苹果

See also: 蘋果

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 苹果 – see 蘋果. (This term is the simplified form of 蘋果).
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

苹果

Wikipedia ^ja

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
苹	果
ひょう Hyōgai	か Grade: 4
kan'yōon	on'yomi

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 蘋果 (MC bjin kwaX).

The date of first attestation is currently not clear. However, the Japanese reading uses the kan'yōon of hyō for the 苹 kanji, which only appears in the simplified Chinese spelling 苹果 (píngguǒ), suggesting that this must be a relatively recent orthographic borrowing from Chinese, applying the regular Japanese on'yomi to the spelling. If this term had entered Japanese before the Chinese simplification reforms, the expected reading would be binka or binga, based on the regular on'yomi of bin for the 蘋 kanji.

Usage of this reading might be restricted to commerce.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ço̞ːka̠]
(Tokyo) ひょーか [hyóꜜòkà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]^[1]

Noun

苹(ひょう)果(か) • (hyōka) ^{←ひやうくわ (fyaukwa)^?}

apple (fruit)

Synonyms

林(りん)檎(ご) (ringo)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
苹	果
へい Hyōgai	か Grade: 4
kan'on	on'yomi

Ultimately from Middle Chinese 蘋果 (MC bjin kwaX).

The date of first attestation is currently not clear. However, the Japanese reading uses the kan'on of hei for the 苹 kanji, which only appears in the simplified Chinese spelling 苹果 (píngguǒ), suggesting that this must be a relatively recent orthographic borrowing from Chinese, applying the regular Japanese on'yomi to the spelling. If this term had entered Japanese before the Chinese simplification reforms, the expected reading would be binka or binga, based on the regular on'yomi of bin for the 蘋 kanji.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [he̞ːka̠]
(Tokyo) へーか [héꜜèkà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]

Noun

苹(へい)果(か) • (heika) ^{←へいくわ (feikwa)^?}

apple (fruit)

Synonyms

林(りん)檎(ご) (ringo)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
苹	果
りん Hyōgai	ご Grade: 4
irregular

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 苹果 (píngguǒ), used with the reading normally spelled as 林檎 (ringo).

This reading is rare in Japanese, and it is not included in many dictionaries.^[2]^[1]^[3]^[4]

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 苹果 – see the following entry.

【林檎りんご】

[noun] [from 918] apple

[noun] (slang) the company Apple Inc. or its products

Alternative spelling
奈

(This term, 苹果, is an alternative spelling (obsolete, literary) of the above term.)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ “苹果”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
^ “苹果”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

“^▲苹果”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[3] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

[SMK5-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[NKDc-3] “苹果”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

[DDJS-4] “苹果”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen]‎^[2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months

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