 | *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ |
妣 | *piʔ, *pis |
秕 | *piʔ |
沘 | *piʔ, *bi |
枇 | *piʔ, *bi, *bis |
粊 | *pris |
庇 | *pis |
屁 | *pʰis |
琵 | *bi |
毗 | *bi |
貔 | *bi |
豼 | *bi |
蚍 | *bi |
芘 | *bi, *bis |
肶 | *bi |
魮 | *bi |
阰 | *bi |
坒 | *bis, *biɡ |
玭 | *bin |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pʰiː): semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ).
Etymology[edit]
- “to pare”
- 𠜱 (pī) is sometimes treated as the 本字 (běnzì, “original character”).
- “pie”
- Borrowed from English pie.
- “vulva; cunt”
- From the Sichuanese pronunciation of 屄 (pi1).
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
批
- to slap
- (obsolete) to attack; to offend
- (obsolete) to eliminate; to discard
- to cut (into thin slices), peel, or shape with a knife or blade; to pare: to peel [fruits], to sharpen [pencils], etc.
- (Cantonese) to plaster
- (Cantonese) to hit with diagonal or horizontal motion
- to make comments and criticisms (to an inferior from a superior, regarding a submitted report, essay, etc.)
- (literary, or in compounds) comment; annotation; criticism
- to judge
- to criticize
- to approve
- (Cantonese) to guess; to predict
- (Min Dong, Hokkien, Puxian Min) letter (written or printed communication) (Classifier: 張/张; 封)
- 手提紙筆趕緊要寫一張批,安慰媽媽講阮在外一切沒問題。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- From: 1991, 詹雅雯, 故鄉一封信
- Chhiú the̍h chóa-pit kóaⁿ-kín beh siá chi̍t tiuⁿ phe, an-ùi má-mah kóng gún chāi-gōa it-chhè bô būn-tê. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- With paper and a pen in my hand, I hurried to write a letter, comforting Mom, saying that everything is alright away from home.
手提纸笔赶紧要写一张批,安慰妈妈讲阮在外一切没问题。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
- (Teochew) letter from a foreign country
- to sell at wholesale
- Classifier for batches, groups, lots, etc (of merchandises).
- (colloquial) fibres of cotton, flax, etc. ready to be drawn and twisted
- (Cantonese) pie
- (Southwestern Mandarin, Internet slang, vulgar) Alternative form of 屄 (bī).
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 批 (“batch; group (classifier)”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 批 | |
Mandarin | Taiwan | 批 |
Langfang | 批 | |
Tangshan | 批 | |
Cangzhou | 批 | |
Baoding | 批 | |
Shijiazhuang | 批 | |
Daming | 批 | |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 批 |
Jin | Zhangjiakou | 批 |
Handan | 批 | |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 批, 幫 |
Quanzhou | 批, 幫 | |
Zhangzhou | 批, 幫 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 批, 潑, 票, 統 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 批 | |
Suzhou | 批 | |
Danyang | 批 | |
Hangzhou | 批 | |
Ningbo | 批 | |
Wenzhou | 批 | |
Jinhua | 批 |
- (letter):
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 批
See also[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “Entry #3209”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
- English Loanwords in Hong Kong Cantonese
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
批
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
批 • (bi, byeol) (hangeul 비, 별)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
Readings[edit]
批: Hán Việt readings: phi
批: Nôm readings: phê, phe, phây
References[edit]
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