佛
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Translingual[edit]
Stroke order | |||
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Han character[edit]
佛 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人中中弓 (OLLN), four-corner 25227, composition ⿰亻弗)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 99, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 517
- Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 140, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4F5B
Chinese[edit]
simp. and trad. |
佛 | |
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alternative forms |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 佛 | ||||
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | |||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bɯd): semantic 亻 + phonetic 弗 (OC *pɯd).
Etymology 1[edit]
Ji (1998v7) considers it likely borrowed from Iranian (compare Sogdian 𐼾𐼴𐽂𐼷 (pwty), 𐫁𐫇𐫤𐫏 (bwty /Pute, Bute, βute/), Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (bwt'), 𐫁𐫇𐫤 (bwt /But/), Parthian 𐫁𐫇𐫎 (bwṯ /But, Butt/)), ultimately from Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha, “awakened, enlightened”, past passive participle), whence also 佛陀 (MC bɨut̚ dɑ), but the Chinese morpheme 佛 is not a direct contraction or clipping of the latter.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
佛
- (Buddhism) Buddha
- (Buddhism) statue of Buddha
- (by extension) Buddhist scriptures
- (by extension) Buddhism; Buddhist doctrines
Descendants[edit]
Others:
- → Chadong: fut⁸
- ⇒ Mongolian: ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ (burqan) / бурхан (burkhan)
- → Vietnamese: Bụt (“a wise and kind old man in folklore”)
- → Zhuang: baed
Compounds[edit]
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Etymology 2[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 佛 – see 彿 (“resembling, like, as if”). (This character, 佛, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 彿.) |
Notes:
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Etymology 3[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
佛
- † Alternative form of 拂 (fú, “to go against; to be contrary to”).
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
佛
- † Alternative form of 弼 (bì, “to assist”).
- 佛時仔肩,示我顯德行。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Bì shí zǐjiān, shì wǒ xiǎn déxíng. [Pinyin]
- Assist me to bear the burden [of my position],
And show me how to display a virtuous conduct.
佛时仔肩,示我显德行。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]
- A surname.
- 佛肸以中牟畔。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, circa 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Bì Xī yǐ Zhōngmù pàn. [Pinyin]
- Bi Xi is in rebellion, holding possession of Zhongmu.
Etymology 5[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
佛
- † Alternative form of 勃 (bó, “prosperous, thriving”).
References[edit]
- “佛”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
仏 | |
佛 |
Kanji[edit]
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 仏)
Readings[edit]
Definitions[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 佛 – see the following entry. | ||||||
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(This term, 佛, is an alternative spelling of the above terms.) |
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Chinese 佛 (MC bɨut̚).
Historical Readings | ||
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Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 뿌ᇙ〮 (Yale: ppwúlq) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 부텨 (Yale: Pwùthyè) | 불〮 (Yale: pwúl) |
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [puɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [불]
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Hanja in this term |
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佛 |
Usage notes[edit]
A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]
Old Japanese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Most likely from Proto-Koreanic *Pwutukye (“Buddha”).
Noun[edit]
佛 (*poto2ke2) (kana ほとけ)
Descendants[edit]
- Japanese: 仏 (hotoke)
References[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
佛: Hán Việt readings: phật (
佛: Nôm readings: phật[1][2][3][4][6]
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
Zhuang[edit]
Noun[edit]
佛
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