批
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
批 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手心心 (QPP), four-corner 51010, composition ⿰扌比)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 419, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11845
- Dae Jaweon: page 766, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1835, character 5
- Unihan data for U+6279
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 批 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 批 | |
alternative forms | 𠜱 Cantonese; Hakka; Teochew "to pare" 㓟 Cantonese and Teochew "to pare" 剕 Cantonese "to pare" 剖 Teochew "to pare" |
Glyph origin[edit]
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
梐 | *piː, *biːʔ |
狴 | *piː |
悂 | *piː, *pʰi |
螕 | *piː |
鎞 | *piː |
蓖 | *piː |
篦 | *piː, *bis |
批 | *pʰiː |
砒 | *pʰiː |
鈚 | *pʰiː, *bi |
磇 | *pʰiː |
媲 | *pʰiːs |
笓 | *biː |
膍 | *biː, *bi |
陛 | *biːʔ |
仳 | *pʰeʔ, *piʔ, *bi, *briʔ |
吡 | *pʰeʔ, *piʔ, *biɡ |
紕 | *be, *pʰi, *kʰjɯʔ |
比 | *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ |
妣 | *piʔ, *pis |
秕 | *piʔ |
沘 | *piʔ, *bi |
枇 | *piʔ, *bi, *bis |
粊 | *pris |
庇 | *pis |
屁 | *pʰis |
琵 | *bi |
毗 | *bi |
貔 | *bi |
豼 | *bi |
蚍 | *bi |
芘 | *bi, *bis |
肶 | *bi |
魮 | *bi |
阰 | *bi |
坒 | *bis, *biɡ |
玭 | *bin |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pʰiː): semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 比 (OC *piʔ, *pis, *bi, *bis, *biɡ).
Etymology[edit]
- “to pare”
- 𠜱 (pī) is sometimes treated as the 本字 (běnzì, “original character”).
- “pie”
- Borrowed from English pie.
- “pipe”
- Borrowed from English pipe.
- “vulva; cunt”
- From the Sichuanese pronunciation of 屄 (pi1).
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
批
- to slap
- (obsolete) to attack; to offend
- (obsolete) to eliminate; to discard
- to cut (into thin slices), peel, or shape with a knife or blade; to pare: to peel [fruits], to sharpen [pencils], etc.
- (Cantonese) to plaster
- (Cantonese) to hit with diagonal or horizontal motion
- to make comments and criticisms (to an inferior from a superior, regarding a submitted report, essay, etc.)
- (literary, or in compounds) comment; annotation; criticism
- to judge
- to criticize
- to approve
- (Cantonese) to guess; to predict
- (Min Dong, Hokkien, Puxian Min) letter (written or printed communication) (Classifier: 張/张; 封)
- 手提紙筆趕緊要寫一張批,安慰媽媽講阮在外一切沒問題。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- From: 1991, 詹雅雯, 故鄉一封信
- Chhiú the̍h chóa-pit kóaⁿ-kín beh siá chi̍t tiuⁿ phe, an-ùi má-mah kóng gún chāi-gōa it-chhè bô būn-tê. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- With paper and a pen in my hand, I hurried to write a letter, comforting Mom, saying that everything is alright away from home.
手提纸笔赶紧要写一张批,安慰妈妈讲阮在外一切没问题。 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
- (Teochew) letter from a foreign country
- to sell at wholesale
- Classifier for batches, groups, lots, etc (of merchandises).
- (colloquial) fibres of cotton, flax, etc. ready to be drawn and twisted
- (Cantonese) pie
- (Cantonese) screwdriver (Classifier: 支 c)
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, rare) pipe
- (Southwestern Mandarin, Internet slang, vulgar) Pronunciation spelling of 屄 (bī).
- 牛批 ― niúpī ― Alternative form of 牛屄 (niúbī)
- 原批 ― yuán pī ― (derogatory) Genshin Impact player
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 批 (“batch; group (classifier)”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 批 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 批 |
Taiwan | 批 | |
Langfang | 批 | |
Tangshan | 批 | |
Cangzhou | 批 | |
Baoding | 批 | |
Shijiazhuang | 批 | |
Daming | 批 | |
Cantonese | Hong Kong | 批 |
Jin | Zhangjiakou | 批 |
Handan | 批 | |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 批, 幫 |
Quanzhou | 批, 幫 | |
Zhangzhou | 批, 幫 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 批, 潑, 票, 統 |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 批 | |
Suzhou | 批 | |
Danyang | 批 | |
Hangzhou | 批 | |
Ningbo | 批 | |
Wenzhou | 批 | |
Jinhua | 批 |
- (letter):
- (screwdriver):
- (pie): (Mandarin) 派 (pài)
Compounds[edit]
- 一批 (yīpī)
- 假批子
- 催批
- 分批 (fēnpī)
- 勾批
- 印象批評/印象批评
- 報批/报批 (bàopī)
- 大批 (dàpī)
- 審批/审批 (shěnpī)
- 岔批兒/岔批儿
- 差批
- 引繩批根/引绳批根
- 手批
- 批亢擣虛/批亢捣虚
- 批件 (pījiàn)
- 批價/批价
- 批八字
- 批准 (pīzhǔn)
- 批判 (pīpàn)
- 批判哲學/批判哲学
- 批削
- 批命
- 批單/批单
- 批回
- 批子
- 批尸
- 批抹
- 批撥/批拨
- 批改 (pīgǎi)
- 批文 (pīwén)
- 批書/批书
- 批條/批条
- 批次處理/批次处理
- 批注 (pīzhù)
- 批發/批发 (pīfā)
- 批發價/批发价 (pīfājià)
- 批發價格/批发价格
- 批發商/批发商 (pīfāshāng)
- 批發市場/批发市场 (pīfā shìchǎng)
- 批皮
- 批示 (pīshì)
- 批答
- 批紅判白/批红判白
- 批胸
- 批行
- 批覆 (pīfù)
- 批詔/批诏
- 批評/批评 (pīpíng)
- 批註/批注 (pīzhù)
- 批語/批语 (pīyǔ)
- 批貨/批货
- 批購/批购
- 批較/批较
- 批轉/批转
- 批辦/批办
- 批迴/批回
- 批逆鱗/批逆鳞
- 批郤導窾/批郤导窾
- 批量 (pīliàng)
- 批銷/批销
- 批閱/批阅 (pīyuè)
- 批頰/批颊
- 批頭/批头
- 批頭棍/批头棍
- 批頭竹片/批头竹片
- 批風抹月/批风抹月
- 批首
- 批駁/批驳 (pībó)
- 批鬥/批斗 (pīdòu)
- 批點/批点
- 抹月批風/抹月批风
- 搗虛批吭/捣虚批吭
- 文學批評/文学批评 (wénxué pīpíng)
- 朱批 (zhūpī)
- 核批
- 橫批/横批 (héngpī)
- 眉批 (méipī)
- 硃批/朱批 (zhūpī)
- 竹批兒/竹批儿
- 自我批評/自我批评 (zìwǒ pīpíng)
- 薄批細切/薄批细切
- 蘋果批/苹果批
- 解批
- 解析批評/解析批评
- 註批/注批
- 躉批/趸批 (dǔnpī)
- 雞批/鸡批
See also[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “Entry #3209”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
- English Loanwords in Hong Kong Cantonese
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
批
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
批 • (bi, byeol) (hangeul 비, 별)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
Readings[edit]
批: Hán Việt readings: phi
批: Nôm readings: phê, phe, phây
References[edit]
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